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### Viewing cable 05ANKARA862, SENIOR BIOTECH ADVISOR'S MEETINGS WITH

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05ANKARA862 | 2005-02-15 11:37 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Ankara

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

    151137Z Feb 05

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 ANKARA 000862

    SIPDIS

    DEPT FOR EB/TPP/ABT, IIP/T/ES, EUR/SE
    USTR FOR LERRION/BPECK
    USDOC FOR ITA/MAC/DDEFALCO
    USDA FOR FAS/OA/BIG BSIMMONS, PSPENCER, JPPASSINO

    SENSITIVE

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: EAGR ETRD TBIO KPAO TU
    SUBJECT:  SENIOR BIOTECH ADVISOR'S MEETINGS WITH
    TURKISH OFFICIALS AND AGRIBUSINESS

    Ref: 2004 Ankara 6772

    Summary
    -------

    ¶1.   (SBU) In meetings with GOT officials and private
    sector organizations, State's Senior Agricultural
    Biotech Advisor raised U.S. concerns about the
    potential of Turkey's draft biosafety law to hinder
    trade and development, and provided an overview of
    U.S. biotechnology policies, particularly with respect
    to the EU's regulatory approach.  GOT interlocutors
    stressed that the draft law was being developed with
    extensive stakeholder input, and that it would be
    submitted to Parliament by the end of March.  However,
    business representatives believe that in its current
    form the legislation could have disastrous
    consequences not only for trade, but for Turkish
    agribusiness.  Business representatives suggested that
    high-profile USG advocacy on this issue could be
    counterproductive.  USDA/FAS comments were passed to
    key officials in the Ministry of Agriculture and
    Parliament.  Embassy recommends that Washington
    agencies again review the draft law specifically for
    consistency with Turkey's WTO commitments. End
    Summary.

    ¶2. (U) Madelyn Spirnak, State's Senior Advisor for
    Agricultural Biotechnology met with GOT officials,
    parliamentarians, local farm and trade associations,
    academic and industry representatives in Ankara and
    Istanbul January 31 - February 3 to discuss the
    current status of Turkey's biosafety regulations and
    to promote science-based, pro-development policies in
    this area.  Accompanied by FAS and ECON, Spirnak met
    with the Agriculture Undersecretary, three
    parliamentarians on the Agriculture Committee, the
    Head of Department of the Agricultural Research
    General Directorate (TAGEM), the Vice President of the
    Scientific and Technical Research Institute (TUBITAK);
    senior officials of the Treasury U/S responsible for
    investment policy; and officials at the Environment
    Ministry and the State Planning Organization.  She
    also met with former International Visitor Program
    participants, Fulbright alumni and other academics;
    representatives of the poultry, seed, feed
    associations; the farmers' union; U.S. agribusiness;
    the Turkish Industrialists and Businessmen's
    Association (TUSIAD); and gave an interview to Turkish
    daily Referans, published on February 5.

    ¶3. (SBU) In these meetings, Spirnak raised USG
    concerns about aspects of Turkey's draft biosafety
    regulation which could hinder trade and development.
    She provided an update on the U.S. case in the WTO
    against the EU biotechnology moratorium, and explained
    U.S. concerns on European traceability and labeling
    regulations.  Emphasizing the important role
    agricultural biotechnology can play in encouraging
    environmentally-friendly economic growth, Spirnak
    provided an overview of global biotechnology trends,
    including increases in cultivation and new studies on
    the benefits of biotechnology to developing country
    farmers.

    TURKEY'S BIOTECH LAW NEARING COMPLETION
    ---------------------------------------

    ¶4. (SBU) According to GOT officials, Turkish biosafety
    legislation will soon be sent to the Prime Minister's
    Office, and then to the Parliament.  GOT and trade
    sources expect the law to be sent in its current form
    to the Parliament by the end of March.  The
    Agriculture U/S and Vehbi Eser, a Head of Department
    within TAGEM and the Chair of the Interagency Biotech
    Committee, stressed that the GOT was going to great
    lengths to take into account the views of all
    stakeholders by posting the draft law on the Internet
    and holding a series of outreach meetings around
    Turkey to discuss it.  Eser pointed out provisions in
    the draft law which would fast-track biotech
    applications for products approved by foreign
    regulatory authorities, including those in the U.S.
    Note:  FAS has emailed copies of the latest draft of
    the legislation to Washington agencies.  End Note.

    ¶5. (SBU) Other agencies also shared their views.  An
    expert in the State Planning Office stressed that, in
    drafting the law, the GOT was attempting not only to
    implement the Cartagena Protocol, but also to
    incorporate elements of relevant EU directives and to
    protect biodiversity in Turkey.  Tubitak's Vice
    President hinted that his agency was reluctant to take
    a high profile position on an issue as controversial
    as biotech, although it was supporting some limited
    research.  Treasury's Deputy U/S expressed interest in
    learning more about the developmental benefits of
    adopting biotech and the potential fiscal cost of the
    new law's extensive testing requirements.  They asked
    for copies of USDA/FAS comments on the draft law and
    said they would be more active in interagency
    discussions.

    Law's Impact on Trade and Turkish Agriculture
    ---------------------------------------------

    ¶6. (U) Business representatives were very concerned
    about several aspects of the current biosafety draft.
    They maintained that, despite GOT assurances to the
    contrary, the legislation will disrupt trade and all
    agricultural industries.  If strictly implemented,
    industry sources indicated that the feed and poultry
    industry will not be able to operate.  The legislation
    even threatens to disrupt the importation of
    conventional parent seeds due to the excessive
    liability provisions and expected extremely low
    tolerance levels for adventitious presence (industry
    reports a 0.3 percent AP level).

    ¶7. (SBU) Industry is scrambling to lobby the GOT with
    their concerns and to prevent the creation of an
    autonomous biotechnology agency in the Turkish
    Government.  In the meantime, anti-biotech groups are
    complaining that the law is too lenient and will allow
    GMOs to flood the country.  Optimistic observers hope
    that Parliament may not act on the measure immediately
    or may make significant changes to the law.  Industry
    representatives, speaking through their food
    manufacturers association, thanked Spirnak and the
    Embassy for lobbying to date, but requested that the
    USG refrain from continued intensive activity on the
    issue lest those actions become counterproductive -
    both politically and in terms of public perception.

    Background on Legislation
    -------------------------

    ¶8. (U) The drafting of the biosafety legislation has
    been in progress for over one year, and was initiated
    by Turkey's signing of the Cartagena Biosafety
    Protocol.  Unfortunately, Turkey's official expertise
    in the sector  appears to be limited to one key
    individual - the Head of Dept of the Biotechnology
    Group at TAGEM - who has controlled the direction and
    restrictive nature of the legislation and is expected
    to angle for the position of head of the new
    biotechnology agency  While claiming that the law is
    based on the U.S. risk assessment principles as well
    as EU Directives, there are several elements of the
    law that are intended to satisfy a small yet vocal
    group of anti-GMO NGOs.  For example, liability and
    penalty provisions in the law specify that importers
    and handlers of GMOS are liable for any environmental
    or health claims up to 30 years after the product is
    introduced.  Penalty provisions are likewise quite
    strict and would prevent most businessmen and farmers
    from signing all of the various applications and
    permits required.

    ¶9. (U) Since the law creates an independent biosafety
    agency, industry is rightly concerned that the
    bureaucratic burden of applications, permits and
    testing will be time consuming and expensive and they
    worry about possibilities for corruption.  The fee
    structure laid out in the law is quite excessive.  In
    addition to the various application and testing fees,
    the law allows for a 0.03 percent fee levied on all
    imports of materials developed through biotechnology.

    Comment/Action Recommendation
    -----------------------------

    ¶10. (U) Ms. Spirnak's visit, including her outreach to
    the press, business, and parliamentarians, was very
    useful in helping Post broaden the vigorous debate on
    the draft law and educate potential stakeholders about
    how their interests could be advantaged through
    biotechnology or disadvantaged through a restrictive,
    non-science based regulatory process.  The emotional
    public discussion of this subject remains, however,
    deeply distorted by misinformation and disinformation.

    ¶11. (SBU) Embassy FAS, Economic and Public Affairs
    sections will continue to work with constituents to
    provide updated and accurate information relevant to
    biotechnology. We appreciate the Department's decision
    to fund a U.S. speaker through EB and IIP on the
    developmental and environmental benefits of adopting
    science-based biotech policies, and look forward to
    the Department's suggestions on possible candidates.
    We will also approach TUBITAK's "Bilim ve Teknik"
    popular monthly science magazine about the possibility
    of providing information for an article on some
    positive aspect of agricultural biotechnology.
    Embassy recommends that Washington agencies again
    review Turkey's draft biosafety law specifically for
    compliance with WTO commitments as soon as possible
    and provide talking points for use with GOT and
    parliamentary officials.

    ¶12. (U) The Senior Agricultural Biotechnology Advisor
    has cleared this cable.
    Edelman

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