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On Monday February 27th, 2012, WikiLeaks began publishing The Global Intelligence Files, over five million e-mails from the Texas headquartered "global intelligence" company Stratfor. The e-mails date between July 2004 and late December 2011. They reveal the inner workings of a company that fronts as an intelligence publisher, but provides confidential intelligence services to large corporations, such as Bhopal's Dow Chemical Co., Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Raytheon and government agencies, including the US Department of Homeland Security, the US Marines and the US Defence Intelligence Agency. The emails show Stratfor's web of informers, pay-off structure, payment laundering techniques and psychological methods.

## Re: [alpha] INSIGHT - CHINA/VENEZUELA - Oil trading - CN13

Released on 2012-08-10 21:00 GMT

Email-ID | 2005283
Date | 2011-07-11 17:21:39
From | hooper@stratfor.com
To | alpha@stratfor.com
List-Name | alpha@stratfor.com

Kevin is digging into the Chinese refinery picture. We'll get a better
picture on what they have the capacity to process and where all they are
importing from.
A note on the shipping costs: While the cost of shipping to China from
Venezuela is something like 1.5 percent of the total cost of shipping,
it's many hundreds of thousands of dollars cheaper to ship directly from
Venezuela to the United States (depending on the size of the tanker). In
the attached document, it would be about equivalent to shipping from
Jakarta to Ningbo.
So the cost of shipping to China is a small percentage of the total cost,
but it's a cost that quickly adds up to millions of dollars.
On 7/11/11 8:15 AM, Peter Zeihan wrote:
that's 200k of potential use, not 200k of use
me guesses that china produces more than enough of its own heavy oil to
fill that up (otherwise they'd never have developed that particular
refining capacity in the first place)
On 7/6/11 8:01 AM, Matt Gertken wrote:
Also notable that this basically confirms what we thought: China is
turning around and selling a lot for profit, but it is still importing
more too. 200,000bpd may not sound like much, but it is higher than
China was importing five years ago (about 80,000bpd). This defeats the
theory that it is somehow too expensive due to shipping costs. Of
course, i agree with source that we shd try to contact Dalian refinery
, that was a good tidbit
On 7/5/11 11:47 AM, Karen Hooper wrote:
Right, that's the assumption we started with for the tasking. The
purpose here is to try to quantify the amount being turned around
and resold to the US so that we can put the export numbers we're
getting in context. The idea is to get us a picture of how much is
being sold at a cut rate to intermediary purchasers, and how much is
actually being diversified to other markets.
On 7/5/11 9:44 AM, Reva Bhalla wrote:
something to note here -- any claims or figures of VZ reducing
its dependency on the US or vice-versa need to be tempered with
the fact that a lot of oil is still being sold to the US through
intermediaries friendly to Chavez... China being a big one.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
From: "Jennifer Richmond" <richmond@stratfor.com>
To: alpha@stratfor.com
Sent: Tuesday, July 5, 2011 12:40:59 AM
Subject: [alpha] INSIGHT - CHINA/VENEZUELA - Oil trading - CN13
**Original insight tasking from Karen below insight
SOURCE: CN13
ATTRIBUTION: Foreign consultant helping western companies invest
in China, specialty in Latam/China relations, also in the process
of setting up PE funds for Chinese to invest in Latam.
SOURCE DESCRIPTION: CEO and founder Sinolatin Capital
PUBLICATION: Yes
SOURCE RELIABILITY: B/C
ITEM CREDIBILITY: 3
SPECIAL HANDLING: None
SOURCE HANDLER: Jen
PDVSA produces heavy crude as we know (as much solid as liquid).
Most of it still goes to the US because the only refineries that
can process this are in the US. Hess and PDVSA have a JV called
Hovensa if I'm not mistaken. So what can actually go to China?
Well for all the talk about the PetroChina/PDVSA refinery in
Guandong to process heavy crude, it still hasn't been built.
They've been talking about it for years. If I recall, that
facility is supposed to process 400,000 bbl per day when built. So
the only other place in China that can process Venezuelan crude is
in Dalian. This is owned by PetroChina as well and also has a
capacity of roughly 400,000 bbl. As far as I know the Dalian
refinery is processing half from the middle east. So assuming that
they get oil from Venezuela, the most that they can process in
China is 200,000 bbl. But if you factor in the shipping costs,
etc, its better for China to sell the oil to the US.
At the end of last year Wikileaks published something that said
that China is getting oil at $5 and then selling to US refineries
for a huge profit. So what? Aren't the Cubans doing the same
thing? Of course they are. And so are crooked traders (Venezuelans
who are friends with Chavez). Because Chavez doesn't want to sell
directly to the "Imperialists" he has a bunch of cronies to whom
he gives oil at favorable prices. And these cronies sell to the US
at huge margins and make a bundle. I'm sure they give Chavez and
some of the generals a personal cut of their profits. I am sure
Chavez has offshore bank accounts with lots of money from these
sources.
As to your specific question on exactly how much oil goes to
China, you are best off contacting people at Petrochina's Dalian
refinery.
Original insight tasking from Karen:
Any quick thoughts on where Venezuelan oil is going? We know that
while exports declined overall, sales to Asia (China) have more
than doubled in the past year. What I am wondering is how much of
that is actually being shipped to China, and how much is being
turned around and sold at a profit to the United States. I have
the same question about sales to Europe that have been reportedly
increasing. I know that this is something that has been reported
in the open source as happening with Ecuador's oil -- China's
loans for oil program has Ecuador paying back the loan in oil,
which the Chinese then turn around and sell to the West Coast
market.
It really just makes sense for oil to be sold to the US in this
case, since the US has refineries specifically tuned to the
Venezuelan blends. From what I understand there is a surplus of
heavy crude in Europe, and not much of an increased capacity to
handle it.
--
Matt Gertken
Senior Asia Pacific analyst
US: +001.512.744.4085
Mobile: +33(0)67.793.2417
STRATFOR
www.stratfor.com

### Attached Files

# | Filename | Size
--- | --- | ---
10746 | 10746_Chinese Oil Sh.xls | 53.6KiB