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Date: Thu, 27 Aug 2009 21:49:10 +0200
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From: Molobo Molobo <molobus@gmail.com>
To: Wikipedia statistics <folks@wikipedometer.net>
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	Content preview:  Ok Radek, In your absence can somebody else copy this
	article ? W dniu 27 sierpnia 2009 16:12 u¿ytkownik radek szulga
	<rsszulga@gmail.com> napisa³: > Sorry I cant help out more - save all
	the refs and materials and when I'm > back I'll be happy to do some
	serious work to beat back these guys. > > Radek > > > 2009/8/27 Molobo
	Molobo <molobus@gmail.com> >> >> Thank you, be my guest to post it. >>
	>> 2009/8/27 piotr micula <basiaipiotr@yahoo.com> >>> >>> I can do it,
	let me know. Great work Molobo! >>> >>> Tymek >>> >>> --- On Wed,
	8/26/09, Jack <jacurek@yahoo.com> wrote: >>> >>> From: Jack
	<jacurek@yahoo.com> >>> Subject: Re: [WPM] Theodore Oberlander article
	complete >>> To: "Wikipedia statistics" <folks@wikipedometer.net> >>>
	Date: Wednesday, August 26, 2009, 5:22 PM >>> >>> Looks great ! Who is
	going to post it ? >>> Jacek >>> >>> --- On Wed, 8/26/09, Molobo Molobo
	<molobus@gmail.com> wrote: >>> >>> From: Molobo Molobo
	<molobus@gmail.com> >>> Subject: Re: [WPM] Theodore Oberlander article
	complete >>> To: "Wikipedia statistics" <folks@wikipedometer.net> >>>
	Date: Wednesday, August 26, 2009, 12:26 PM >>> >>> [[Image:Theodor
	Oberländer.gif|thumb]] >>> >>> '''Theodor Oberländer''' ([[May 1]],
	[[1905]] &ndash; [[May 4]], >>> [[1998]]) was a
	[[Ostforschung|Ostforschung scientist]], [[Nazi >>> Germany|Nazi]]
	officer, and [[Germany|German]] [[politician]]. >>> >>> >>> >>> From
	1953 to 1960 he was a Minister for Displaced Persons, Refugees and >>>
	Victims of War for the [[Federal Republic of Germany]]. He is considered
	by >>> some historians to be among the academics who laid the
	intellectual >>> foundation for [[Final Solution]]<ref
	name="Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German >>> memory: history, television,
	and politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner >>> Ohio University
	Press; 2006 page 222-224 </ref>. >>> >>> >>> >>> == Biography == >>> >>>
	==Membership in Nazi party and Ostforschung studies== >>> >>> >>> >>>
	Oberländer was born in [[Meiningen]], [[Saxe-Meiningen]], part of the
	>>> [[German Empire]] in 1905. At the ege of eighteen he participated in
	[[Adolf >>> Hitler]]'s [[Beer [...] 
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Subject: Re: [WPM] Theodore Oberlander article complete
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	Content preview:  Ok Radek, In your absence can somebody else copy this
	article ? W dniu 27 sierpnia 2009 16:12 u¿ytkownik radek szulga
	<rsszulga@gmail.com> napisa³: > Sorry I cant help out more - save all
	the refs and materials and when I'm > back I'll be happy to do some
	serious work to beat back these guys. > > Radek > > > 2009/8/27 Molobo
	Molobo <molobus@gmail.com> >> >> Thank you, be my guest to post it. >>
	>> 2009/8/27 piotr micula <basiaipiotr@yahoo.com> >>> >>> I can do it,
	let me know. Great work Molobo! >>> >>> Tymek >>> >>> --- On Wed,
	8/26/09, Jack <jacurek@yahoo.com> wrote: >>> >>> From: Jack
	<jacurek@yahoo.com> >>> Subject: Re: [WPM] Theodore Oberlander article
	complete >>> To: "Wikipedia statistics" <folks@wikipedometer.net> >>>
	Date: Wednesday, August 26, 2009, 5:22 PM >>> >>> Looks great ! Who is
	going to post it ? >>> Jacek >>> >>> --- On Wed, 8/26/09, Molobo Molobo
	<molobus@gmail.com> wrote: >>> >>> From: Molobo Molobo
	<molobus@gmail.com> >>> Subject: Re: [WPM] Theodore Oberlander article
	complete >>> To: "Wikipedia statistics" <folks@wikipedometer.net> >>>
	Date: Wednesday, August 26, 2009, 12:26 PM >>> >>> [[Image:Theodor
	Oberländer.gif|thumb]] >>> >>> '''Theodor Oberländer''' ([[May 1]],
	[[1905]] &ndash; [[May 4]], >>> [[1998]]) was a
	[[Ostforschung|Ostforschung scientist]], [[Nazi >>> Germany|Nazi]]
	officer, and [[Germany|German]] [[politician]]. >>> >>> >>> >>> From
	1953 to 1960 he was a Minister for Displaced Persons, Refugees and >>>
	Victims of War for the [[Federal Republic of Germany]]. He is considered
	by >>> some historians to be among the academics who laid the
	intellectual >>> foundation for [[Final Solution]]<ref
	name="Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German >>> memory: history, television,
	and politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner >>> Ohio University
	Press; 2006 page 222-224 </ref>. >>> >>> >>> >>> == Biography == >>> >>>
	==Membership in Nazi party and Ostforschung studies== >>> >>> >>> >>>
	Oberländer was born in [[Meiningen]], [[Saxe-Meiningen]], part of the
	>>> [[German Empire]] in 1905. At the ege of eighteen he participated in
	[[Adolf >>> Hitler]]'s [[Beer [...] 
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Ok Radek,

In your absence can somebody else copy this article ?

W dniu 27 sierpnia 2009 16:12 u=BFytkownik radek szulga
<rsszulga@gmail.com> napisa=B3:
> Sorry I cant help out more - save all the refs and materials and when I'm
> back I'll be happy to do some serious work to beat back these guys.
>
> Radek
>
>
> 2009/8/27 Molobo Molobo <molobus@gmail.com>
>>
>> Thank you, be my guest to post it.
>>
>> 2009/8/27 piotr micula <basiaipiotr@yahoo.com>
>>>
>>> I can do it, let me know. Great work Molobo!
>>>
>>> Tymek
>>>
>>> --- On Wed, 8/26/09, Jack <jacurek@yahoo.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> From: Jack <jacurek@yahoo.com>
>>> Subject: Re: [WPM] Theodore Oberlander article complete
>>> To: "Wikipedia statistics" <folks@wikipedometer.net>
>>> Date: Wednesday, August 26, 2009, 5:22 PM
>>>
>>> Looks great ! Who is going to post it ?
>>> Jacek
>>>
>>> --- On Wed, 8/26/09, Molobo Molobo <molobus@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> From: Molobo Molobo <molobus@gmail.com>
>>> Subject: Re: [WPM] Theodore Oberlander article complete
>>> To: "Wikipedia statistics" <folks@wikipedometer.net>
>>> Date: Wednesday, August 26, 2009, 12:26 PM
>>>
>>> [[Image:Theodor Oberl=E4nder.gif|thumb]]
>>>
>>> '''Theodor Oberl=E4nder''' ([[May 1]], [[1905]] &ndash; [[May 4]],
>>> [[1998]]) was a [[Ostforschung|Ostforschung scientist]], [[Nazi
>>> Germany|Nazi]] officer, and [[Germany|German]] [[politician]].
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> From 1953 to 1960 he was a Minister for Displaced Persons, Refugees and
>>> Victims of War for the [[Federal Republic of Germany]]. He is considere=
d by
>>> some historians to be among the academics who laid the intellectual
>>> foundation for [[Final Solution]]<ref name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of =
German
>>> memory: history, television, and politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kanste=
iner
>>> Ohio University Press; 2006 page 222-224 </ref>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> =3D=3D Biography =3D=3D
>>>
>>> =3D=3DMembership in Nazi party and Ostforschung studies=3D=3D
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Oberl=E4nder was born in [[Meiningen]], [[Saxe-Meiningen]], part of the
>>> [[German Empire]] in 1905. At the ege of eighteen he participated in [[=
Adolf
>>> Hitler]]'s [[Beer Hall Putsch]] in [[Munich]], [[Bavaria]], in 1923 dur=
ing
>>> the existance of [[Weimar Republic]]. After joining Nazis in 1933 he be=
came
>>> a senior SA commander and leader of NSDAP district<ref
>>> name=3D"Schwarz">"Konrad Adenauer: A German Politician and Statesman in=
 a
>>> Period of War, Revolution and Reconstruction : The Statesman : 1952-196=
7",
>>> Hans Peter-Schwarz pages 91, 432, Berghahn Books 1997 </ref>. Oberl=E4n=
der
>>> obtained a doctorate in [[Agricultural Science]]s and wrote several boo=
ks
>>> about the need for German intervention in the agricultural systems of
>>> [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]] and the [[Soviet Union]], which he
>>> considered "un-economic".
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Like other [[Ostforschung]] researchers; Meinhold, [[Peter-Heinz
>>> Seraphim]], Oberl=E4nder's use the forms of economic utilitarinism was =
to
>>> cover up stereotypes about Jews and Poles<ref name=3D"Ethics"/>. Those =
views
>>> were being rationalised with terms of health and "security threats" This
>>> supposed economic science was in fact, in the words of historian Michael
>>> Burleigh "a denatured hybrid throughoutly saturated by Nazi race
>>> ideology"<ref name=3D"Ethics">"Ethics and extermination-Reflections on =
Nazi
>>> Genocide", Michael Burleigh page 177, Cambridge University Press 1997</=
ref>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Oberl=E4nder became a [[Nazi Party|National Socialist]] in 1933. He bec=
ame
>>> a professor at the [[University of Greifswald]], where he took the fore=
front
>>> in making the university and the [[Province of Pomerania]] "[[judenfrei=
]]"
>>> (free of Jews).. On [[August 4]], [[1935]], he became an assistant to
>>> [[Gauleiter]] [[Erich Koch]], under whose authority he started to gather
>>> information about non-German minorities in [[East Prussia]]. A signific=
ant
>>> role in this process was played by the "Bund Deutscher Osten" (BDO - "L=
eague
>>> for a German East"), which advocated radical [[Germanization]] of the
>>> eastern provinces and the elimination of the [[Polish language]] in
>>> [[Masuria]]. The language's traditional usage in the
>>> [[Protestantism|Protestant]] churches of the [[Masurians]] was outlawed=
 in
>>> November 1939, with the [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] church leadership
>>> acquiescing in December.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> In March 1935 he attended a meeting of professors, scholars and [[NSDAP=
]]
>>> training specialists dedicated to study of the "East" where he dedicate=
d his
>>> esseys at what he described as "border struggle" with Poland<ref
>>> name=3D"GermanSch"/>.
>>>
>>> The meeting was divided into two groups:"base" and "front"<ref
>>> name=3D"GermanSch"/>. The "base" included 58 professors, lecturers and
>>> research assistants, the "front" was made up of political functionaries,
>>> seven training specialists of the NSDAP, [[Hitler Youth]], three heads =
of
>>> Reichsarbeitsdiensts(forced labour service), two teachers and two civil
>>> servants<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/>. It was Oberl=E4nder who intruduced t=
he 72
>>> patricipants on the first day and set for them the task to study "border
>>> struggle" against Poland<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/>..
>>>
>>> Attacking Poland, he advocated battle against [[Polish minority in Nazi
>>> Germany]], and demanded
>>>
>>> that social relationships between Germans and Polish immigrants be
>>> prohibited<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Oberl=E4nder implied that Poland was not capable of sociopolitical and
>>> agrarian reforms due that fact that it was not "racially homogenous" na=
tion
>>> state<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/>. The population of Polish cities has bee=
n named
>>> by him as "transplanted rubes"<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Sharing Hitler's view Oberl=E4nder believed that the treaties regarding=
 the
>>> [[East]], like the [[German-Polish Non-Aggression Pact]], were only
>>> conditional, and Ostforschung studies should go on as usual "so that af=
ter
>>> ten years we have everything ready that we could need in any given
>>> circumstances"<ref name=3D"Eastwards">"Germany turns eastwards: a study=
 of
>>> Ostforschung in the Third Reich", Michael Burleigh Cambridge University
>>> Press, 1988, pages 76 ,144-146, 222, 317-318 </ref>. Continuing his stu=
dies
>>> on rural population of Poland he noted in his works that "Poland has ei=
ght
>>> million inhabitants too many"<ref name=3D"Eastwards"/>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Reflecting on the temporary lack of possibility of open [[war]] in the
>>> East ,Oberl=E4nder wrote the following:
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> ''The struggle for ethnicity is nothing other then the continuation of
>>> war by other means under the cover of peace. Not a fight with gas, gran=
ades,
>>> and machine-guns, but a fight about homes, farms, schools and the soulr=
s of
>>> children, a struggle whose end, unlike in war, is not forseeable as lon=
g as
>>> the insane principle of the nationalism of the state dominates the East=
ern
>>> region, a struggle which goes on with one aim:extermination!'' <ref
>>> name=3D"Eastwards"/>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Other features of Oberl=E4nder's thoughts concentrated on depicting Jew=
s as
>>> carriers of [[communism]], and the benefits of peasant [[antisemitism]]=
 to
>>> German goals in Central and Eastern Europe<ref name=3D"Eastwards"/>.
>>>
>>> His preperatory work in BDO involved monitioring over 1,200,000 Poles
>>> living in Germany, with card-name index of untrustworthy Poles and Germ=
ans
>>> living in the borderlands, and proposals to Germanise Polish place, str=
eet,
>>> and family names<ref name=3D"Eastwards"/>.
>>>
>>> In the summer of [[1937]] Oberl=E4nder formulated a "divide and conquer"
>>> strategy for Poland<ref name=3D"GermanSch">German scholars and ethnic
>>> cleansing 1919-1945" Ingo Haar, Michael Fahlbusch Berghahn Books 2006 p=
age
>>> 10, 12 </ref>.
>>>
>>> Within Poland, ethnic groups were to be directed into fighting with each
>>> other, in order to prepare ground for German rule<ref name=3D"GermanSch=
"/>.
>>> The Poles were to be steered away from opposing Germans and guided into
>>> confrontation with [[Russians]] and [[Jews]]<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/>.
>>> Oberl=E4nder additionally called for elimination of "assimiliated Jewry=
" which
>>> in his view carried "communist ideas"<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/>. Polish
>>> peasants were to be "taught" that they benefit from German "law"<ref
>>> name=3D"GermanSch"/>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> In order to win over Poles for the side of German [[hegemony]] in
>>> [[Europe]], Oberl=E4nder proposed that they share in theft of Jewish
>>> property<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/>. Around 3,5 million Polish Jews and 1=
,5
>>> million people who were considered "assimilated Jews" were to be depriv=
ed of
>>> all of their rights<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> By 1937 Oberl=E4nder however started to lose influence in [[Nazi party]=
],
>>> as his views on the treatment of Polish population(but not Jewish quest=
ion)
>>> were losing to more hardline positions<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/> and per=
sonal
>>> conflict with [[Erich Koch]]
>>>
>>> <ref name=3D"Valdis">"Himmler's Auxiliaries: The Volksdeutsche Mittelst=
elle
>>> and the German National Minorities of Europe, 1933-1945"Valdis O. Lumens
>>> page 63</ref>. As a result he lost his position in East Prussia and wit=
hin
>>> BDO by 1938<ref name=3D"GermanSch"/>. From 1.4.1938 he worked as Profes=
sor of
>>> History at [[University of Greifswald]]<ref name=3D"Eastwards"/>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> In 1939 Oberl=E4nder moved to work in [[Abwehrstelle Breslau]]; one of =
the
>>> main centers of [[sabotage]] and [[diversion]] organised by Nazis which
>>> conducted operations against Poland. At the same time his work concerned
>>> issues connected to [[Ukraine]] and [[Sudetes]] region and he had conta=
cts
>>> with [[Osteuropa Institut]] located in Breslau([[Wroc=B3aw]])<ref
>>> name=3D"Instytut">"Przeglad Zachodni", volume 16 Instytut Zachodni 1960=
 page
>>> 115</ref>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> =3D=3DSecond World War=3D=3D
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> In 1940 he endorsed [[ethnic cleansing]] of Polish
>>> population[http://gplanost.x-berg.de/sgplanost.html], and in 1941 wrote=
 in
>>> the German magazine Deutsche Monatshefte: "We have the best soldier in =
the
>>> world who re-conquered German soil in the East. There is no bigger
>>> responsibility than educating this colonist to be the best on earth and=
 to
>>> secure the living space for all times to come" Oberl=E4nder's words ech=
oed
>>> views of [[Heinrich Himmler]], who envisioned settling former soldiers,
>>> armed with weapons and plows in the East, not just pure peasants
>>>
>>> <ref name=3D"Ramos">"SCHWERTE MUSS DER PFLUG FOLGEN: =DBber-peasents and
>>> National Socialists Settlements in the Occupied Eastern Territories dur=
ing
>>> World War Two"
>>>
>>> Simone C. De Santiago Ramos, M.S. Thesis Prepared for the Degree of
>>> Master of Arts
>>>
>>> University of Texas page 68</ref>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> During 1940 he moved to [[University of Prague]], after which he became
>>> active in [[Ukraine]], where he was used by Nazi Germany's military as
>>> expert on "ethnic psychology"<ref name=3D"Eastwards"/>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> When Hitler [[Operation Barbarossa|invaded the Soviet Union]] in 1941
>>> Oberl=E4nder became an adv ising officer of the [[Nachtigall Battalion]=
] (a
>>> Ukrainian battalion of [[Wehrmacht]]) which occupied [[Lviv]] in
>>> [[Ukraine]]; his position was similar to that of Soviet [[political
>>> commissar]]s. The patricipation of the Battalion in [[The Lviv Civilian
>>> Massacre of 1941]] has since been subject to controversy, and Oberl=E4n=
der
>>> himself has been accused after the war in patricipating in the events.
>>>
>>> In January 1942 he sent a report on situation in Ukraine in which he
>>> wrote that success lay in "winning over the masses and pitilessly
>>> exterminating partisants as deleterious to the people"<ref
>>> name=3D"Eastwards"/>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> He later became the leader of the mixed German and Caucasian
>>> [[Sonderverband Bergmann]], which was active in anti-[[Partisan
>>> (military)|partisan]] warfare. Both army groups were later claimed to h=
ave
>>> participated in [[war crime]]s. Oberl=E4nder's involvement in [[Eastern
>>> front]] would led to the Oberl=E4nder case at the end of the 1950s<ref
>>> name=3D"Schwarz"/>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> After leaving the Bergmann group in 1943 due to dismissal from
>>> [[Wehrmacht]] due to political conflict with his superiors he returned =
to
>>> Prague. In 1944 he became part of the staff of the
>>>
>>> Nazi controlled puppet collaborationist organisation the [[Andrey
>>> Vlasov]]'s [[Russian Liberation Army]]<ref name=3D"Schwarz"/>. He was t=
aken
>>> prisoner by the [[United States Army]] in 1945.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> =3D=3DPolitical career after Second World War=3D=3D
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> During his imprisonment U.S military secret service appreciated
>>> Oberl=E4nder's expertise in eastern European topics, and he went throug=
h the
>>> [[denazification]] process with ease
>>>
>>> <ref name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German memory: history, televisio=
n,
>>> and politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner Ohio University Press; 2=
006
>>> page 222-224 </ref>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> After the war Oberl=E4nder claimed that he criticised Nazi policies and=
 he
>>> only wanted a German [[hegemony]] over [[Slavic peoples]] in which they
>>> would have "some respect" and were "treated reasonably humanly"<ref
>>> name=3D"Schwarz"/>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Oberl=E4nder again became active in German politics, first in the liber=
al
>>> [[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|Free Democratic Party]], then in the
>>> [[All-German Bloc/League of Expellees and Deprived of Rights|Bloc of
>>> Refugees and Expellees]] (GB/BHE)(despite the himself was not expelled),
>>> where he would become a major leader alongside [[ Waldemar Kraft]] also=
 a
>>> former Nazi, interned for two years for his wartime activities in occup=
ied
>>> Poland<ref name=3D"Burdens">"Shouldering the Burdens of Defeat: West Ge=
rmany
>>> and the Reconstruction of Social Justice" Michael L. Hughes, The Univer=
sity
>>> of North Carolina Press 1999</ref>. Many threads connected BHE to the N=
azis,
>>> as it openly tried to win over former Nazis angry at denazification, ca=
lling
>>> their crimes to be only "uncritical belief in Germany's future"<ref
>>> name=3D"Burdens"/>. The party classified those Nazis on pair with war-d=
amaged
>>> as fellow victims<ref name=3D"Burdens"/>. The fact that the party selec=
ted as
>>> its leaders two former Nazis, who took part in expulsion and expropatio=
n of
>>> non-Germans severely undermined German complaints about their situation=
<ref
>>> name=3D"World''>"A World at Arms: A Global History of World War II" Ger=
hard L.
>>> Weinberg Cambridge University Press 1995 page 792</ref>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Oberl=E4nder joined the [[Konrad Adenauer|Adenauer]] government of [[We=
st
>>> Germany]] in 1953 as Minister for Refugees and Expelles<ref
>>> name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German memory: history, television, and
>>> politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner Ohio University Press; 2006 =
page
>>> 222-224 </ref>.
>>>
>>> His appointment prompted negative press coverage and made details of his
>>> Nazi past known<ref name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German memory: his=
tory,
>>> television, and politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner Ohio Univers=
ity
>>> Press; 2006 page 222-224 </ref>. But despite the fact that he nominated
>>> several former Nazis as co-workers, the criticism soon died down<ref
>>> name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German memory: history, television, and
>>> politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner Ohio University Press; 2006 =
page
>>> 222-224 </ref>. Adenauer in particular was keen on getting BHE on board=
, as
>>> with its support he controlled two-thirds majority in the parliament<ref
>>> name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German memory: history, television, and
>>> politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner Ohio University Press; 2006 =
page
>>> 222-224 </ref>.Adenauer knew very well that Oberl=E4nder was a National=
ist
>>> Socialists and admitted he has a "very brown past"<ref name=3D"Schwarz"=
/>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> When Oberl=E4nder tried to visit his former Nazi co-workes in 1956 who
>>> still served time in Landsberg prison, the foreign minister of Germany
>>> vetoed the trip, fearing for international consequences, neverthless de=
spite
>>> hinderances Oberl=E4nder still tried to support far right groups.<ref
>>> name=3D"Legacies">"Legacies of Dachau: the uses and abuses of a concent=
ration
>>> camp 1933-2001"" Harold Marcuse Cambridge University Press 2001 page
>>> 118</ref>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Oberl=E4nder left the GB/BHE for the centre [[Christian Democratic Union
>>> (Germany)|Christian Democratic Union]] in 1956 when it broke with Adena=
uer.
>>> Adenauer himself continued to support him, as a matter of principle<ref
>>> name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German memory: history, television, and
>>> politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner Ohio University Press; 2006 =
page
>>> 222-224 </ref>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> In the fall of 1959 the [[Eastern Bloc]] unleashed a coordinated campai=
gn
>>> against existance of Nazi's in West German government, which included
>>> Oberl=E4nder. He was accused of participating in Lviv Massacre<ref
>>> name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German memory: history, television, and
>>> politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner Ohio University Press; 2006 =
page
>>> 222-224 </ref>. Previously he was able to remain in politics despite the
>>> accusations, but the situation this time became more unfavourable,and s=
ome
>>> of his fellow CDU collegues pushed for him to resign for the good of
>>> government and country <ref name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German mem=
ory:
>>> history, television, and politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner Ohio
>>> University Press; 2006 page 222-224 </ref>.
>>>
>>> While many in West Germany did not believe the accusations of war crime=
s,
>>> it was clear that Oberl=E4nder had been an enthusiastic Nazi<ref
>>> name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German memory: history, television, and
>>> politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner Ohio University Press; 2006 =
page
>>> 222-224 </ref>, and due to fact that West German community had reinvent=
ed
>>> its immage as community of innocent bystanders during Second World War,
>>> Oberl=E4nder past was considered liability<ref name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pu=
rsuit of
>>> German memory: history, television, and politics after Auschwitz", Wulf
>>> Kansteiner Ohio University Press; 2006 page 222-224 </ref>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> A court in the [[German Democratic Republic]] (East Germany) in 1960
>>> sentenced Oberl=E4nder, in absentia, to life imprisonment for his invol=
vement
>>> in the Lviv massacre in 1941.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> In January 1960 during discussion with 3,000 students of [[University of
>>> Cologne]] Adenauer was faced with protests against continued presence of
>>> Oberl=E4nder in German government<ref name=3D"Schwarz"/>. In responce A=
denauer
>>> stated that Oberl=E4nder was a Nazi but "never did anything dishonourab=
le"<ref
>>> name=3D"Schwarz"/>. Despite Adenauer's protection however Oberl=E4nder =
became a
>>> heavy burder for the German government in May [[1960]]<ref name=3D"Schw=
arz"/>
>>> and finally removed from government, but not because of his past, but d=
ue to
>>> fact that he politically represented no value that was worth trouble<<r=
ef
>>> name=3D"Pursuit''>"In pursuit of German memory: history, television, and
>>> politics after Auschwitz", Wulf Kansteiner Ohio University Press; 2006 =
page
>>> 222-224 </ref>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Oberl=E4nder neverthless continued efforts to influence German public, =
and
>>> in 1962 he published an article in [[Der Stahlhelm]], an organ of former
>>> [[Frontsoldaten]] <ref name=3D"Eastwards"/>. In it he repeated claims a=
bout an
>>> "revolutionary war" in which he accused the "dictatorship in the East" =
of
>>> conducting an offensive revolution against the [[West]], in which there=
 was
>>> "no beginning", and no movement of troops, but which was led by
>>> "inflitration and publicism" as well as "espionage" <ref name=3D"Eastwa=
rds"/>.
>>> He denouced any possibility of "coexistance" between East and West and
>>> blamed such ideas on "rootless intelligentsia" <ref name=3D"Eastwards"/=
>, "to
>>> appease the enemy" Oberlaner wrote was to "further world revolution" <r=
ef
>>> name=3D"Eastwards"/>. As historian [[Michael Burleigh]] notes, the idea=
 that
>>> the "unfree" perhaps didn't wanted to be "liberated" by the likes of
>>> Oberl=E4nder and his "Bund der Frontsoldaten"(who passed that way twent=
y years
>>> ago)-did not occur to him <ref name=3D"Eastwards"/>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> In 1986, Oberl=E4nder received [[Bavarian Order of Merit]] from the sta=
te
>>> of [[Bavaria]]<ref name=3D"Bav''>"Problems of Political Reeducation in =
West
>>> Germany, 1945-1960" Michael H. Kater Simon Wiesenthal Center Annual Vol=
ume 4
>>> </ref>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> [[File:Oberlander1.jpg|150px|left|thumb|[[KGB]] document on action
>>> against Oberl=E4nder and Ukrainian [[Nachtigall]] ([[1959]]).]]
>>>
>>> His conviction was squashed by a new German court in 1993, which
>>> contended that the Soviet evidence had been fabricated by the
>>> [[KGB]]{{Verify source|date=3DMarch 2009}}{{Fact|date=3DMarch 2009}}<!-=
- de:
>>> only says "overturned on formal grounds", gives scholarly source -->. A=
t the
>>> end of his life, Oberl=E4nder became explicitly involved in [[far right=
]] and
>>> [[anti-immigration]] politics.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> A new case was opened against Oberl=E4nder in 1996 in which he was char=
ged
>>> with the unlawful killing of a civilian in [[Kislovodsk]] in 1942 durin=
g his
>>> Bergmann leadership<ref>Der Spiegel
>>>
>>> 18 / 1996 ''Kriegsverbrehen. Die M=FChlen mahlen langsam''</ref>. This =
time
>>> it involved an interrogation of female teacher, who was whipped and aft=
er
>>> refusing to talk about suspected partisant activity shot in the breast =
by
>>> Oberl=E4nder, who left her to die. Oberl=E4nder called those allegation=
s "Soviet
>>> lies".
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Theodor Oberl=E4nder died in [[Bonn]] in 1998.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> =3D=3DIn fiction=3D=3D
>>>
>>> *Professor Theodor Oberl=E4nder appears in [[Jonathan Littell]]'s
>>> [[docudrama]] "[[Les Bienveillantes]]".
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> =3D=3D References =3D=3D
>>>
>>> * {{PND|118735829}} {{de icon}}
>>>
>>> * [http://zeus.zeit.de/text/2001/26/200126_a-lemberg.xml Article about
>>> the events in Lviv/Lemberg] {{de icon}}
>>>
>>> * [http://www.ursulahomann.de/JudenInMecklenburgVorpommern/kap005.html
>>> Fate of the Jews in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Oberl=E4nder's involveme=
nt]
>>> {{de icon}}
>>>
>>> * [http://people.freenet.de/Transsylvania/Oberlaender.html Extracts from
>>> '' "Grenzlandpolitik" und Ostforschung an der Peripherie des Reiches. D=
as
>>> ostpreussische Masuren 1919-1945'' by Andreas Kossert] {{de icon}}
>>>
>>> <references/>
>>>
>>> {{DEFAULTSORT:Oberl=E4nder, Theodor}}
>>>
>>> [[Category:1905 births]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:1998 deaths]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:People from Meiningen]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:Beer Hall Putsch]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:Nazis]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:German politicians]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:Government ministers of Germany]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:Members of the Bavarian Order of Merit]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:People from Saxe-Meiningen]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:People indicted for war crimes]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:University of Munich alumni]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:University of Hamburg alumni]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:University of K=F6nigsberg alumni]]
>>>
>>> [[Category:University of Greifswald faculty]]
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> [[de:Theodor Oberl=E4nder]]
>>>
>>> [[no:Theodor Oberl=E4nder]]
>>>
>>> [[pl:Theodor Oberl=E4nder]]
>>>
>>> [[sv:Theodor Oberl=E4nder]]
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 2009/8/26 Molobo Molobo <molobus@gmail.com>
>>>>
>>>> I completed Oberlander article regarding:
>>>> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodor_Oberl%C3%A4nder
>>>>
>>>> The article is attached in doc format. It will be copied to the next
>>>> email for those of you who don't use mail in the discussion group. You=
 can
>>>> paste and copy it, although if you want to check spelling and referenc=
es
>>>> formating be my guest. In one case I couldn't get the reference to work
>>>> properly at all and had to manually copy it several times(I don't know=
 why
>>>> :/ )
>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> -----Inline Attachment Follows-----
>>>
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>>
>>
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