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### Viewing cable 07BEIJING6158, LIU GUIJIN: U.S. VISIT A SUCCESS; DISCUSSES SUDAN,

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
07BEIJING6158 | 2007-09-19 11:44 | 2011-08-23 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Beijing

`

    VZCZCXRO2018
    OO RUEHCN RUEHGH RUEHGI RUEHMA RUEHROV RUEHVC
    DE RUEHBJ #6158/01 2621144
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    O 191144Z SEP 07
    FM AMEMBASSY BEIJING
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 2031
    INFO RUEHOO/CHINA POSTS COLLECTIVE IMMEDIATE
    RUCNFUR/DARFUR COLLECTIVE IMMEDIATE
    RUEHDS/AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA IMMEDIATE 0306
    RUEHSB/AMEMBASSY HARARE IMMEDIATE 0105

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 BEIJING 006158

    SIPDIS

    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PREL PGOV UNSC KPKO SU CH ZI ET
    SUBJECT: LIU GUIJIN: U.S. VISIT A SUCCESS; DISCUSSES SUDAN,
    ZIMBABWE, ETHIOPIA AT SEPT 18 PRESS CONFERENCE

    ¶1. (U) Summary:  PRC Special Envoy for Darfur Liu Guijin
    described his recent trip to the United States as a success
    that resulted in increased understanding of China's Darfur
    policies at a September 18 press briefing.  In response to
    questions, he said that the security situation in Darfur is
    improving, but still complex.  China is ready to send 315
    engineers to the region once "technical delays" are resolved
    and has provided large amounts of additional aid.  There are
    multiple stumbling blocks in advance of the October 24 peace
    negotiations, including ongoing negotiations regarding which
    rebel leaders will attend.  China is willing to attend the
    negotiations if asked, but does not anticipate that it will.
    China feels that funding is the single largest obstacle to
    the implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1769
    establishing the UNAMID peacekeeping force.  The Chinese
    government does not plan to contact Khartoum directly, as it
    has not been asked to do so by the UN or the African Union.

    Additional Press Conference
    ---------------------------

    ¶2. (U) Following the normal twice-weekly MFA press conference
    on September 18 (attended by PolOff), the MFA announced that
    Chinese Special Envoy for Darfur Liu Guijin would address the
    press to debrief his early-September trip to the United
    States.

    ¶3. (U) Liu explained that during the seven working days of
    his September 1-11 trip to the United States, he met with
    high-level American officials, including Deputy Secretary of
    State John Negroponte, House Foreign Affairs Committee
    Chairman Tom Lantos (D-CA), Congressional Black Caucus member
    Don Paine (D-NJ), Senate Democratic Whip Richard Durbin
    (D-IL) and other members of Congress, as well as UN officials
    such as Under Secretary General for Political Affairs B. Lynn
    Pascoe and Assistant Under Secretary General for Peacekeeping
    Operations Hedi Annabi.  He met with members of the Save
    Darfur NGO and attended a Center for Strategic and
    International Studies-sponsored event where he met with
    scholars and experts on Darfur.

    ¶4. (U) Liu described his trip as a success, saying that he
    achieved his goal of increasing understanding with U.S.
    officials and Congress.  He said that he "removed
    differences" that existed between China on the one hand and
    NGOs and the media on the other, and stated that U.S.
    officials and the UN "applauded" China's positive and
    constructive role.  His visit to the United States coincided
    with UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon's visit to Libya, Chad
    and Darfur, a visit which Liu said "encouraged" him.

    Security Is Improving, but Situation is Complex
    --------------------------------------------- --
    ¶5. (U) Asked if he is concerned about an increase in aerial
    bombings in Darfur, Liu responded that the security situation
    in Darfur is improving, but problems persist because of
    ineffective implementation of the ceasefire.  The reasons
    behind this are complex, he said, and include an increase in
    refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs), especially
    among black Africans, as well as inter-tribal territorial
    issues and a tendency toward militarization in refugee camps,
    where there is relatively easy access to illegal arms.  Liu
    said that these concerns emphasize the need to "redouble our
    efforts" in Darfur.

    ¶6. (U) Asked if the declining security situation would impede
    peace negotiations, Liu explained that the upcoming peace
    talks are facing a variety of issues, but security is not one
    of them.  He said that while Libya has been chosen for the
    October 24 peace negotiations, the actual site of the talks
    is "not yet finalized," and rebel groups, which he prefers to
    call "political movements," have not yet settled their
    internal debates on which leaders are "qualified to attend"
    and able to represent various rebel populations.  These
    problems, rather than security, are the stumbling blocks the
    peace talks are facing.

    China to Attend If Asked
    ------------------------

    ¶7. (U) When asked if China would attend these talks or play
    the role of "go-between," Liu explained that historically
    there has been no direct contact between China and the rebel
    leaders, who are living primarily in European capital cities.
     However, if China is invited to attend the talks, it will
    send a representative, but Western officials have indicated
    that they do not want too many "observers and judges" present
    during the negotiations.  He added that China has played an
    active role in promoting negotiations between the government

    BEIJING 00006158  002 OF 003

    and rebel leaders.

    The Heavy Support Package
    -------------------------

    ¶8. (U) Liu said that many Western journalists met with the
    315 multi-function soldier engineers the PRC is sending to
    Darfur and that were it not for technical delays, they would
    "already be there."  He indicated that after "technical
    preparations" are complete, the soldiers, the first to be
    deployed in the region since the passage of UN Security
    Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1769, will be deployed.  Liu said
    that many African nations have offered troops in excess of
    the 19,555 authorized by UNSCR 1769, and as such the process
    of selecting troops from various countries is ongoing; within
    that 19,555 will be 360 "liaison officers and military
    observers."  When asked if China is willing to send combat
    troops, Liu said that if asked the Chinese government would
    consider it, but now is not the time to discuss the matter.

    ¶9. (U) Asked if China is sending other aid besides the 315
    engineers, Liu cited the 80 million RMB (approximately USD 10
    million) in aid that already left from Tianjin harbor for
    Darfur.  He also said that Chinese companies are working in
    both northern and southern Darfur to provide drinkable water
    both for the people of Darfur and for the peacekeepers.  He
    also said that China is ready to send medical teams to the
    region and the Chinese people have donated over USD 2 million
    to the region for development and reconstruction.

    Current Goals in Darfur
    -----------------------

    ¶10. (U) As for current goals, Liu stated that peacekeeping
    requires a "good environment" and as such, all parties are
    making efforts to improve the security situation in Darfur.
    He further stated that the Chinese government is "urging
    restraint" in the region.  When asked for clarification, he
    said that China is asking for restraint "from all
    stakeholders" in the region, including the Sudanese
    government, refugees and in particular anyone "doing anything
    wrong."  Asked if China has plans to directly contact
    Khartoum, Liu responded that China does not have any such
    plans, as "neither the African Union nor the UN" has made
    such a request.

    Funding is the Biggest Hurdle
    -----------------------------

    ¶11. (U) Liu said the largest challenge the hybrid forces are
    facing is financial, as the peacekeeping operation, the
    single most expensive in the history of peacekeeping, will
    cost USD 2.5 billion per year. He said China is in
    consultation with other nations at UN on the matter.  He also
    said that there is a need to accelerate the process of
    selecting the peacekeepers, so as not to dampen the current
    enthusiasm the African nations are displaying for peace
    keeping.

    ¶12. (U) When asked if China would support other means to
    resolve the issues in Darfur should a peaceful negotiated
    solution ultimately fail, Liu said that the current path of
    peaceful negotiation is clearly the right one, as evidenced
    by the progress already made.  This progress includes the
    selection of a time and place for peace negotiations and the
    participation of eight rebel factions.  The use of force, he
    said, would not solve any of the myriad problems facing the
    region.

    ¶13. (U) Asked about China's relationship with the Sudanese
    government, Liu responded that there are "no special
    elements" to the relationship, except that the two nations
    have strong economic ties.  The media has attempted to
    politicize the relationship, he said, but his recent trip to
    America allowed him to make inroads in making others
    understand that Darfur "is not China's domestic issue" and
    that the world is "over-rating China's ability to help."

    Zimbabwe and Ethiopia
    ---------------------

    ¶14. (U) Asked to comment on the situation in Zimbabwe and the
    sort of outcome the Chinese government would prefer, Liu said
    that China prefers to defer to regional organizations, such
    as the African Union.  But while China sees the possibility
    of building not just a harmonious society but also a
    harmonious world, it, like many African nations including
    South Africa, does not want to "internationalize" the
    Zimbabwe issue.  Asked if Chinese policy toward Zimbabwe

    BEIJING 00006158  003 OF 003

    changed recently and whether it is true that China would only
    be giving humanitarian aid, Liu responded that he had not
    been following the situation.  However, he said, no major
    Chinese development projects are underway in Zimbabwe because
    of the poor economic situation and massive devaluation of the
    currency, but humanitarian aid continues.(Note: Press reports
    after the conference suggested China had halted development
    aid to Zimbabwe.  MFA contacts denied to PolOff September 19
    any shift in Chinese aid policy toward Zimbabwe.  See septel.)

    ¶15. (U) Asked about the potential for Ethiopia to become a
    second Darfur and whether Ethiopian troops are defending
    Sinopec holdings in the region, Liu responded that he had not
    seen the reports and was unable to comment.
    Randt

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