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### Viewing cable 05ISTANBUL403, MARMARA GROUP REFLECTIONS ON PRESIDENT ASSAD AND

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05ISTANBUL403 | 2005-03-14 12:18 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Consulate Istanbul

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 ISTANBUL 000403

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PREL SY TU
    SUBJECT: MARMARA GROUP REFLECTIONS ON PRESIDENT ASSAD AND
    SYRIAN SOCIETY AFTER DAMASCUS VISIT

    REF: FEB. 18 SMITH - DEUTSCH E-MAIL

    ¶1. (SBU) Summary: A delegation of Marmara Group (Strategic
    and Social Research Foundation, founded in 1985) members
    visiting Damascus February 20-24 was impressed with President
    Assad's stated interest in promoting positive relations with
    Turkey and the U.S., but sensed the Syrian bureaucracy was
    resistant.  Briefing CG Arnett March 4 on the delegation's
    visit to Damascus on Feb. 20-24, Foundation President Suver
    said President Assad flatly denied responsibility for the
    Hariri assassination and rejected labelling Syria as a
    terrorist state. In contrast to Assad's apparent openness to
    the West, Suver noted that the Syrian bureaucracy resembled
    that of a former Iron Curtain country.  The Turkish
    delegation was also struck by the relatively undeveloped
    infrastructure, contrasted with the seemingly advanced social
    climate, including young single Syrian women smoking water
    pipes and drinking wine in public, coed cafes.  End summary.

    ¶2. (SBU)  Dr. Akkan Suver, President of the Marmara
    Foundation, accompanied by Foundation member Ogan Soysal,
    briefed CG Arnett March 4 on the February 20-24 trip to
    Damascus of a Marmara Foundation delegation, ostensibly to
    participate in a university conference.  The group included
    four MPs: AKP MPs Yuksel Cavusoglu (head of the parliamentary
    friendship group), Sait Acba, and Hikmet Ozdemir, and CHP MP
    Abdulaziz Yazar;  Bilgi University Professor Ilter Turan;
    former MP and Higher Education Minister Ambassador Ertugrul
    Kuyumcuoglu; Sabah correspondent Yavuz Durat; and Yeditepe
    University professor Nedret Kuran Burcoglu.  The Syrian
    Consul General in Turkey had organized the trip.  Prior to
    their trip on February 18, CG had briefed delegation
    participants on issues relating to Syria, emphasizing U.S.
    concerns regarding Syria's support for terrorism, failure to
    control the border with Iraq, and Lebanon.  Suver confirmed
    to the CG March 4 that the delegation had pursued all three
    issues during their visit and their meeting with President
    Assad.

    ¶3. (SBU)  Suver described at length the group's meeting with
    President Assad, who spent an hour and a half with the
    delegation.  Marmara Group characterized Assad as tense,
    given recent events in Lebanon, yet open to discussion with
    the group and to relations with the West. Suver called Assad
    a young and open man, who wants to open a new window in
    international relations.  According to Suver, President Assad
    told a joke about a "genie," who declared in the punchline
    that it would be easier to build a solid bridge between
    Washington and Damascus than to reform the Syrian
    bureaucracy.  The Marmara Foundation delegation had the
    impression that Syria was under the old Iron Curtain.

    ¶4. (SBU) Assad flatly denied that Syria was responsible for
    Hariri's assassination -- just as he rejected the accusation
    that Syria is a terrorist state.  The delegation commented to
    Assad that democracy is a good thing -- but there is a cost
    for it.  If Syria were truly ready for democracy, was he
    ready to get out of Lebanon?

    ¶5. (SBU) Assad said directly that Syria wants to expand its
    relations with Turkey -- a directness, Suver opined,
    indicating that Assad may have felt guilty about the recent
    events in Lebanon.  Suver noted that while professing to pull
    troops back in accordance with international democratic
    practices, the Syrians' visa regulations, for example,
    perpetuate a lack of intention to make peace with neighbors
    (viz. the practice of confiscating passports of Syrians with
    Israeli visas).  Suver emphasized to Assad the importance of
    maintaining communication with nations with which a country
    has not had diplomatic relations; for example, Turkey still
    is in active communication with Armenian officials, via the
    lobbying office in Washington.   According to Suver, Assad
    listened.  Assad was also concerned about PKK threats to
    Syrian diplomats serving in Turkey.

    ¶6. (SBU) The delegation's tour of Damascus included a new
    suburb, similar to Oran in Ankara, and a visit to the
    Syrianic Patriarch Yusuf Ater in his new residence.  Nearly
    adjacent to the modern five-star hotel in the heart of
    Damascus where the delegation stayed was a makeshift military
    camp built of tin structures3w that the delegation assumed
    with surprise to be the site of a terrorist training camp,
    given the civilian Arab garb of the gun-toting occupants.
    Suver commented that much of the city seemed a bit shabby,
    similar to Turkey in the 1950's.  In contrast, the delegation
    found the social climate surprisingly advanced, observing
    Syrian girls as young as 15 drinking wine and smoking water
    pipes in cafes with men.  In addition, the delegation also
    learned that it was also acceptable for single Syrian women
    to invite men to their homes alone.
    ¶7. (SBU) Suver noted that the Marmara Foundation had received
    a similar invitation to attend an academic conference in
    Tehran, and that he would call on the Consul General in
    advance to discuss U.S. policy views on Iran.

    ¶8. (SBU) Comment: The Marmara Foundation delegation was
    clearly struck by President Assad's openness, but detected
    that his personalized and flattering reception of the group
    may have been intended to hide his guilt about the recent
    events in Lebanon and support for terrorist groups.  Their
    sense of the contradictions within Asad were mirrored by the
    striking contrast they saw between the 50's era
    infrastructure and the apparently liberal social mores.  End
    Comment.
    ARNETT

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