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### Viewing cable 05PRETORIA2754, South Africa: Minerals and Energy Newsletter

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05PRETORIA2754 | 2005-07-13 09:14 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Pretoria

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 05 PRETORIA 002754

    SIPDIS

    STATE PLEASE PASS USAID
    STATE PLEASE PASS USGS

    E.O.   12958: N/A
    TAGS: EPET ENRG EINV EIND ETRD ECON SF
    SUBJECT:  South  Africa: Minerals and  Energy  Newsletter
    "THE ASSAY" - Issue 6, June 2005

    REF: A) PRETORIA 3049, B) PRETORIA 2998

    This cable is not for Internet distribution.

    ¶1. (U) Introduction:  The purpose of this monthly
    newsletter, initiated in January 2004, is to highlight
    minerals and energy developments in South Africa.  This
    includes trade and investment as well as supply.  South
    Africa hosts world-class deposits of gold, diamonds,
    platinum group metals, chromium, zinc, titanium,
    vanadium, iron, manganese, antimony, vermiculite, zircon,
    alumino-silicates, fluorspar and phosphate rock, and is a
    major exporter of steam coal.  South Africa is also a
    leading producer and exporter of ferroalloys of chromium,
    vanadium, and manganese.  The information contained in
    the newsletters is based on public sources and does not
    reflect the views of the United States Government.  End
    introduction.

    ---
    Key
    ---
    ¶2. (U) Key to some of the terminology and abbreviations
    used is given to facilitate understanding.

    BEE (Black Economic Empowerment) - the scheme whereby the
    South African Government promotes black participation in
    business.

    -    t = tons,
    -    t/d = tons per day,
    -    c/l = cents per liter,
    -    t/m = tons per month,
    -    t/y = tons per year,
    -    oz = troy ounces (31.1 grams),
    -    cmg = centimeter grams,
    -    mcf = million cubic feet,
    -    tcf = trillion cubic feet,
    -    R = SA currency (rand),
    -    MW = megawatts,
    -    kt = thousand tons,
    -    bbl/d = barrels per day,
    -    MW = megawatts,
    -    PGM = platinum group metals.

    ----------
    HOT ISSUES
    ----------

    New Minister of Minerals and Energy
    -----------------------------------
    ¶3. (U) On June 22, President Thabo Mbeki appointed
    Lindiwe Hendricks, the former South African Deputy
    Minister of Trade and Industry (DTI), Minister of
    Minerals and Energy (DME) following the appointment of
    Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka as Deputy President.  These
    changes resulted from the dismissal of Jacob Zuma, the
    former Deputy President.  An attorney by training, Ms.
    Hendricks served as Deputy Minister of Trade and Industry
    to Minister Alec Erwin from 1999 until April 2004, and
    thereafter to Minister of Trade and Industry Mandisi
    Mpahlwa.  As Deputy Minister of DTI, she worked to
    improve export competitiveness, access to new markets,
    and to support the development of new technologies.  She
    also promoted mining-related activities such as
    beneficiation, small-scale mining, and women in mining.
    Her legal background may be valuable for implementing the
    mineral rights conversion process required by the new
    Petroleum and Mineral Resources Development Act.

    Minister's Advisory Board Launched
    ----------------------------------
    ¶4. (U) On June 18, the new Minister of Minerals and
    Energy, Lindiwe Hendricks, officially launched the
    Minerals and Mining Development Board.  Established under
    Section 57 of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources
    Development Act the Board will advise the Minister on
    matters referred to it under the Act, such as sustainable
    development of the country's mineral resources, black
    economic empowerment, industry job losses, and dispute
    resolution surrounding the award of permits or licenses.
    The Board must promote human resource development in
    consultation with the Mining Qualifications Authority,
    and may report on any matter relating to the application
    or objectives of the Act.  Appointed by the Minister, the
    Board's members must reflect the gender and racial
    composition of the country as well as hail from labor,
    business, government, and civil society.  A total of
    sixteen members have been appointed.  The Chairperson is
    Sandile Nogxina, Director General of the Department of
    Minerals and Energy (DME).  Other Board members include:
    May Hermanus, Chief Inspector of Mines; Abe Mngomezulu,
    Deputy Director General, Mineral Policy and Investment
    Promotion; Con Fauconnier, President of the SA Chamber of
    Mines and CEO of Kumba Resources; Bridgette Radebe,
    Chairperson of the SA Mining Development Association and
    CEO of Mmakau Mining; Mzolisi Diliza, CEO of the SA
    Chamber of Mines; Jan Bredell, previous Director General
    of DME; and Nchaka Moloi, previous advisor to the
    Minister of Minerals and Energy.

    ------
    MINING
    ------

    South African Non-Gold Mining Booms
    -----------------------------------
    ¶5. (U) Non-gold mining production rose by 12.6% year-on-
    year (y/y) in April, but gold mining production fell by
    16.3% y/y, resulting in total mining production rising by
    7.1% y/y.  The plunge in gold mining was due to
    industrial action at three of the largest mines, as well
    as to seismic activity in the NW mining area.  In terms
    of individual minerals and ores, y/y growth in diamonds
    was 33.5%, chrome 20%, iron ore 17.6%, copper 12.4%
    manganese 6.5% and PGMs 5.4%.  The remaining metallic
    minerals showed an average 27% y/y growth.  For the non-
    metallics, steam coal y/y output grew 10.9%, building
    materials by 6.6%, and the bulk remainder such as clays,
    asbestos, and refractory minerals averaged 56% growth.
    Cement sales rose by 8.1% y/y to 1.016 million tons in
    May, after a 28% y/y rise to 971,600 tons in April. This
    brought the year-to-date increase to 11.1% y/y compared
    to 2004's 17.3% surge.  Sales in May were the first since
    November 2004 to exceed 1 million tons in one month.
    Analysts believe this level should be the norm for the
    rest of the year.  Except for gold, high dollar prices
    for exported commodities and the country's growing
    economy and high local housing prices make the outlook
    for South Africa's mineral economy buoyant as long as the
    rand does not strengthen vis--vis the dollar, to impact
    export revenues in rands.

    --------
    IRON ORE
    --------

    Anglo American Wins Some, Loses Some
    ------------------------------------
    ¶6. (U) London-based Anglo American, the second largest
    diversified resource company in the world after BHP-
    Billiton of Australia, is striving to become a leading
    iron ore exporter.  After much political wrangling with
    South Africa's Industrial Development Corporation (a
    South African investment parastatal), Anglo finally
    managed to buy 67% of Kumba Resources in 2003.  However,
    the government conditioned the sale on limiting Anglo
    American's ownership to 49% to create an opportunity for
    an 18% equity ownership for BEE firms.  Anglo American is
    talking with prospective BEE partners interested in
    purchasing the 18% now.  Kumba's Sishen iron ore mine,
    located in the Northern Cape, is one of ten major iron
    ore deposits in the world.  The mine produces 29 million
    tons of high-grade ore per year and exports 21 million
    tons through the Saldanha Bay port via the dedicated Orex
    rail line operated by Spoornet, the South African
    Government-owned parastatal.

    ¶7. (U) Interestingly, Anglo American's purchase of Kumba
    may result in the loss of an important international
    asset.  Prior to Anglo American's takeover of Kumba,
    Kumba had entered into a 49/51 agreement with Hancock
    Prospecting (Australia) to develop the $1.5 billion Hope
    Downs iron ore project in Western Australia.  The
    promising project would have added 50% to Kumba's global
    iron ore production.  However, Kumba's agreement with
    Hancock stipulated that, should Kumba experience a change
    of ownership control, Hancock could buy back Kumba's 49%
    share in Hope Downs.  Anglo's purchase of a 67% share of
    Kumba triggered this option, and now Hancock appears
    determined to exercise it.  Anglo American went to
    arbitration to try to stop Hancock, but lost.  Hancock's
    must pay $113 million to Kumba by July 1, 2005 and $85
    million by July 1, 2006 to complete the repurchase.  Only
    if Hancock fails to meet these deadlines will Anglo
    American's position as a world player in the iron ore
    market be assured.  With BHP-Billiton, CVRD of Brazil,
    and Rio Tinto lurking behind the scenes, no one is
    betting that this will happen.
    --------
    DIAMONDS
    --------

    De Beers Steps Out: Fifth Avenue Style
    --------------------------------------
    ¶8. (U) The first De Beers LV (De Beers' joint venture
    with Louis Vuitton Moet Hennessy) luxury goods store
    opened on Fifth Avenue on June 22 to both applause and
    boos from a motley crowd.  The opening was De Beers' (the
    world's largest producer of rough diamonds) first step to
    doing business directly in the United States in more than
    50 years, having faced antitrust cases since 1945.  To
    pave the way to doing direct business in the United
    States, De Beers pleaded guilty in federal court last
    year to price-fixing and paid the maximum fine of $10
    million.  Media reports said that the 30 hecklers accused
    De Beers and the Government of Botswana of complicity in
    the "cultural genocide" of the San people.  This is
    because the government had recently evicted a San
    community from living and hunting in a section of a
    national game park, a potential diamond mining area.  De
    Beers and the Government of Botswana participate equally
    in Debswana, a 50/50 joint venture to mine Botwana's
    diamond resources.

    De Beers Exports Scanning Technology
    ------------------------------------
    ¶9. (U) The September 2004 issue of The ASSAY reported on
    the De Beers' fast x-ray scanner, called the Lodox
    Statscan. The scanner, developed for diamond detection
    and analysis, found an important niche in the medical
    field as a fast, affordable, and safe digital x-ray
    machine.  Currently, ten systems are operational in the
    United States and three in South Africa.  Subsequent to
    the report in the September issue, trauma centers in
    Sudan ordered four Statscan machines - two were delivered
    and staff training is underway - and one by Dubai.  A
    hospital in the United Arab Emirates purchased one
    machine.  Lodox's Marketing Executive Rodney Sandwith
    said that he expected sales to triple next year and to
    double every year thereafter.  He believed there were
    excellent prospects in North Africa and in some of the
    larger African countries, such as Nigeria.  Sandwith
    added that the opportunities in southern Africa were more
    limited as many of the countries were less inclined or
    able to purchase state-of-the-art equipment.

    New Life for Kimberley: The Diamond Capital
    -------------------------------------------
    ¶10. (U) Kimberley, the diamond city where it all began in
    1871, continues to hold her own 134 years later.
    Kimberley mines recorded its highest level of production
    (2,050,627 carats) in 91 years, increasing output by 95%
    (nearly a million carats) year-on-year from 2003 to 2004.
    The bulk (90%) of this outstanding performance came from
    the Combined Treatment Plant built to process the waste
    (obviously diamondiferous) dumps that dot the area, a
    legacy of the early days.  In South Africa, Kimberley
    production was second only to De Beers' Venetia diamond-
    mine in the Limpopo province, which produced 52% of the
    record 13.7 million carats produced by the seven De Beers
    Consolidated Mines' (DBCM) South African operations.  The
    target for 2004 is 14 million carats.  "It is our
    intention to be mining in Kimberley for as long as I'm
    around," said Jonathan Oppenheimer, the 35 year-old
    Managing Director of DBCM and heir to the De Beers
    fortune.  These results have breathed new life into both
    DBCM and the City of Kimberley, where De Beers is
    investing $8 million over three years to redevelop the
    Big Hole (see picture on title page) into a world-class
    tourism facility by 2008.

    --------------
    INFRASTRUCTURE
    --------------

    Focus on Spoornet - Spending Plans
    ----------------------------------
    ¶11. (U) For decades Spoornet, the South African Government-
    owned rail parastatal, has underperformed operationally and
    financially.  This has severely impacted bulk mineral
    exports and export growth, which have fled to privately-
    owned road transport.  In an attempt to revitalize Spoornet,
    Transnet (the parastatal transport holding company) CEO
    Maria Ramos appointed Siyabonga Gama as the new CEO of
    Spoornet (the fourth in the past six years).  Gama's task is
    to implement a turn-around plan aimed at making Spoornet a
    more efficient service provider and more financially viable.
    Gama said that he is confident that Spoornet's 5-year
    infrastructure spending program will stabilize the company
    and reverse the current flow of business to road transport.
    The spending program is part of Minister for Public
    Enterprises Alec Erwin's $7.8 billion capital expenditure
    plan for Transnet.  Spoornet's cut is $2.5 billion, of which
    Gama plans to spend $600 million on infrastructure and $1
    billion each on new locomotives and on upgrading older
    locomotives and wagons.  Gama wants to double annual revenue
    to $5.6 billion by 2010 by growing Spoornet's market in the
    following areas:
      -- coal by 15% to 86 mt per year;
      -- general freight by 82% to 160 mt per year;
      -- iron-ore by 28% to 41 mt per year;

    -----------
    OIL AND GAS
    -----------

    ChevronTexaco and SASOL Team up in Nigeria
    ------------------------------------------
    ¶12. (U) The long-delayed multibillion-dollar gas-to-
    liquids (GTL) project in Nigeria looks set to move ahead.
    On April 8, ChevronTexaco (Nigeria), a subsidiary of
    ChevronTexaco Corp, awarded a $1.7 billion engineering,
    design and procurement contract for the Escravos gas-to-
    liquids (EGTL) project to Team JKS, a consortium composed
    of JGC Corporation of Japan, KBR and Snamprogretti.
    Chevron Nigeria owns 75% of the project, with Nigerian
    National Petroleum Corporation holding 25%.  SASOL, South
    Africa's oil-from-coal producer, will supply its
    proprietary technology to the project for a licensing fee
    and provide 50% of the risk-based finance.  The plant
    will produce 34,000 barrels a day of liquid fuels
    including diesel, naphtha, and a small amount of
    liquefied petroleum gas.

    ¶13. (U) A SASOL spokesperson said the project would
    provide a major boost to the development of diesel from
    gas, which was "set to revolutionize the performance of
    diesel technology and improve air quality by reducing
    vehicle emissions".  The project would significantly
    reduce gas flaring from oil recovery operations.
    Moreover, gas-to-liquid diesel is low in aromatics and
    almost sulfur-free.  ChevronTexaco-SASOL's first
    commercial gas-to-liquids plant in Qatar should come on
    line early next year.  The group was also considering
    opportunities to build gas-to-liquids plants in Iran and
    Australia, among other countries.

    SASOL Signs MOU for Plant in Pennsylvania
    -----------------------------------------
    ¶14. (U) On April 18, WMPI (Waste Management and
    Processors Inc.) announced the signing of a Memorandum of
    Understanding (MOU) with SASOL for the construction of a
    coal gasification-based liquid fuels production facility
    near Gilberton, Pennsylvania.  Under the MOU, WMPI and
    SASOL will, subject to a number of conditions, commence
    negotiations for the use of SASOL's Fischer-Tropsch
    technology.  The Gilberton Integrated Fuels Plant will be
    a demonstration facility that will reclaim and process
    1.4 million tons per year of waste anthracite coal to
    produce 5,034 barrels per day of ultra-clean
    transportation liquid fuel and 41 MW of electricity for
    sale.  Successful start-up and operation of this facility
    may lead to larger-scale commercial plants with 10-12
    times the capacity.  The United States Department of
    Energy (DOE) and the National Energy Technology
    Laboratory (NETL) under the Clean Coal Power Initiate
    (CCPI) will sponsor the waste-coal-to-clean-liquids
    project.  The WMPI Project team includes:
     -- Shell Global Solutions - supplier of gasification
     technology;
     -- Uhde GmbH - Germany-based global engineering,
     procurement and construction (EPC) contractor for
     Shell's Coal Gasification Process (SCGP) technology;
     -- SASOL - Fischer-Tropsch Liquefaction technology
     provider;
     -- Nexant, Inc. - owner's engineer;
     -- ChevronTexaco Products Company - work-up technology
     provider.

    SASOL to Explore in Mozambican Waters
    -------------------------------------
    ¶15. (U) On June 1, SASOL announced that it had signed an
    agreement to explore for gas in an 11,000 square kilometers
    area off the Mozambican coast.  The area is directly
    offshore of the Pande gasfield that supplies SASOL's
    chemical, fuels, and gas operations in South Africa.  The
    exploration and production concession contract was signed in
    Maputo by SASOL Petroleum International and the Mozambican
    Ministry of Mineral Resources.  The investment vehicle is
    SASOL Petroleum Sofala Limitada, a wholly owned SASOL
    subsidiary, in which SASOL holds an 85% interest, and
    Empresa Nacional de Hydrocarbonetas, the Mozambican
    parastatal holds 15%.  The agreement is subject to final
    approval by the Mozambican Cabinet.

    South Africa's Integrated Oil and Gas Company
    ---------------------------------------------
    ¶16. (U) On May 12, the Competition Commission conditionally
    approved the merger between SASOL, South Africa's synthetic
    fuels and chemical company, and Malaysian national petroleum
    corporation Petronas (majority owner of Engen), subject to
    further investigation by the Competition Tribunal.  The new
    entity, Uhambo Oil, would be owned 37.5% each by SASOL and
    Petronas, and 25% by their black economic empowerment
    partners: Tshwarisano LFB Investment and Afric Energy
    Resources.  If approved by the Competition Tribunal, Uhambo
    Oil would control 55% of the country's refining capacity and
    40% of the inland retail market.  The merger was opposed by
    the other oil companies which have no inland refining
    capacity and fear that Uhambo might cease supplying them in
    Gauteng and other important markets.  However, the
    Competition Commission made its approval conditional on
    Uhambo continuing to supply petroleum products to these
    companies until completion of the new $500 million petroleum
    pipeline from Durban to Johannesburg in 2010.  The
    Competition Tribunal hearings are set for October 3 to 20.
    FRAZER

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