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### Viewing cable 05ANKARA903, TIP IN TURKEY: TURKISH MEDIA ATTENTION, Feb 11-15,

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05ANKARA903 | 2005-02-17 07:50 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Ankara

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 06 ANKARA 000903

    SIPDIS

    DEPARTMENT FOR G/TIP, G, INL, DRL, EUR/PGI, EUR/SE
    DEPARTMENT FOR VALERIE KWOK USAID E&E/ECA

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PREL KCRM PHUM KWMN SMIG KFRD PREF TU TIP IN TURKEY
    SUBJECT: TIP IN TURKEY: TURKISH MEDIA ATTENTION, Feb 11-15,
    2005

    ¶1. (U) In response to G/TIP inquiries, national and
      international media sources published the following news
      articles about TIP in Turkey.  Text of articles
      originally published in Turkish is provided through
      unofficial local FSN translation.

    ¶2. (U) Published Sunday, February 13 by the Turkish Daily
    News; http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/:

        TITLE: Turkey eyes 'model' success in human trafficking
        fight; By Fatma Demirelli

        BEGIN TEXT: ANKARA - Turkish Daily News

        On Jan. 11, Turkish newspapers published the appalling
        story of a 21-year-old Ukrainian woman, identified as
        Tatyana Litvinenko, who was rescued in a police raid on
        an Istanbul brothel, where she was forced into
        prostitution. The woman, reported the newspapers, came
        to Turkey in July of last year when she was seven
        months pregnant in hope of working as a babysitter
        before she ended up in the hands of a transnational
        human trafficking gang operating the brothel. Her
        captors were not moved by her plea that she could not
        have sex because of her pregnancy. A week after she
        gave birth to her baby, one of the captors pushed
        chewing gum into the baby's mouth and killed it because
        the mother was spending too much time taking care of
        the kid, rather than the clients.

        Tatyana is one of dozens of desperate women, mostly
        from former Soviet bloc countries, where unemployment
        is high and opportunities are few, coming to Turkey in
        hope of changing their lives for the better but
        eventually ending up being trafficked by crime gangs
        primarily for the purpose of sexual exploitation. Over
        the last few years, trafficking in persons, women in
        particular, has grown at an alarming rate in the region
        and Turkey, as a preferred destination, has had its
        share from the surging crime.

        Vast economic opportunities that are further increasing
        in parallel to growing prospects for eventual European
        Union membership and ensuing stability, geographic
        proximity and a liberal visa regime have attracted
        increasingly many would-be migrants from Eastern Europe
        and former Soviet bloc countries in search of better
        living conditions to Turkey over the past years. This
        situation, in turn, is heavily exploited by human
        traffickers, who sometimes lure young women with
        promises of regular employment but which ultimately
        results in forced prostitution, debt and various forms
        of abuse including forced confinement, control of
        personal documents and passports and threats.

        Estimates of how many people are being trafficked in
        Turkey are difficult to locate. A total of 262 people
        were identified as victims of trafficking by the
        Turkish police and gendarmerie in 2004, a figure that
        officials say is only the "tip of the iceberg."

        Ready to take the challenge: Turkish authorities say
        they are aware of the problem and are prepared to
        accept the challenge to make Turkey the country dealing
        most effectively with the problem of human trafficking
        in the region. Pressure on Ankara to improve anti-
        trafficking efforts has increased in recent years in
        connection with its bid to join the European Union.
        Ankara admits international pressure but says its
        growing efforts are guided by a desire to combat one of
        the worst forms of human trafficking rather than simply
        to respond to an outside demand.

        "We, as Turkey, are aiming at becoming a model country
        in the Caucasus, the Balkans and the Middle East in
        terms of combating human trafficking," taking the most
        advanced measures among the countries of the region,
        said Ambassador Murat Ersavci, the director-general for
        consular affairs at the Foreign Ministry, who also
        heads a national task force in charge of coordinating
        anti-trafficking efforts. "Our efforts towards this
        goal are very serious."

        In an annual report examining the situation in world
        countries in the fight against human trafficking, the
        U.S. State Department placed Turkey in Tier 3, the
        worst category of countries that do not comply with the
        minimum standards and are not making significant
        efforts to do so in its report in 2003. That assessment
        improved in the 2004 report, which placed Turkey on the
        Tier 2 watch list for its determination to make
        significant efforts at combating trafficking, waiting
        to see implementation of the pledged steps for a
        possible upgrade to Tier 2.

        Ersavci said Turkey hoped to be moved to Tier 2 in the
        2005 report, expected to be released in the coming
        months, with the eventual goal of joining the Tier 1
        countries.

        The Organization for International Migration (IOM),
        which Turkey joined as a full member in November 2004,
        is hopeful that Turkey is set for a better assessment
        after all the progress it has recently achieved.

        Commending the increasing efficiency of Turkish law
        enforcement authorities in identifying and referring
        victims of human trafficking to the IOM for assistance,
        Marielle Sander-Lindstrom, chief of mission of IOM's
        Turkey office, said Turkey's efforts are "fantastic."

        "To me, it proves what I thought at the beginning, that
        Turkey has so much capacity and potential to actually
        have a significant impact on human trafficking, that if
        we can support Turkey now, when we have that window of
        opportunity, then we can do something positive for the
        entire region," she said.

        Over the last couple of years Turkey has amended its
        penal code, the Law on Work Permits for Foreigners and
        the Citizenship Law, introducing a stronger legal basis
        to fight trafficking. The new Turkish Penal Code (TCK),
        which will become effective as of April of this year,
        introduces heavier punishment for traffickers, up to 12
        years in prison and a fine. Changes in the Citizenship
        Law make passage of a provisional period of three years
        compulsory before a foreigner can request Turkish
        citizenship for being married to a Turk, a step taking
        aim at the trafficking of women through false
        marriages. Through the changes in the Law on Work
        Permits, foreigners can be legally employed in some
        additional categories, including domestic service.

        In another legal step to make the fight against human
        trafficking more effective, the Interior Ministry has
        allowed a humanitarian visa for identified victims of
        human trafficking if they do not want to return home
        immediately or if they agree to testify against
        traffickers in court.

        Turkish authorities, working in cooperation with the
        IOM, have also organized a number of training sessions
        for law enforcement officers, the police and
        gendarmerie, and judicial personnel to raise awareness
        on trafficking and give them skills to identify a
        victim of human trafficking, the very first step in
        dealing with the problem.

        Sander-Lindstrom said the number of victims referred to
        IOM for assistance went up to 62 in 2004, a dramatic
        increase from only two in 2002, a sign of the success
        of the training. The heightened awareness among law
        enforcement personnel will also hopefully save
        trafficking victims from being "dumped" at the borders
        of the source countries as any irregular migrant, a
        practice, according to both the U.S. State Department
        and the IOM, that would leave victims vulnerable to re-
        trafficking.

        Hotline 111 for victims:

        On the more practical side, an NGO-managed shelter
        facility for victims of trafficking was set up in
        Istanbul in November, following a high-profile ceremony
        for the signing of a protocol on the establishment of
        the facility held in June and attended by then U.S.
        Secretary of State Colin Powell and Turkish Foreign
        Minister Abdullah Gul. A similar facility is planned to
        soon be operational in Ankara.
        A telephone hotline, starting with 0 800, has been put
        into service for help calls from victims of human
        trafficking. A toll-free, three-digit number, 111, will
        soon be operational to receive calls from across
        Turkey.
        The Turkish government is also in touch with those
        regional countries which most of the victims of
        trafficking come from, including Ukraine, Moldova,
        Russia, Bulgaria, Romania, Georgia and Azerbaijan. The
        interior ministries of Turkey and Belarus signed a
        memorandum of understanding on cooperation in July
        ¶2004.

        The cost of catching up:

        Despite the progress, the level of awareness among law
        enforcement bodies and the judiciary remains weak, and
        public awareness is even weaker. The "fine line"
        between forced prostitution as a victim of trafficking
        and prostitution as such is for the most part blurred
        in the eyes of the public. Victims also often lack
        access to assistance they need, such as legal and
        psychological counseling, shelter, medical assistance,
        because they are lumped together with illegal
        immigrants for not having the proper legal documents
        and in some cases dumped at the border, only to be
        reinserted into the trafficking cycle by traffickers.

        Implementation of the legal steps taken to raise
        awareness is a task that needs further effort and
        requires more financial resources. And allocating more
        money to fight against human trafficking is difficult
        for a country like Turkey, which not only faces
        trafficking but also must have enough resources to deal
        with dramatic flows of illegal migrants from Asia, the
        Middle East and Africa.

        Assisting the victims is also a huge task with a heavy
        financial cost. The IOM's advice is to build up the
        ability of NGOs to provide assistance for victims,
        including shelter, and to involve civil society in
        providing protection and health and legal assistance.

        "It's a lot to ask of Turkey," said Sander-Lindstrom,
        adding, "But Turkey is taking its responsibility as a
        destination country." END TEXT.

    ¶3. (U) Published Sunday, February 13 by the Turkish Daily
    News; http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/:

        TITLE: Campaign aims to build anti-trafficking
        capability

        BEGIN TEXT: In an attempt to boost efforts and
        capabilities for combating human trafficking through
        information and stepped-up law enforcement, the
        government last week launched the "Counter-Trafficking
        Now!" campaign. The $700,000 project is funded by the
        U.S. government and will be implemented by the
        International Organization for Migration (IOM).

        As part of the project some 100,000 women and girls
        aged 15-45 from source countries in the former Soviet
        bloc will receive leaflets with information about human
        trafficking and the number of a three-digit telephone
        hotline for emergency assistance. The leaflets will be
        in the form of passport inserts obtained upon arrival
        in Turkey.

        The project envisages providing training to 150 police
        and gendarmerie personnel on the realities and causes
        of human trafficking as well as on key laws dealing
        with the issue. Some 150 victims will also receive
        shelter and medical and other assistance as part of the
        one-year project. END TEXT.

    ¶4. (U) Published Sunday, February 13 by the Turkish Daily
    News; http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/:

        TITLE: 'Modern-day slavery' preys on the vulnerable
        BEGIN TEXT: ANKARA - Turkish Daily News

        Although its geographic location heavily exposes Turkey
        to the trafficking of persons from surrounding
        countries, it is by no means the only country suffering
        from this growing problem. The U.S. State Department
        estimates that between 600,000-800,000 men, women and
        children are trafficked across international borders as
        modern-day slaves for forced prostitution, working in
        quarries and sweatshops and in general involuntary
        servitude. Millions more are trafficked within their
        home countries.

        Economic hardship, political instability and civil war
        at home are driving forces behind the 21st century
        slave trade. The trade, in turn, feeds a global demand
        for cheap and vulnerable labor. Women and children are
        particularly vulnerable. Estimates show that of the
        600,000-800,000 people trafficked across borders each
        year, 70 percent are female and 50 percent are
        children. Traders' ploys are creative and ruthless,
        ranging from promises of marriage to regular employment
        or just a `vacation' in another country. END TEXT.

    ¶5. (U) Published Sunday, February 13 by the Turkish Daily
    News; http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/:

        TITLE: Set to work against human trafficking

        BEGIN TEXT: ANKARA - Turkish Daily News

        Responding to a pressing need to develop better ways of
        coping with one of the worst forms of human rights
        violations as well as to growing outside pressure from
        the European Union and the United States to improve its
        poor standards for dealing with the problem, Turkey is
        modifying its legislation and implementing practical
        measures to combat the growing trafficking of women
        from former Soviet countries in its territory by means
        of a nationwide undertaking.

        As the latest step in a series of efforts over the last
        couple of years, the government has launched a campaign
        to help victims of human trafficking through measures
        such as the setting up of an emergency telephone
        hotline and the distribution of leaflets to some
        100,000 women and girls aged 15-45 from former Soviet
        countries that include information about human
        trafficking. The leaflets will be in the form of
        passport inserts obtained upon arrival in Turkey.

        According to the Turkish Foreign Ministry, which
        coordinates implementation of a national Action Plan to
        fight against human trafficking, Turkey will soon
        become a "model country" in the vast region covering
        the Balkans, the Middle East and the Caucasus for its
        high efficiency in the fight against the trading of
        women, men and children for sexual and labor
        exploitation, a reproduction in the modern day of old-
        world slavery. END TEXT.

    ¶6. (U) Published Saturday, February 12 by the Turkish Daily
    News; http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/:

        TITLE: Turkey launches campaign for trafficking victims

        BEGIN TEXT: The Turkish government yesterday launched a
        campaign to help victims of human trafficking by
        setting up an emergency telephone hotline and
        distributing leaflets to some 100,000 women and girls
        aged 15-45 from former Soviet countries that include
        information about human trafficking. The leaflets will
        be in the form of passport inserts obtained upon
        arrival in Turkey.

        The $700,000 project is funded by the U.S. government
        and implemented by the International Organization for
        Migration (IOM), officials told a press conference. The
        111 line will operate 24 hours a day and will be
        staffed mainly by Russian speakers for women who are
        forced into prostitution in Turkey by organized
        trafficking gangs.

        The project is the latest in a series of steps Turkey
        has taken to improve its efforts to combat trafficking
        after it was placed on a special watch list by the U.S.
        State Department last year. The number of victims of
        trafficking were 239 in 2004 according to official
        data, but the figures may be far from reflecting the
        real situation.

        The "Counter-Trafficking Now!" campaign also includes
        plans to train Turkish law enforcement officers on the
        realities of human trafficking.

        Many women from the ex-Soviet Union, notably from Black
        Sea states such as Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia, work
        as prostitutes in Turkey, especially in Istanbul and
        the coastal resorts.

        The lucrative trade in women and children for sexual
        purposes by criminal gangs has become a major problem
        across Europe in recent years. END TEXT.

    ¶7. (U) Published Friday, February 11 by Reuters:

        BEGIN TEXT: ANKARA, Feb 11 (Reuters) - Turkey will set
        up a telephone hotline to help victims of human
        trafficking, mostly women from the former Soviet Union,
        officials said on Friday.

        The hotline will be staffed mainly by Russian speakers
        for the women who are brought to Turkey by criminal
        gangs and forced into prostitution.

        Language problems are believed to be a major obstacle
        that prevents victims from going to the police. The
        project for the "111" line, which will operate 24-hours
        a day, was funded mainly by the United States.

        Murat Ersavci of the Foreign Ministry told reporters
        the line would provide medical and psychological help.
        Official figures show 239 women were victims of
        trafficking in Turkey in 2004, up from 102 the previous
        year. But officials say they suspect these figures are
        the tip of the iceberg.

        Many women from the ex-Soviet Union, notably from Black
        Sea states such as Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia, work
        as prostitutes in Turkey, especially in Istanbul and
        the coastal resorts.

        The lucrative trade in women and children for sexual
        purposes by criminal gangs has become a major problem
        across Europe in recent years. END TEXT.

    ¶8. (U) Published Friday, February 11 by Radikal; By Hilal
    Koylu; http://www.radikal.com.tr/:

        BEGIN TEXT: Turkey, which was presented as one of the
        countries that "does not exert efforts" for prevention
        of human trafficking in the yearly report of the US
        State Department, will start a special campaign against
        human traffickers.  The campaign will be publicized
        with the slogan "end to modern slavery."

        The campaign will be conducted under the coordination
        of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and its priority
        goal shall be saving women taking "refuge" from the
        hands of human traffickers.  Within the framework of
        the campaign, new shelters in Ankara, Izmir and Antalya
        will be added to the one operating in Istanbul.

        An "emergency-help" telephone hotline to give service
        in Russian and Turkish will be activated.  The "111"
        hotline number may be used by all victims.  The IOM
        shall closely follow the campaign.  The IOM officials
        said "we will conduct the campaign with the MFA.  It is
        very important to develop a special goal and
        understanding vis-a-vis the women who suffer."  The MFA
        also said that this campaign is very important and that
        "this time all units of the state have been put into
        action."
        Turkey is viewed by both the US and the EU as good in
        "legal arrangements and protection" in the fight
        against human trafficking, but in order to eliminate
        the mishaps faced in practice it will introduce such
        campaigns frequently.
        Promising "I will improve further," Turkey prepared the
        following report card for itself in the fight against
        human trafficking:

        -Turkey is a signatory of UN Children Rights Charter.
        -The TGNA approved the UN Convention Against
        Transborder Organized Crime and Protocol on Human
        Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling.
        -Article 80 of the new Penal Code, which will enter
        into effect on April 1, defined human trafficking.  The
        punishment for human trafficking will be an 8-12 year
        jail sentence.
        -The Law on Working Permits for Foreigners has entered
        into effect.
        -In order to prevent fake marriages for the purpose of
        obtaining foreigners' work permits, a rule was
        introduced requiring five years continuous residence in
        Turkey for foreign spouses and children to be able to
        work.
        -The National Task Force to Struggle Against Human
        Trafficking was established. The organization rescued
        more than 60 women from traffickers and it established
        a shelter where victims can get legal, psychological
        and medical counsel.
        --Within the Interior Ministry a Branch Directorate on
        Human Movements was established. END TEXT.

    ¶9. (U) Published Friday, February 11 by Milliyet; By Utku
    Cakirozer; http://www.milliyet.com.tr/:

        BEGIN TEXT: With the financial support of the US
        administration, a project for the prevention of human
        trafficking and sex slavery will be started.  According
        to the project which will be publicized today, an
        "emergency assistance hotline" that women who are
        brought to Turkey from former Eastern Bloc countries
        and forced to work in the prostitution sector can call
        will be created.  In addition, shelters will be
        established for the rehabilitation of victims.  In the
        US State Department's latest human trafficking report
        in 2004, Turkey was put in the group of countries that
        are "under monitoring." END TEXT.

    EDELMAN

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