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### Viewing cable 04NASSAU2369, MIXED MIGRATION FLOWS: IOM/UNHCR CONFERENCE IN

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
04NASSAU2369 | 2004-12-16 15:40 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Nassau

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 NASSAU 002369

    SIPDIS

    STATE FOR PRM/PRP SDENTZEL AND PRM/ECA KPERKINS

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PHSA SMIG PHUM CU HA BF
    SUBJECT: MIXED MIGRATION FLOWS: IOM/UNHCR CONFERENCE IN
    BAHAMAS

    REF: A. NASSAU 1936
         ¶B. NASSAU 2336

    SUMMARY
    - - - - - - -
    ¶1.  The International Organization for Migration (IOM) and
    the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR)
    co-hosted the second annual regional seminar in Nassau, The
    Bahamas on November 8-12, 2004.    Entitled "Contingency
    Planning for Mixed Migratory Flows in the Caribbean:
    Effective Practices and Tools for the Future", the conference
    touched on migration issues such as contingency planning,
    registration of migrants, medical screening, and refugee
    status determination as they pertain to the region.  Perhaps
    the biggest accomplishment of the seminar was to have most
    country representatives express not only the desirability but
    also the urgency to have contingency plans for mass migration
    in place.  End Summary

    Mass Migration Plans
    - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    ¶2.  Delegates from twenty countries in the Caribbean came
    together to discuss common concerns and share ideas for
    contingency planning efforts in case of a potential mass
    migration due to political crisis or disaster-related
    emergencies in the area.  The seminar brought together
    natural disaster planners, officials from immigration and
    foreign ministries of 20 Caribbean countries, and UNHCR
    "honorary liaisons," as well as representatives from observer
    countries.  Participants found that the problems and issues
    on mass migration and natural disaster planning discussed
    during the first conference in December 2003 came to fruition
    with the political crisis in Haiti and the hurricane season
    in 2004.  These crises made the countries take a good look at
    their internal systems for coping with disasters and realize
    that they need assistance to set up a system within their
    country disaster plans to deal with mass migration
    emergencies.  The seminar was well received, with
    participating government officials urging one another not to
    be complacent and to put structures in place to respond to
    mass migrations, as they realized that their country could be
    affected by such a crisis next.

    ¶3.  In part due to UNHCR,s and IOM efforts, and in part due
    to the events earlier this year, government representatives
    who expressed little interest in developing contingency plans
    of mass migration two years ago, were now sharing
    recommendations with other Caribbean countries, identifying
    shortcomings in planning preparedness, and even recommending
    that the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency (CDERA)
    add plans for mass migration to its contingency plan for
    natural disaster.  At the same time, these countries are
    keenly aware of their limited resources and capacities, not
    only to develop such plans but more importantly to absorb and
    deal with a real crisis.

    ¶4.  Several panel discussions revolved around the experiences
    of Caribbean countries affected by the Haitian crisis earlier
    this year. Participants benefited from hearing the very real
    situations confronted by the various agencies and services of
    the receiving countries.  In discussions on effective
    management of crises, participants identified some existing
    strengths in internal coordination and networking, in meeting
    basic needs, in status determination, and regional agreements
    and exchanges.  Areas of weakness included lack of
    legislation, cultural and language barriers, and the fact
    that more than a few migrants quickly becomes a crisis.
    Again, the issue of preparedness and potential impact of
    dealing with what would seem to be small number of in-coming
    migrants, underlined the need for capacity building
    assistance for these small island nations.

    ¶5.  Delegates also had a chance to participate in workshops
    focused on issues such as public health related to mass
    migration, the protection of migrant workers, border
    security, refugee status determination and the quality of
    asylum during separate workshop sessions.  Participants
    engaged in role-play, sub-regional working groups to discuss
    tools for effective management and protection during mixed
    migratory flows.

    ¶6.  Strengths, weaknesses and opportunities for improvement
    on response mechanisms were addressed.  Delegates identified
    the need to coordinate not only on a regional basis but also
    internally within their own governments.  Many agreed there
    were no mechanisms in place for a quick response.  Although
    Haiti and Grenada were used as case studies for most of the
    discussions, governments agreed that similar situations could
    occur in their own countries.   This realization that influx
    could potentially happen to nearly any Caribbean country and
    the need to prepare for it, is exactly the result the USG
    hoped for in supporting these joint IOM/UNHCR seminars over
    the past few years. Other migration issues such as
    refugees/asylum seekers, legal/illegal migrants, trafficking
    victims, and smuggled migrants were also on the agenda.
    Although the countries involved recognized that they had come
    along way since last year,s seminar, they also realized that
    they still have a long way to go before they are able to
    manage migration within their region.  Delegates, conscious
    of the connection between migration management and
    national/regional security, requested continuing assistance
    and training from UNHCR and IOM to manage their own borders
    while recognizing the human rights of refugees and migrants.

    Common Themes
    - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    ¶7.  Common themes and concerns emerged over the course of the
    conference from several of the countries across the region.
    Although many of the countries in the southeastern region of
    the Caribbean do not face the same fears of massive influxes
    of Haitian migrants, even small numbers of illegal migrants
    can still wreak havoc on these tiny island nations.  Several
    countries described the migration to their countries as a
    &trickle8 Delegates seemed to agree that part of their
    emergency action plans for natural disasters need to include
    instructions on how to handle detained migrants.

    ¶8.  Examples of common concerns regarding migration were
    varied dependent upon the location of the country, and the
    likelihood for mass influxes.  Nevertheless, most topics were
    of interest to all delegates.  Multiple participants queried
    the panels for insight on whether or not to use schools for
    shelters during a mass influx of migrants or a natural
    disaster, as this often causes long delays in the opening of
    schools.  Many delegates also voiced concern over how to
    handle migrants who are known to have criminal records.  The
    prohibitive cost of establishing temporary housing for
    migrants and their repatriation is overwhelming to small
    island nations.

    Who Participated?
    - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    ¶9.  The seminar welcomed the current Consul General from U.S.
    Consulate Monterey, Luis Moreno, who recently completed his
    tour as DCM in Port au Prince.  CG Moreno has considerable
    experience with migration issues in the region, and shared
    his insights on the panel involving early warning and
    monitoring systems.  In addition, he was able to answer some
    of the questions and comments put forth by the Cuban
    delegates to the conference with regards to bilateral
    migration agreements by saying there are no formal
    arrangements, but the U.S. makes semi-regular repatriations
    to Cuba in coordination with the Interest Section in Havana.
    The United States Coast Guard also sent a spokesman, Orsini
    Louis, the Assistant Chief of the Law Enforcement Office, to
    discuss the reception and registration of migrants on Coast
    Guard cutters in the Caribbean.  U.S. Embassy officials and
    PRM program officers also attended the seminar.

    ¶10.  Representatives from twenty countries in the region were
    present at this conference to share their country,s
    experience with migration.  Although questions and
    conversations gravitated to the topic of outflows of Haitians
    through certain countries to the United States, all
    participants took away valuable information on how to manage
    the needs and the costs of illegal migrants.  Perhaps the
    most important aspects of this seminar were to raise
    awareness of the variety of issues that need to be addressed
    before the migrant arrives, and it also formed an informal
    network for the delegates to contact one another for
    information sharing.

    ¶11.  In his opening statement, Vincent Peet, Minister of
    Labor and Immigration welcomed everyone to the seminar
    co-organized by IOM and UNHCR and which benefited from the
    assistance of the Bahamian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and
    the Department of Immigration and Disaster Planning
    represented by the National Emergency Management Agency
    (NEMA).   Minister Peet spoke of the rise in international
    migration and the urgency to address the impact of this trend
    on national economies, the need to develop contingency plans
    for mass outflows, concerns for refugee and asylum seekers,
    the challenges of border management and security
    (biometrics), and the highly disturbing phenomenon of
    trafficking in persons.  He highlighted the long-standing
    relationship of the Bahamas with UNHCR and IOM.  UNHCR has
    worked closely with The Bahamas on matters pertaining to
    potential asylum seekers and refugees, and detainees in the
    Detention Center.  IOM has several capacity-building
    migration management projects underway in the Bahamas, and
    has assisted the Bahamas with the voluntary repatriation of a
    number of Asian and African nationals. IOM,s support
    resulted in the Bahamas application for full IOM membership,
    which was approved at the eighty-eighth session of the IOM
    Council in Geneva, on November 30, 2004.

    Plea for Haiti Speech
    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    ¶12.  At the end of the seminar, Haiti,s Ambassador Louis
    Harold Joseph requested floor time to address the
    participants.  He thanked nations and international
    organizations for intervening in Haiti to help stabilize the
    country and to bring aid to the victims of the floods and
    hurricanes.  He spoke of the Haitian government's awareness
    of the potential problems caused by sudden exodus of Haitian
    nationals to other countries in the region, as well as
    Haiti,s commitment to respect commitments made by previous
    governments on migratory issues.  Ambassador Joseph said that
    while insecurity in Haiti is often attributed to political
    strife, it is important to stress that it also finds roots in
    social and economic problems such as urban banditry, drug
    trafficking, and the despair of unemployed youth.  He noted
    that Haiti has seen no significant growth in twenty-five
    years, while population grows at an annual rate of 1.5% (life
    expectancy is 53 years, infant mortality is 8%, HIV/AIDS
    affects 5% of the population, and only 68% of the children
    benefit from primary education).  He concluded by saying that
    while the democratic process is under way in Haiti with
    renewed dialogue among government, political parties and
    civil society, success is contingent on the realization of
    promises made by the international community to assist Haiti.

    Visit to Nassau Detention Center
    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --
    ¶13.  Political Officer, PRM program officers, CG Moreno,
    UNHCR and IOM staff took a tour of the controversial migrant
    detention center in Nassau during a break from the
    conference.  The detention center has been criticized in
    Amnesty International reports and other human rights
    organizations for inhumane practices and human rights abuses
    in the past year.  (See Reftels).  Although there were no
    obvious signs of abuse, the center does suffer from lack of
    funding and possible mismanagement.  The female detainees
    complained about the inadequate provision of meals and the
    lack of milk for the children.  Some Cuban women were
    pleading not to be returned to Cuba.  While lack of timely
    meals was brought up by and echoed by several detainees, as
    well as unwillingness to be returned, there was no mention of
    beatings. The water purification project funded by the
    Ambassador,s Fund was not yet completed at the time of the
    visit due to an additional need for a water pump.  The
    government officials at the facility believed that they could
    provide the contractors with a used water pump to improve the
    system.

    ROOD

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