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### Viewing cable 04DJIBOUTI447, DJIBOUTIAN GOVERNMENT COMMITTED TO PURSUING

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
04DJIBOUTI447 | 2004-03-28 06:16 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Djibouti

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    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

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    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 04 DJIBOUTI 000447

    SIPDIS

    STATE PASS TO DEPT OF ENERGY - FOR STEVE RICHARDS, FRANCIS
    HODSOLL, LINDSAY ROLAND, ALLAN JELACIC, ROY MINK, BOB
    DIXON, JOEL RENNER, GORDON BLOOMQUIST, TOM SPERL;
    STATE PASS TO USGS - FOR MIKE FOOSE AND BRENDA PIERCE;
    STATE PASS TO USAID - FOR GORDON WEYNAND, WALTER HALL, MARK
    SCHLAGENHAUF, MARK MURRAY, KEVIN WARR, SEAN MCCLURE,
    HERSCHELLE CHALLENOR;
    STATE PASS TO EPA - FOR MYRA FRAZIER;
    STATE PASS TO OPIC - FOR MARYSUE SHORE AND SAM SMOOTS;
    STATE PASS TO USTDA - FOR HENRY STEINGASS AND CARRIE
    WALCZAK;
    STATE PASS TO EX-IM - FOR JOHN RICHTER;
    STATE FOR BOB MANNING, JEFF HAENI, FERNANDO ECHAVARRIA,
    JULIA ROTTIER, GRIFF THOMPSON;
    DOC FOR AARON BRICKMAN AND JOSEPH AYOUB.

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: EAID ECON EFIN ENRG SENV PREL DJ GM XW
    SUBJECT: DJIBOUTIAN GOVERNMENT COMMITTED TO PURSUING
    GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

    REF: A. SECSTATE 347715
         ¶B. DJIBOUTI 00111 (NOTAL)

    ¶1. (U) SUMMARY: Djibouti was the site of a kick-off
    conference for the African Rift Valley Geothermal
    Development Facility (ARGeo) March 17-20, 2004.  The
    conference focused on energy needs in Djibouti, next
    steps for the exploration and exploitation of
    geothermal resources in Djibouti and lessons learned
    by Kenya and other geothermal experts.  The ARGeo
    project is a collaborative effort of United Nations
    Environment Program (UNEP), Global Environment Fund
    (GEF), and the German Development Bank (KFW).  ARGeo
    is designed to aid the Rift Valley countries in
    developing their geothermal energy resources within
    the public and private sectors.  The project
    organizers see Djibouti as a prime take-off point
    for the ARGeo program, as there has already been
    research done on geothermal resources, a private
    investor identified, and donor interest in the
    project noted.  The Government of Djibouti
    (GODJ) publicly expressed its commitment to pursuing
    geothermal energy as an answer to the high cost of
    energy, which stymies business growth and exacerbates
    high unemployment. END SUMMARY.

    THE DJIBOUTIAN PERSPECTIVE
    --------------------------
    ¶2. (U) The African Rift Valley Geothermal Development
    Facility conference opened March 17 in Djibouti.
    Pol/Econ and Econ/Comm Assistant attended all sessions.
    Acting Djiboutian Minister of Energy, Saleban Omar
    Oudine, made opening remarks and also read a message
    from President Ismail Omar Guelleh. (Note: The current
    Minister of Energy, Mohamed Ali Mohamed, is
    convalescing in France.  Oudine currently holds the
    position of Minister of Commerce and Industry.)  The
    Government of Djibouti (GODJ) has placed importance on
    reduction of poverty in Djibouti.  Both Oudine and
    Guelleh named reduction of energy cost as essential
    for economic growth and the fight against poverty.
    GODJ sees the cost of fuel energy as a major
    inhibitor to economic growth and diversification of
    energy sources, including geothermal energy, as the
    solution.  President Guelleh's message emphasized the
    importance of ARGeo to Djibouti's geothermal development.
    He also implored all Rift Valley countries to consider
    seriously and take advantage of the ARGeo initiative.
    The acting Minister of Energy re-iterated President
    Guelleh's request to the international community to
    assist Djibouti in its efforts to develop its
    geothermal resource.

    ¶3. (U) Electricite de Djibouti (EDD), the Ministry of
    Energy, the Agence National pour le Promotion de
    l'Investissement (ANPI) and experts from the Centre
    des Etudes et Recherche de Djibouti (CERD) presented
    the current state of energy needs and investment in
    Djibouti.  All electricity in Djibouti is currently
    generated by diesel fuel power plants.  EDD sells
    electricity at rates of 41 Djiboutian Francs (DF) for
    residential consumers, 51 DF for commercial users, and
    52 DF for bulk consumers (approx. 23, 29 and 29 cents
    US).  EDD quoted average total cost of production at
    around 20 cents.  Of that amount fuel costs are between
    seven and nine cents.  The bulk of the remaining cost of
    production is reportedly taxes on materials imported
    for production.  With the proposed geothermal power
    plant by Geothermal Development Associates (GDA), an
    American company based in Nevada, EDD could buy
    electricity at approximately half current costs and
    bypass the taxes on imported materials.

    LESSONS LEARNED AND ADVICE
    --------------------------
    ¶4. (U) The conference brought together major geothermal
    developers from all over the world to discuss the ARGeo
    program and offer insights to the GODJ on how to progress
    with geothermal energy.  Kenya was the most effective
    delegation as one of the first African countries to
    develop geothermal energy with private investment and a
    long history of government run development.  The Kenyan
    perspective promoted continuous but staged development,
    with the government bearing a significant portion of the
    exploratory risk.  Kenya emphasized the benefits of
    geothermal energy as a green resource and offered its
    assistance in the development process. The experts from
    Kenya commented that the best way to develop geothermal
    industry was to start with a small plant (5MW), train
    locally, learn early how the process works, and later
    move to a larger plant (30 MW and up).  However, the
    Kenyans and other visiting experts highlighted the
    point several times that a larger plant is always more
    economical.

    ¶5. (U) Among the most salient pieces of advice offered
    by the Kenyans, was the admonition to provide an
    enabling environment for private investment by providing
    solid fiscal and legal regimes, as well as charging
    private investors low customs duties and taxes.  Kenya
    also emphasized the advantage of having private
    companies run power generating facilities, keeping
    government money free to fund other programs.

    ¶6. (U) Closing session debates were contentious over
    the best way to develop geothermal resources in
    Djibouti.  One camp, which included the Djiboutians,
    promoted the "start small and learn as you progress"
    method to mitigate the risk of investment to the
    government.  The other side of the table, urged
    Djibouti to take the opportunity that was presented
    with the 30 MW plant proposed by GDA.  GDA countered
    that it would not have come back after 5 years of
    negotiation if it were not sure that the project
    would succeed.  GDA also assured GODJ that the full
    brunt of the risk of investing in Djibouti would be
    shouldered by GDA and its investing partners.

    HOW ARGEO WILL WORK
    -------------------
    ¶7. (U) ARGeo is designed to provide access to
    information, experience, technical and material
    assistance; identify obstacles to development and
    propose solutions; identify financial mechanisms to
    manage risks; eliminate technical barriers; and
    reduce overall risk.  GEF, KfW and Italy have made
    US$ 1 million available for the preparation phase
    of ARGeo.  The program is expected to be active by
    early next year.  The project organizers stated that
    a team of experts would be visiting each of the
    eligible countries to assist them in preparing
    their proposals.  GEF requests that the countries
    then submit the proposals to them to be considered
    for funding and assistance.

    ¶8. (U) Within the framework of ARGeo there are two
    funds that will assist countries in the development
    process.  The risk coverage fund will help reduce
    the direct cost to governments associated with
    exploratory and production drilling.  The transaction
    counsel fund will provide resources for governments
    to get the necessary technical and financial advice
    throughout the PPA and contract negotiations.  These
    funds will contribute a portion, not fully fund the
    projects proposed.  GEF emphasized that private
    companies chosen for projects should be able to prove
    that they have adequate financing at their disposal
    for all stages of the project.

    ¶9. (U) Ambassador and Pol/Econ met twice at the
    Embassy with Martin Booth, President of GDA, and
    Stephen Hirsch, UNEP Geothermal Consultant, to
    discuss outcomes of the conference and private
    meetings to explore their vision of next steps in
    GDA's quest of a contract to develop geothermal
    energy in Djibouti.  Booth stated his belief in
    the continued interest of his company in pursuing
    the project, but that project financing remains his
    company's single greatest hurdle.  Ambassador
    suggested possible interlocutors for GDA in terms
    of financing possibilities, including some of the
    development funds of Gulf countries.  She also urged
    that opportunities with Overseas Private Investment
    Corporation (OPIC) be explored.  Booth pledged to
    pursue both options.  Ambassador also conveyed to
    Booth the willingness of the Embassy to do all that
    it could to support and eventual contract proposal
    from GDA to the Government of Djibouti.

    ¶10. (U) COMMENT: At the beginning of the conference,
    the GODJ seemed unconvinced of the practicality of
    geothermal energy.  At the end of the conference,
    however, it appeared more convinced.  The GODJ stated
    at the end of the conference that it wanted ARGeo to
    be the framework it worked through to develop
    geothermal energy with private sector involvement.
    The GODJ also mentioned its interest in developing
    small-scale/ off-grid applications, such as small
    local plants that serve a specific area not reached
    by the main power grid.

    ¶11. (U) COMMENT CONTINUED: There was contention
    between the GODJ and GDA on output capacity of a
    proposed geothermal facility.  The GODJ focused on
    perhaps a small initial plant generating only 5 MW
    of power.  GDA made clear, however, that it would
    not be interested in building a facility that would
    provide less than 30 MW of power.  The general
    consensus at the end of the conference was that the
    ball is in ARGeo's court, and that the Djiboutians
    are waiting for the first move to come in the form
    of an ARGeo funding and assistance package.
    END COMMENT.
    RAGSDALE

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