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# The Global Intelligence Files

On Monday February 27th, 2012, WikiLeaks began publishing The Global Intelligence Files, over five million e-mails from the Texas headquartered "global intelligence" company Stratfor. The e-mails date between July 2004 and late December 2011. They reveal the inner workings of a company that fronts as an intelligence publisher, but provides confidential intelligence services to large corporations, such as Bhopal's Dow Chemical Co., Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Raytheon and government agencies, including the US Department of Homeland Security, the US Marines and the US Defence Intelligence Agency. The emails show Stratfor's web of informers, pay-off structure, payment laundering techniques and psychological methods.

## [OS] ROMANIA/ENERGY - Romania needs shale gas industry regulation-NAMR

Released on 2012-08-12 20:00 GMT

Email-ID | 204292
Date | 2011-12-02 15:54:18
From | kiss.kornel@upcmail.hu
To | os@stratfor.com
List-Name | os@stratfor.com

Romania needs shale gas industry regulation-NAMR
http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/12/02/energy-shale-romania-idUSL5E7N21Z320111202
LONDON, Dec 2 (Reuters) - Romania needs laws to regulate the creation of a
shale gas sector which the government aims to develop to offset dwindling
conventional gas resources, the president of Romania's Mineral Resources
Agency (NAMR) said.
Romania could run out of conventional gas reserves as soon as 2022 and
needs to come up with new resources, according to Romania's national
statistics office.
Its shale gas industry is still at an early stage, and legal obstacles
around environmental and property rights could stall the industry's
development, NAMR President Alexandru Patruti said.
Shale gas has a much bigger environmental impact than conventional gas
exploration because it requires the use of large amounts of chemicals and
water to extract the gas from layers deep beneath the surface.
Romania currently has no specific legislation for shale gas exploration
and uses the same laws that apply to its conventional gas sector.
"Shale gas exploration implies the use of enormous quantities of chemicals
and water. These will have to be transported and stored, and I can see
some legal issues that could occur because of this," said Dorin Cojocaru,
head of NAMR's oil and gas resource estimation team.
Regulation is also needed to grant access to pipelines.
The vast majority of oil and gas pipelines in Europe are owned and
operated by large integrated energy companies that control production,
transport and sales.
A lack regulation that allows third parties access to pipelines owned by
such integrated companies means that shale gas companies wanting to enter
the market cannot ship their gas to customers.
Another problem lies in property rights.
The boom in U.S. shale gas exploration was aided by its land ownership
laws which give private land owners the commercial rights to mineral
resources found on their territory.
In Europe, these commercial rights are generally held by the state.
Patruti said that new laws regulating the sector should first be drafted
at a European level and then adopted by national governments because the
shale industry was becoming a pan-European industry.
UNKNOWN RESERVES
Specific reserve estimations for Romania do not exist yet, and Cojocaru
said "the figures circulating in the press are based more on the
implication that if a basin has conventional sources, it must have some
unconventional ones as well."
The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) said the joint reserves
for Romanian, Bulgarian and Hungarian shale gas was around 538 billion
cubic metres (bcm).
This would be around half of Ukraine's estimated resources and a tenth of
Poland's, which has Europe's biggest resources.
A Romanian government delegation recently visited Washington to discuss
potential U.S. investment into Romania's gas reserves.
Romania has granted an exploration licence to U.S. energy company Chevron,
who expects drilling to begin in the second half of 2012, said Thomas
Holst, country manager for Chevron.
Other companies that have signed drilling agreements with NAMR and are
awaiting government approval are Hungary's MOL and Canada's East West
Petroleum.
MOL, however, has said that due to the high costs of shale gas exploration
it would initially prioritise conventional resources.
"The Romanian blocks have a very good oil and gas potential. According to
our previous calculations some of these blocks contain an unconventional
potential," MOL said, but noted it was too early to estimate the size of
the unconventional reserves.
Another Canadian company, Sterling Resources, has licences to explore
conventional gas reserves and will use the same land to look for shale
gas, the company said.