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### Viewing cable 05ANKARA1171, LABOR-RELATED CHALLENGES AND INITIATIVES FOR

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05ANKARA1171 | 2005-03-04 16:37 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Ankara

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

    041637Z Mar 05

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 ANKARA 001171

    SIPDIS

    STATE FOR DRL/IL - PLEASE PASS TO DOL/ILAB BILL BRUMFIELD

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: ELAB PHUM PGOV SOCI TU
    SUBJECT: LABOR-RELATED CHALLENGES AND INITIATIVES FOR
    TURKEY'S EU ACCESSION

    REF: ANKARA 482

    (U) Classified by Political Counselor John Kunstadter, E. O.
    12958, reasons 1.4 (B) and (D).

    (U) 1.  Summary.  Some Turkish labor leaders profess to see
    no challenges ahead for them in the EU accession process.
    However, other labor leaders, and some government officials
    identify protecting core labor rights, wage equality,
    parental leave issues, discrimination, worker representatives
    in the workplace and high unemployment as issues with which
    Turkey will have to cope.  End summary.

    No Real Problems for Labor

    ¶2.  (U) Hak-Is Labor Union President Salim Uslu, who asserts
    he is a confidante of PM Erdogan, is upbeat about Turkey's
    prospects to join the EU and is determined to ensure that the
    members of his union benefit from Turkey's potential economic
    growth as a result of harmonization.  Uslu asserts he does
    not envision problems or challenges for Turkish labor unions
    as the country prepares for commencement of the EU
    harmonization process in October 2005.  Denying there are any
    problems for labor unions posed by the accession process, he
    volunteered that Hak-Is is offering vocational retraining
    programs to workers losing their jobs so they can become
    competitive in other, more technologically-oriented jobs.
    Uslu also anticipates the Ministry of National Education will
    approach Hak-Is with a proposal for an education program, but
    was unable to provide us with specifics.

    ¶3.  (U) Long-time Turk-Is contact and current Yol-Is
    International Relations Officer, Yildirim Koc also does not
    see EU legislation as posing an obstacle for Turkish labor
    unions in the accession process.  Referring to ILO core labor
    requirements, Koc observes that ILO conventions regarding
    issues such as the freedom of association are not a mandatory
    part of the acquis.  Although Koc is generally critical of
    AKP initiatives or programs that envision cooperation with
    the West, he is optimistic regarding Turkey's readiness to
    join the EU and downplays any possibility of potential
    challenges or EU resistance to Turkish membership.

    ¶4.  (U) AKP MP from Trabzon and Head of Parliament's
    Commission for Health, Family, Labor and Social Affairs
    Cevdet Erdol does not envision major problems with current
    Turkish legislation conforming to EU requirements, but
    suggests some minor amendments related to paternal leave and
    leave for adoptive parents might be pursued (reftel).  Erdol
    also stated that Turkish and European social conditions are
    not similar and Turkey faces major problems stemming from
    unemployment, poverty and a high birth rate, social
    conditions which will take a long time to resolve.

    Core Labor Rights Important

    ¶5.  (U) In contrast to Koc and Uslu, Ankara DISK Labor
    Confederation representative Tayfun Gorgun is concerned that
    the GOT continues to abridge core labor rights such as
    interfering with freedom of association activities, among
    them the right to strike and collective bargaining.  Gorgun
    asserted that he had advised then EU Commissioner for
    Enlargement Guenter Verheugen to protect the right of
    association, including the right to strike, and to collective
    bargaining, as important requirements for Turkey's EU
    accession preparations.  DISK has asked EU representatives to
    monitor labor issues during the accession process, perhaps in
    the process making the sailing toward full EU membership a
    little less smooth than Uslu and Koc have described.  Gorgon
    recalled an argument, which almost broke up the meeting,
    between the EU and Turk-Is, Hak-Is, and DISK when DISK
    demanded protection for labor union rights.

    Unions Weak

    ¶6.  (U) Public Workers Union Kamu-Sen head Bircan Akyildiz
    believes the Turkish public does not know very much about
    Turkey's EU accession process.  He is concerned that Turks
    have "different characteristics" and may not be accepted by
    Europeans.  Akyildiz states that Turkey will have to solve
    unemployment issues, improve investment opportunities, and
    resolve religious, cultural and social differences, all
    long-term problems that will require time to resolve prior to
    being accepted by the EU.  Akyildiz's main worry is that
    civil servants will have less job security under EU
    membership.  He believes Turkish unions are weak and cannot
    engage in collective bargaining, a core labor right taken for
    granted in the EU.  Akyildiz doubts that Turkey will ever
    become a full EU member.

    EU Requires Legislation

    ¶7.  (U) Turkish MFA Secretariat General for EU Affairs
    Director for Sectoral and Regional Policies Nursen Numanoglu
    told us there are minor discrepancies regarding legislation
    between the EU and Turkish points of view.  She asserts
    Turkish law already prohibits discrimination, although the EU
    is insisting on what she describes as "corrective
    redundancies" -- or legislation that specifically prohibits
    discrimination based on gender, sexual orientation and race.
    Numanoglu indicated her office intends to "negotiate" with EU
    representatives regarding unnecessary legislation.  She
    stated the EU is also asking Turkey to enact legislation
    related to parental leave, particularly extending leave to
    fathers and permitting a longer period of maternity leave for
    mothers -- issues she does not view as problems and currently
    being considered by Parliament.  Numanoglu sees a challenge
    stemming from protecting trade union rights for worker
    representation as well as a need to respond to an EU
    requirement to create worker representative positions in the
    workplace.  She noted a specific EU fund exists to facilitate
    Turkish legislation to support line institutions such as the
    Ministry of Labor in the acquis process.  The fund has
    allocated Euros 1,050 million for 2004 through 2006 for a
    variety of programs, including education, gender equality,
    combating social exclusion and religious discrimination.

    Employer Confederation Sees No Serious Criticism

    ¶8.  (U) Turkish Employer Confederation Secretary General
    Bulent Pirler advised us that Turkish government and NGO
    institutions are reviewing requirements related to gender,
    wages and religion.  Like Numanoglu, he asserts Turkey has
    already implemented defacto non-discrimination practices, but
    that legislation needs to be enacted.  Pirler mentioned
    thresholds for union representation in the workplace is an
    important issue and indicated TISK would be amenable to
    negotiating these figures.  Pirler noted EU representatives
    wanted to assure protection for the right to strike and other
    civil struggles.  However, along with other interlocutors,
    Pirler does not see these as serious criticisms.  He observed
    that EU member states had not ratified the same provisions as
    were being required of Turkey, commenting, "Let them mind
    their own business first."  Pirler does not see child labor
    as a problem for Turkey.  In response to the challenge of EU
    membership, TISK is concentrating its efforts to secure
    increased advantages for its members and lobbying to have
    TISK participate in EU-Turkey discussions for all chapters,
    not just those relevant to labor.

    GOT Responsible for Legislation

    ¶9.  (U)  Koc observed the GOT promised both the International
    Labor Organization (ILO) and the EU to resolve questions
    related to freedom of association by October 2005 and asserts
    there are no requirements for legislation or challenges
    mandated by EU accession chapters regarding wages, the right
    to strike or freedom of association. (Comment:  This directly
    contradicts European Commission social policy sector manager
    Zeynep Aydemir's (reftel) concern regarding the protection of
    Turkish trade union rights.  End comment.) Turk-Is
    International Relations Director Nevres Yuksel told us the
    GOT, rather than labor unions, had the responsibility for
    making sure labor legislation harmonized with EU
    requirements.  Turkish financial newspaper Dunya
    correspondents Ilkay Yoruk and Zafer Sahin, like other
    interlocutors, also think that it is the GOT's responsibility
    to prepare Turkey for EU accession.
    EDELMAN

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