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### Viewing cable 05PANAMA2294, SUPREME COURT JUSTICES FACE CRIMINAL COMPLAINT IF

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05PANAMA2294 | 2005-11-23 22:01 | 2011-05-29 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Panama

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 PANAMA 002294

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE

    DEPARTMENT FOR WHA/CEN, AND INL
    SOUTHCOM FOR POLAD

    E.O. 12958:N/A
    TAGS: PGOV PREL PINR SNAR PM POL SPECIALIST
    SUBJECT: SUPREME COURT JUSTICES FACE CRIMINAL COMPLAINT IF
    NATIONAL ASSEMBLY AGREES

    REF: PANAMA 02232

    Summary
    -------

    ¶1.  (SBU)  In the wake of a March 2005 scandal that featured
    mutual allegations of wrongdoing between four Supreme Court
    Justices, on November 14 Alianza Pro Justicia (Pro-Justice
    Alliance) dramatically submitted to the National Assembly a
    criminal complaint against eight Supreme Court Justices.
    The complaint was based on the results of a legal audit
    conducted by Alianza that severely questioned six Court
    rulings.  The National Assembly has the constitutional power
    to investigate and impeach Justices.  Many observers doubt
    that the PRD-dominated National Assembly will take any
    action against the Justices.  In Panama, it is a foregone
    conclusion that without Executive backing, nothing will
    happen in the legislature.  End summary.

    Background
    ----------
    ¶2.  (U) In a March 2005 scandal Supreme Court Justices
    Arturo Hoyos, Winston Spadafora and Anibal Salas denounced
    Justice Adan Arjona for hiring staffers on the Executive
    branch payroll (instead of the Judicial payroll).  Arjona
    retaliated by holding a press conference questioning the
    three Justices' decisions in six cases involving narco-
    trafficking.  Arjona's accusations struck a chord with the
    Panamanian public.  President Torrijos responded by
    organizing a "Pacto para la Justicia" and forming a
    Commission to make legal recommendations on how to improve
    administration of justice (AOJ), including the appointment
    of new Justices (see reftel).

    The audit
    ---------
    ¶3.  (SBU) Alianza Pro Justicia (the "Alianza" comprises 15
    civil society organizations,) on November 14 announced the
    findings of its September audit of the six cases cited by
    Justice Arjona.  The findings included a criminal complaint
    against eight Supreme Court justices -- practically the
    entire Court minus Arjona and Justice Lee (Note:  Justice
    Lee was not involved in any of the six cases.  Justice
    Spadafora and his alternate Justice Cardenas were involved
    in some of the six cases and therefore the criminal
    complaint included both of them, making a total of eight
    Justices.)  Volunteer litigation lawyers studied the rulings
    in each of the cases for Alianza's audit.  These lawyers and
    a Drug Prosecutor who also contributed to the audit
    requested that Alianza did not disclose their names to avoid
    retaliation against them in their legal practices.

    ¶4.  (SBU) Alianza's audit showed "serious concerns" about
    the rulings in two of the six cases.  The audit found
    "issues" with the other four cases, Castillo explained, but
    they were more open to interpretation.  The two cases were
    those involving Colombian citizen Lorena Henao Montoya and
    Belize national Fernando Requena Duval.  Henao Montoya had
    been charged with crimes against public health and the
    national economy and forgery of documents (all related to
    drug trafficking).  Henao's brother, her late husband, and
    her current common-law husband all were members of the Cali
    Cartel.  With Justice Arjona dissenting, eight Justices
    declared that Lorena Henao's detention in Panama was illegal
    and set her free.  Fernando Requena was detained for
    narcotrafficking.  Julio Cesar Espinosa was detained while
    he was trying to help Requena escape from jail.  Espinosa
    confessed that he was paid $40,000 by Requena to free him.
    With Arjona dissenting, the other Justices declared
    Espinosa's detention illegal.  On January 19, 2004, Requena
    escaped with the help of several armed individuals who broke
    into a public hospital where Requena was undergoing a
    medical checkup, shooting their weapons in the air.
    Requena's whereabouts remain unknown.

    ¶5.  (SBU) Alianza strongly believes that the plaintiffs
    should have not been released from jail as the Justices had
    "much information and evidence" linking them to crimes.
    Ironically, Colombian authorities arrested Lorena Henao
    Montoya at the instant that she set foot in the Bogota
    airport following her deportation from Panama some months
    ago.  A Colombian court later found Henao Montoya guilty
    based on the file provided by the Panamanian Public
    Ministry.  (Note:  Henao is currently serving sentence in
    Colombia for narcotrafficking and money laundering.  End
    note).

    ¶6.  (SBU) After the audit was completed in September,
    Castillo met with the Panamanian Executives Association's
    (APEDE) legal group (about 20 lawyers) in a closed-door
    meeting to ask their opinion.  Castillo claimed that the
    group strongly agreed that an immediate formal complaint be
    submitted.  Castillo then met, also in a closed-door
    meeting, with representatives of Panama's Council for the
    Private Enterprise (CoNEP), the Chamber of Commerce, Civic
    Clubs, and the National Bar Association.  Except for the
    National Bar Association President Mercedes de Grimaldo, all
    of the others also agreed to take immediate action.

    ¶7.  (SBU) Castillo admitted that deciding to move forward
    and submitting the complaint before the National Assembly
    was not an easy one.  "I was scared.  I am still sometimes
    concerned," she claimed.  "These two cases directly involve
    the Cali Cartel.  We have been very careful in not
    mentioning them, but you never know which interests we are
    hitting," Castillo exclaimed.

    ¶8.  (SBU) Castillo said that Alianza was very careful not to
    charge the Justices with corruption.  Alianza does not have
    any "smoking gun" evidence to prove corruption, though it is
    implied.  The charges filed were for abuse of authority and
    infringement of duties by public servants and were based on
    the Penal Code, the Judicial Code and the Constitution.  On
    November 17, media reported that the National Assembly
    President Elias Castillo and Commissioner Freidi Torres (a
    former Majority Leader) have asked Alianza for evidence to
    justify their criminal complaint.  Magaly Castillo claimed
    that Alianza submitted to the Assembly a tape from Justice
    Adan Arjona's press conference implicating his colleagues in
    wrongdoing, authenticated copies of all the sentences,
    authenticated copies of the Colombian prosecutor's legal
    opinion, authenticated copies of the Colombian court ruling
    against Henao, and a copy of Alianza's legal audit.  "We
    should not need to submit anything else.  All the
    legislators need to do is read the cases.  It is so obvious,
    it is disgusting," Castillo said.

    Their expectations
    ------------------
    ¶9.  (SBU) Castillo said that she doubts the National
    Assembly will take any action against the Justices.  She
    also explained that National Bar Association President
    Mercedes de Grimaldo had opposed submitting criminal
    complaint, considering it "a waste of time," although she
    agreed that the sentences were highly questionable. (Note:
    According to media reports, Grimaldo supports the criminal
    complaint alleging that there is enough evidence to prove
    wrongdoing by the Justices.  End note).

    ¶10.  (SBU) According to Castillo, Alianza proceeded with the
    criminal complaint because it was "the right thing to do"
    and because it received strong backing from a heterogeneous
    group of business people, blue collar workers, the Catholic
    Church and several other Christian Churches.  "How much more
    representative can we get?" Castillo asked.

    Comments:
    --------
    ¶11. Like Castillo many Panamanians such as those who had
    participated in live radio talk shows in the past few days
    doubt that the National Assembly will take steps against the
    Justices.  President Torrijos, whose Democratic
    Revolutionary Party (PRD) controls the assembly, could take
    this opportunity to shake up the Court and possibly impeach
    one or more justices.  But allegations that several cases
    before the Court (the CEMIS case, above all) may involve him
    and other high-ranking government officers, lead many to
    believe that he is not eager to pick a fight with the Court.

    Eaton #

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