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### Viewing cable 03HALIFAX119, HALIFAX CULTURAL DIVERSITY SEMINAR

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
03HALIFAX119 | 2003-04-09 19:13 | 2011-04-28 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Consulate Halifax

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    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 HALIFAX 0119

    SIPDIS

    PARIS FOR BRIAN AGGELER/HENRY KELLEY
    OTTAWA FOR DAVID BURNETT
    GENEVA FOR USMISSION AND USTR MISSION

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: ETRD KPAO SCUL UNESCO
    SUBJECT:  HALIFAX CULTURAL DIVERSITY SEMINAR

    -----------
    Summary
    -----------
    ¶1.  The Department of Canadian Heritage hosted a seminar on a
    proposed International Instrument on Cultural Diversity (IICD)
    in Halifax, Nova Scotia, March 27-28, 2003. Most of the
    discussion focused on audiovisual trade issues.  Culture
    ministry officials and NGO representatives argued that a new
    instrument was necessary to promote and preserve their
    countries' cultural diversity and counteract "the corrosive
    effects of globalization."  The U.S. delegation and trade
    ministry officials in other delegations noted
    that WTO disciplines have proved sufficiently flexible to
    address legitimate cultural concerns in the audiovisual sector.
    (This cable was prepared by Dan Clune and Eliza Koch of
    EB/EPPD/PA, who participated in the Halifax seminar.)  End
    Summary.

    ----------------------
    A Focus On Audiovisual
    ----------------------
    ¶2.  Representatives from 20 countries (vast majority from the
    Western Hemisphere), 8 multilateral organizations, and 17 civil
    society organizations participated in the Experts Seminar on
    cultural diversity.  USG attendees included Daniel Clune and
    Eliza Koch of the State Department's Economic Bureau and David
    Taylor of the Library of Congress.  The seminar was designed to
    "further informal discussions and facilitate an exchange of
    views" on cultural diversity, particularly among trade and
    cultural officials.  Many foreign government representatives who
    were present at the Experts Seminar are also members of the
    informal group of culture ministers called the International
    Network on Cultural Policy (INCP).  In February 2003, the group
    met with United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
    Organization (UNESCO) Director General Matsuura and asked UNESCO
    to assume responsibility for a cultural diversity instrument the
    INCP had drafted.  Many representatives of the non-governmental
    arm of INCP, called the International Network for Cultural
    Diversity (INCD) also participated in the seminar.

    ¶3.  Although the term "cultural diversity" embraces concerns
    ranging from the right to express one's culture to preservation
    of languages and indigenous artifacts, the discussion was
    focused almost entirely on the rules governing trade in
    audiovisual goods and services.  James Early of the Smithsonian
    Institution, who attended the meeting as an NGO representative,
    told participants they needed to broaden the discussion to
    matters such as cultural diversity within nations and across
    national borders and to the representation of indigenous people
    in cultural institutions and at the seminar itself.

    ¶4.  David Taylor of the Library of Congress gave a presentation
    on several U.S. institutions, which are responsible for the
    collection, documentation, preservation, celebration, and
    display of the multi-cultural expressive traditions of the
    United States.  Taylor highlighted the programs of the National
    Endowment for the Arts, Library of Congress, and the Smithsonian
    Institution.  He also explained that state and local
    involvement, as well as NGO participation, play an important
    role in preserving and promoting the cultural diversity of the
    United States.  The USG delegation provided a fact sheet at the
    seminar which previewed the work of the three federal
    institutions mentioned above as well as that of the National
    Endowment for the Humanities, and the State Department's
    Ambassador's Fund for Cultural Preservation.

    --------------------------
    The Case For an Instrument
    --------------------------
    ¶5.  Culture ministry officials and NGO representatives at the
    meeting agreed on the need for a Cultural Diversity Convention.
    Jean-Pierre Blais, the Assistant Deputy Minister at the
    Department of Canadian Heritage, opened the meeting by noting
    that, "Existing global trade rules are based solely on economic
    principles."  Gary Neil of the Canadian Conference of the Arts
    said a new agreement was necessary to counteract the "corrosive
    effect of globalization on culture."  David Diaz of UNCTAD
    claimed that "there was a consensus that the WTO was not the
    appropriate forum for dealing with these issues," noting that
    "there was one dominant player in the world economy which
    controls the distribution of audiovisual goods and services" and
    that a new instrument would "protect culture form the
    undesirable effects of trade."  Phil Stone from the Department
    of Canadian Heritage cautioned countries against making new
    trade commitments while an instrument was being negotiated.

    ---------------------------------------------
    A Different Perspective from Trade Ministries
    ---------------------------------------------
    ¶6.  The Canadian government made a conscious effort to include
    officials from trade ministries in the seminar, and those
    officials brought a different perspective to the discussion.
    Michael Brock from the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs
    and International Trade noted the need to reconcile domestic
    cultural polices and international trade rules and said that the
    objective could only be met by engaging both culture and trade
    ministries.  State Department official Daniel Clune highlighted,
    in his presentation to the group, the different strategies
    appropriate for addressing different cultural diversity
    concerns.  He suggested that WTO disciplines have proved
    sufficiently flexible to address legitimate cultural concerns,
    and that the WTO is the best forum for addressing the cultural
    concerns surrounding trade in audiovisual goods and services.
    Guillermo Malpica Soto from the Mexican Secretariat of the
    Economy agreed on the flexibility provided by the GATS and urged
    participants to look for complimentarity between trade and
    cultural agreements.

    ¶7.  Alberto Luiz Pinto Choelho from the WTO office in the
    Brazilian Ministry of International Relations noted that the
    INCP draft instrument, which would require signatories to
    consult "when they are called upon to make commitments that
    could put at risk the preservation of cultural diversity," could
    subject countries to dispute settlement proceedings in two
    different international organizations.  He emphasized the need
    for any agreement on cultural diversity to have "complimentarity
    with the GATS" and suggested that it be negotiated within the
    WTO as a GATS reference paper.  Kimmo Aulake, a Special Advisor
    to the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture and one of the
    drafters of the INCP instrument, responded that the group
    intended to add an article that would state that, "Nothing in
    this instrument shall affect the rights and obligations of a
    country under other international agreements."  However, Philip
    Stone from the Department of Canadian Heritage said that
    consideration of the issue of coherence among international
    agreements must be postponed.

    ----------------
    And On To UNESCO
    ----------------
    ¶8.  Frederic Vacheron from UNESCO's Division of Cultural
    Policies noted that UNESCO's Executive Board would meet in April
    2003 to discuss the proposed international instrument on
    cultural diversity, among other issues.
    KASHKETT

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