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### Viewing cable 05PARIS8128, Corrected Copy -- NATO Tour for Young French

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05PARIS8128 | 2005-11-30 14:10 | 2011-08-24 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Paris

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 PARIS 008128

    SIPDIS

    STATE FOR EUR/PPD

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: KIRC KPAO OIIP OTRA FR NATO EUN
    SUBJECT: Corrected Copy -- NATO Tour for Young French
    Political Leaders - October 13-14, 2005

    ¶1. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY:  The future shape of NATO as
    well as its ability to ensure collective security and co-
    exist with an independent European defense have been the
    subject of discussions in French political and media circles
    for some time.  At an illustrative debate at the French
    Senate last year, two members of the French Foreign Affairs,
    Defense and Armed Forces Committee were particularly
    critical of NATO.  Former Senator and member of the
    Commission, Jean-Yves Autexier, stated that "NATO is not a
    security alliance, but a tool for global American strategy.
    in this it is an obstacle for European Defense."  Helene
    Luc, Vice-president of the Committee said: "We should look
    at things honestly. NATO represents the American dominance
    of European defense."  Their comments represent an example
    of one French mindset.

    ¶2. Given these types of French apprehensions, the Mission
    takes full advantage of NATO tours for select participants
    to broaden their knowledge of defense issues.  The Public
    Affairs Section recently arranged for a NATO tour for
    emerging political leaders, both left and right of center,
    and their tour highlighted NATO and European defense as
    compatible, not antithetical. The day at the Joint Force
    Command headquarters brought home that NATO is first and
    foremost a military alliance as opposed to a political
    organization.  The French participants, mostly staff aides
    on Foreign Affairs and Defense Committees at the French
    Senate and National Assembly selected by Embassy Paris,
    praised the tour for deepening their understanding of NATO,
    the role of the Joint Force Command, and the importance of
    collective defense to meet the challenges of the 21st
    century.  End Introduction and Summary.

    DAY ONE

    ¶3. NATO headquarters: USNATO's Deputy Chief of Mission, John
    Koening, began the day of briefings with an overview of both
    the U.S.'s role in NATO and France's contributions to the
    Alliance. He noted that the U.S. and France share a common
    understanding of the strategic threats and most priorities,
    but differ over the role of NATO in addressing our common
    challenges.  Where Iraq is concerned, he noted that we
    appreciated the France's contributions to stability and
    reconstruction, but believed that France should reconsider
    its refusal so far to contribute forces to the NATO Training
    Mission and the ar-Rustamiyah center in Iraq." The DCM
    detailed U.S. involvement in various peacekeeping missions,
    including Afghanistan and the Sudan. He outlined how NATO
    coordinates humanitarian efforts and gave the example of the
    strategic air bridge to Pakistan that assisted the victims
    of the devastating earthquake earlier that month.

    ¶4. The French Ambassador to NATO, Richard Duque, accompanied
    by his deputy welcomed the group to the French Mission to
    NATO. Ambassador Duque began the briefing with a history of
    France's involvement in NATO and the withdrawal from NATO's
    integrated military structure in 1966. He underscored that
    the fact that France does not belong to the integrated
    military structure is no longer an issue for France or for
    its allies, and in no way hinders France's ability to fully
    cooperate in NATO operations. The Ambassador described NATO
    as an "instrument of stabilization" and touched on NATO
    transformation, a term he said he finds "mysterious," but
    recognizes that it is  in the interest of France to promote
    greater interoperability. Ambassador Duque touched on the
    "ambiguous attitude" of the U.S. with regard to the EU,
    saying that the U.S. wants a strong Europe, but only within
    the Alliance.  NATO, he added, allows the U.S. to have a
    presence in Europe and an independent European defense would
    undermine this. The newest members to NATO are, according to
    Ambassador Duque, adverse to an independent European defense
    because they are intent on maintaining their strategic
    alliance with the U.S. and are generally wary of the EU.
    Finally, he suggested that the U.S. is not as present as it
    once was in NATO because today it is looking for more
    flexibility with the various ad hoc coalitions it has
    established in Afghanistan or Iraq for example.

    ¶5. The Counselor for the Portuguese Delegation to NATO,
    Andre Melo Bandeira, gave a briefing in French on the
    Mediterranean Dialogue and the Istanbul Cooperative
    Initiative that was very well received. Mr. Bandeira
    discussed the Broader Middle East Initiative emphasizing the
    difficulty in determining the boundaries of the Broader
    Middle East. He also spoke about Turkey's membership bid to
    the EU and again of the difficulty in defining the political
    and geographical boundaries of Europe. This briefing was
    followed by a discussion on NATO in Afghanistan and the
    challenges facing NATO in that region.  This discussion was
    led by Colonel Andrew Budd of the Strategic Policy and
    Concepts Branch of the NATO International Military
    Committee. In a frank presentation of the situation in
    Afghanistan, Colonel Budd regretted a lack of planning ahead
    on the part of NATO and SHAPE in Afghanistan. He said that
    this lack of vision is responsible for the problems that
    ISAF has experienced since 2004 and added that the massive
    sending of troops to the region was not the right solution.
    The fact that NATO commits to operations such as the ISAF
    mission in Afghanistan without sufficient attention to the
    "end state" is NATO's principal weakness, said Colonel Budd.
    He described the logistical problems that slow down both the
    reconstruction of the country as well as its stabilization.
    He explained the purpose of the Provincial Reconstruction
    Teams (PRTs) that are made up of military and civilian
    personnel and sent to remote regions to extend the authority
    of the Afghan central government, promote and enhance
    security, and facilitate humanitarian relief and
    reconstruction operations. He warned, however, of the
    dangers that the PRTs face, being isolated and at the mercy
    of local warlords.

    ¶6. The working lunch was an occasion to discuss NATO-EU
    relations. Overall, briefers and guests agreed that France
    and the U.S. are more aligned than separate and that NATO
    and the EU generally speak with one voice. The briefing
    after lunch continued the discussion on NATO and the EU with
    a debate on the adaptability of the Berlin Plus agreement
    and whether or not Berlin Plus is the best way for the EU
    and NATO to work together. The example of Darfur was put
    forth as an instance where Berlin Plus does not work. The
    discussion also focused on the efforts that remain to be
    made toward greater interoperability between the NATO
    Response Force and the EU Battle Groups. The final briefing
    in French, by the Deputy Public Affairs Officer for USNATO,
    provided the group with a chance to recap the information
    that they had gathered over the course of the day and ask
    some final policy-related questions.

    DAY TWO

    ¶7.  Brunssum - Joint Force Command Headquarters: The Press
    and Information Officer gave an extremely well-presented and
    informative presentation of JFC and its place within NATO's
    military structure. The group came away from this briefing
    with a broader view of JFC's organization, its mission range
    and its operational priorities. The briefer gave an overview
    of JFC's command of the NATO Response and ISAF operations in
    Afghanistan. The preparations for the upcoming exercise in
    Cape Verde, "Steadfast Jaguar," were outlined and the JFC
    Press Officer highlighted the extent of the challenges that
    face NATO because of the need to be operational quickly in
    any part of the world. Part of the briefing was devoted to
    NATO Transformation and what this means for the future of
    the Alliance. The participants' questions focused, for the
    most part, on Afghanistan and consequences on the ground of
    combining the commands of the NATO-led International
    Security Assistance Force (ISAF) peacekeeping operation
    with the U.S-led Operation Enduring Freedom. France has been
    outwardly opposed to combining these two operations and the
    group reflected this position.  The briefer stressed the
    danger of confusing peacekeeping and the war on terror. At
    the end of the day the group was unanimously enthusiastic
    about the day in Brunssum noting, however, that this
    briefing, which dealt with the operational and technical
    details of NATO missions ideally should have come before the
    day-long briefings at NATO headquarters that focused on
    policy and the decision-making aspect of NATO.

    ¶8. CONCLUSION: The participants were extremely impressed by
    the quality of the briefings as well as by the briefers.
    Discussions in the train returning to Paris focused on the
    tour's usefulness in dispelling a common notion in France
    that NATO is an ageing institution that has become quasi-
    obsolete since the end of the Cold War. Instead,
    participants came away with a sense of NATO's adaptability,
    both in its peace-keeping and peace enforcement operations,
    and its new function in the war on terrorism. End Conclusion
    STAPLETON

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