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### Viewing cable 04ANKARA1595, TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS: PROGRESS IN TURKEY

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
04ANKARA1595 | 2004-03-17 13:59 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Ankara

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 04 ANKARA 001595

    SIPDIS

    DEPARTMENT FOR G/TIP, G, INL, DRL, EUR/PGI, EUR/SE

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PREL KCRM PHUM KWMN SMIG KFRD PREF TU TIP IN TURKEY
    SUBJECT: TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS: PROGRESS IN TURKEY

    ¶1. (U) SUMMARY: G/TIP officer and Emboff met with government
    and non-government organizations in Ankara and Trabzon
    February 23-24 to explore Turkey's progress in combating
    trafficking in persons (TIP).  An MFA official  anti-TIP
    noted progress in training programs, provision of
    humanitarian visas and free medical care available to TIP
    victims.  He said the GOT has not secured funding to open
    planned shelters for TIP victims.  A Security Directorate
    representative said the GOT seeks cooperation with other
    countries in the region to combat TIP.  He also provided
    specific examples of cases where GOT authorities provided
    assistance to TIP victims.  In Trabzon, the new Chief
    Prosecutor supported the 2003 hotel raids and TIP-related
    arrests, although he said police could have handled the raid
    with "more sensitivity."  A Russian Consul in Trabzon said
    Turkey has made "huge progress" against TIP in recent years;
    unlike in past years, for the past two years no Russian women
    have complained to the Consulate about abusive treatment by
    Turkish officials. END SUMMARY.

    ---
    MFA
    ---

    ¶2. (U) Newly appointed Turkish MFA Consular Affairs Deputy
    Director Haldun Otman outlined ongoing GOT efforts to combat
    trafficking in persons (TIP), citing the GOT's progress in
    implementing a protocol signed between the Ministry of
    Interior's (MOI) Security Directorate and the Istanbul-based
    NGO Human Resource Development Foundation (HRDF).  Among
    other trafficking prevention measures, the protocol provides
    for police, prosecutor and judge training programs and the
    establishment of a regional network of service-providing
    NGOs.

    ¶3. (U) Otman also noted that the Turkish Ministry of Health
    (MOH) and Ministry of Justice (MOJ) combine to provide
    free-of-charge medical and psychological services, legal
    services, and public awareness campaigns designed to alert
    trafficking victims to available assistance.  Additional
    services to trafficking victims, Otman noted, hinge on the
    GOT's ability to obtain funding for a shelter or shelters
    that could actually provide the services.

    ¶3. (U) According to Otman, 18 trafficking victims have
    received humanitarian visas for extended stays in Turkey for
    medical attention and legal services.  Some victims also
    choose to remain in Turkey to act as witnesses in criminal
    proceedings against their traffickers.  Under recently
    enacted provisions of the Turkish Penal Code (Section 201B),
    108 plaintiffs have combined to file 37 court cases against
    126 accused traffickers.

    --------------------
    SECURITY DIRECTORATE
    --------------------

    ¶4. (U) According to Mehmet Terzioglu, the Security
    Directorate,s Head of Department for Foreigners and Border
    and Immigration Affairs, Turkey,s active membership in the
    Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe has spurred efforts
    at all levels of government to combat human trafficking.  New
    laws currently being pushed through Parliament would increase
    punishments for organized traffickers.

    ¶5. (U) Terzioglu claims prosecutors in Turkey are currently
    pursuing 63 TIP investigations.  He also noted that five
    additional investigations ultimately resulted in acquittals.
    "Since 1996," Terzioglu observed, "police have captured
    27,000 people involved in voluntary prostitution.  We know
    there's a problem, but many times victims are not ready to
    cooperate."

    ¶6. (U) As part of Turkey's proactive efforts to solicit
    counter-trafficking agreements with source country law
    enforcement agencies, Terzioglu continued, MOI plans to sign
    an open lines of communication protocol with Belarus --
    Russia, Moldova, Georgia and other source countries have not
    yet replied to similar GOT requests for cooperation.  The
    protocol designates points of contact between the two
    countries' law enforcement agencies and provides for joint
    police operations to target cross border traffickers.

    ¶7. (U) Terzioglu highlighted several TIP training and
    awareness events held within the G/TIP reporting period
    designed to introduce procedures to law enforcement and
    judiciary officials for handling potential human trafficking
    cases,  including:

    -     A seminar held during G/TIP officer,s visit and hosted
    by Turkish military police to review border enforcement
    efforts, and to train officers in detecting forged documents.
      Representative from the International Organization for
    Migration (IOM) presented TIP training portion of the seminar;

    -     A February 16-20, 2004 Expertise Training Program on
    Illegal Immigration, Human Smuggling & Counterfeiting
    sponsored by the Turkish International Academy Against Drugs
    and Organized Crime (TADOC).  TADOC staff participated in
    training exercises in Tirana, Albania.  Details about the
    training programs are available on the TADOC website at:
    http://www.tadoc.gov.tr/English;

    -     Two 2-day TIP seminars funded by the U.S. and British
    Embassies and attended by 50 chief prosecutors,
    representatives from NGO HRDF, the Ministries of Interior and
    Justice and the IOM;

    -     A January 26-30, 2004 MOI program to train judges and
    public prosecutors on methods for identifying TIP victims;

    -     A January 19-23, 2004 TADOC Regional Expertise Training
    Program On Illegal Immigration, Human Smuggling &
    Counterfeiting;

    -     The distribution of 5 major circulars to provinces
    giving criteria to Turkish law enforcement agencies to help
    appropriate officers determine between free-will prostitution
    and human trafficking;

    -     A December 18, 2003 &Combating Human Trafficking8
    panel established by the General Directorate of the Status
    and Problems of Women.  Chiefs of security, NGOs, and local
    members of the press participated in the panels;

    -     An October 2, 2003  &Introduction to Asylum Law8
    seminar for 40 judges and prosecutors in Antalya, Turkey.
    Terzioglu claims the Ministry of Justice in cooperation with
    UNHCR organized the seminar;

    -     The October 2003 adoption of anti-human trafficking
    course curriculum for Turkish military police and Turkish
    Coast Guard cadets;

    -     The establishment of victim hotlines for Turkish
    National Police (ALO 155) and for Turkish Military Police
    (156).

    ¶9. (U) Terzioglu cited 3 separate examples of human services
    for victims of trafficking:

    - On February 24, 2004, military police transferred a young
    Moldovan woman to Turkish National Police (TNP) officers.
    The victim followed an older sister, who was reportedly
    freely engaged in prostitution, to Turkey.  TNP is still
    investigating.  The victim requested repatriation and was
    referred to IOM.  Terzioglu granted IOM permission to
    physically accompany the victim to her flight, a development
    that, Terzioglu highlighted and IOM enthusiastically noted,
    represents a significant positive change in policy.

    - In February 2004 ) A victim identified in Trabzon took
    advantage of Turkey,s humanitarian visa program to remain in
    Turkey while, at GOT expense, she was treated for sexually
    transmitted diseases and provided with abortion services.

    - In January 2004 ) Victims applied to security forces in
    Mugla and shared what little information they could about
    their traffickers.  Victims were immediately screened and
    tested for STDs.  The investigation is ongoing.

    ¶10. (U) Terzioglu also noted the September 2003
    implementation of Turkey,s &Law on Work Permits for
    Foreigners.8  The new law, Terzioglu claims, was designed to
    prevent and punish illegal employment, including prostitution
    by foreigners, and to centralize authority for issuing,
    supervising and monitoring work permits.

    ¶11. (U) Terzioglu provided a list of victims of trafficking
    currently obtaining medical treatment and/or waiting to serve
    as witnesses in court proceedings against traffickers.
    Embassy TIP officer is currently awaiting additional
    information about these and other victims (ref. paragraph 3)
    and the progress of their court cases, including numbers of
    arrests, prosecutions, convictions, acquittals and sentences.

    -------
    TRABZON
    -------

    ¶12. (U) G/TIP officer met with members of the Trabzon Bar
    Association who reviewed Trabzon,s hottest TIP issue:  Hotel
    owners claim that unconstitutional police action taken
    against suspected human trafficking rings last summer had
    irreparably damaged local tourism.  Though court action is
    pending, Trabzon,s former Security Director Hamdi Gungor was
    reportedly removed from his position in September 2003 after
    executing a series of raids on local Trabzon hotels.  The
    attorneys report that police officers indiscriminately
    rounded up owners and patrons of local hotels on suspicions
    that the hotels were trafficking women.  The investigation is
    ongoing as are the lawsuits.

    ¶13. (U) Trabzon,s new Chief Prosecutor Burhan Cobanoglu was
    enthusiastic about the hotel arrests but admitted that police
    officials could have handled the investigation with more
    sensitivity.  Cobanoglu, a participant in several of the
    training programs referenced in para 7, carefully explained
    the process for identifying and processing victims and
    traffickers in Trabzon:

    - &In general, the cases are the same.  Women are misled
    about the situation, but generally willing to engage in
    illegal prostitution.  The situation turns bad when the
    victim is unable to escape.8

    - &Victims usually first approach us, but in the case of the
    summer arrests, we identified them.  When police first
    identify a victim, they are trained to be very careful to
    warn the person that they are not guilty and will not be
    treated as criminals.8

    - &We,ve amended our law and it is now possible to issue
    short-term visas.  During their residency, women are treated
    well, given medical attention, and are given the option to
    stay in Turkey to serve as a witness in the trafficker,s
    trial.8

    - &One specific article in the Penal Code refers to those
    who provide assistance or shelter to the trafficker.8  Under
    Section 201 A and B of the Turkish Penal Code, taxi drivers,
    hotel receptionists and any other individuals taking a
    secondary role in the crime can also be punished.

    - &Before 201b was adopted, we were sending these cases to
    Erzurum.  With 201b, we,re able to try these cases here in
    Trabzon,s public courts.  It,s much easier on the victims.8

    ¶14. (U) According to Cobanoglu, there are currently three
    ongoing TIP cases including the newest case from Trabzon,s
    Gunes Hotel opened in February 2004.  Though he declined to
    reveal specific details about the cases, he outlined in
    general terms the process police followed.  &In the Gunes
    case, police requested surveillance of several suspected
    hotels, collected intelligence, and, when we had enough
    evidence to act on, they arrested the traffickers and their
    accomplices.8

    ¶15. (U) According to Cobanoglu, public prosecutors received
    49 cases in 2003, involving 144 suspects and 190 victims (140
    men in forced labor situations and 50 women in forced
    prostitution situations).

    ¶16. (U) Russian Consul Ebruz Kargiyev, serving his third tour
    in Turkey, commented on Trabzon,s current TIP situation:
    &Huge progress has been made, probably due to Turkey,s
    desire to enter into the EU.8  The Russian Consulate,
    according to Kargiyev, repatriated 150 women in 2001, 110
    women in 2002, and 80 women in 2003.  &Raids on 18 hotels
    have led to 8 hotel closures,8 Kargiyev said, also touting
    his Consulate,s great success in dealing with Cobanoglu, and
    with the Turkish MFA.  He said the Consulate is working with
    the MFA to have an MFA representative assigned to the Russian
    Embassy to help with trafficking and repatriation issues.
    &Girls who come to Turkey from the former Soviet Union are
    fully aware of what they are going to do,8 Kargiyev
    observed.  &Four years ago women complained about beatings.
    In the last two years, not a single woman who has come to the
    Russian Consulate has complained of abuse by Turkish
    officials.8
    EDELMAN

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