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### Viewing cable 07BEIJING6979, 2007 U.S.-China Legal Exchange

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
07BEIJING6979 | 2007-11-05 23:52 | 2011-08-23 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Beijing

`

    VZCZCXRO8501
    PP RUEHCN RUEHGH RUEHVC
    DE RUEHBJ #6979/01 3092352
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    P 052352Z NOV 07
    FM AMEMBASSY BEIJING
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 3260
    INFO RUCPDOC/USDOC WASHDC
    RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHINGTON DC
    RUCPDOC/DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHDC
    RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC
    RUEHOO/CHINA POSTS COLLECTIVE

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 BEIJING 006979

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE
    SIPDIS

    STATE PASS USTR WASHINGTON DC

    E.O. 12958: n/a
    TAGS: ECON ETRD EINV CH
    SUBJECT:  2007 U.S.-China Legal Exchange

    (U) Sensitive but unclassified.  Not for
    dissemination outside USG channels.  Not for Internet
    distribution.

    ¶1. (SBU) Summary:  The Department of Commerce and the
    Ministry of Commerce held the 2007 U.S.-China Legal
    Exchange in Xi'an, Beijing, and Shanghai from October
    22-27.  The program consisted of U.S. and Chinese
    presentations on each country's inbound investment
    and trade secrets regimes as well as open discussion
    on both topics.  The Chinese audience members were
    very engaged in the discussion and sought additional
    information on the U.S. investment regime and
    practical steps that companies can take to protect
    their trade secrets in the United States.  Government
    officials from both sides agreed to hold the 2008
    Legal Exchange program in the United States.

    2007 U.S-China Legal Exchange
    -----------------------------

    ¶2. (U) During the week of October 22, the U.S.
    Department of Commerce and China's Ministry of
    Commerce (MOFCOM) held the 2007 U.S.-China Legal
    Exchange, a cooperative exchange program under
    Commercial Law Working Group of the U.S.-China Joint
    Commission on Commerce and Trade.  Department of
    Commerce General Counsel John Sullivan led a
    delegation of U.S. commercial law experts to discuss
    the U.S. legal regimes governing inbound foreign
    investment and the protection of trade secrets.  The
    delegation was composed of General Counsel Robert
    Hoyt, Department of the Treasury; Deputy General
    Counsel David Bowsher, Department of Commerce;
    Attorney-Advisor Joel Blank, Department of Commerce;
    and Rex Hockaday, Senior Corporate Counsel,
    Caterpillar, Inc.  MOFCOM hosted programs in Xi'an,
    Beijing, and Shanghai and recruited local professors,
    government officials, and attorneys to engage on both
    topics.

    CFIUS Process and Investment Policies
    -------------------------------------

    ¶3. (U) Mr. Hoyt provided an overview of the legal
    regime governing investment, particularly focusing on
    the framework that guides national security reviews
    conducted by the Committee on Foreign Investment in
    the United States (CFIUS).  Mr. Hoyt stressed that
    CFIUS provides a voluntary review mechanism that
    looks only at transaction-specific national security
    concerns and does not have the authority to consider
    other issues, such as economic security or broad
    industrial policies.  Mr. Bowsher provided additional
    information on how the federal system of government
    in the United States impacts the U.S. investment
    regime as well as on the Department's Invest in
    America Initiative.  Mr. Hockaday detailed the legal
    framework governing trade secrets in the United
    States and identified practical steps that companies
    can take to protect those secrets under that legal
    framework.

    ¶4. (SBU) Chinese professors and attorneys in each
    city presented information on China's investment and
    trade secrets regimes.  Their overviews on investment
    identified a lack of clarity on the relationship
    between China's 2006 Regulations on the Merger and
    Acquisition of Domestic Companies by Foreign
    Investors (M&A Regulations) - administered by MOFCOM -
    and the recently promulgated Anti-Monopoly Law (AML),
    which will go into effect on August 1, 2008.  Under
    the M&A Regulations, all mergers with and
    acquisitions by foreign entities must be reviewed and
    cleared by MOFCOM, which analyzes whether such
    transactions will impact the national economic
    security of China.  Under the AML, the antitrust
    authority (not yet esablished) will review similar
    mergers and acquisitions and analyze whether such
    transaction will impact national security.

    ¶5. (SBU) The Chinese presenters noted that neither
    the M&A Regulations nor the AML define the scope of
    the respective reviews for national economic security
    and national security.  U.S. presenters noted that
    this lack of clarity on the scope of each review and

    BEIJING 00006979  002 OF 002

    the relationship between the reviews and the
    reviewing authorities creates confusion when foreign
    investors are considering entering the Chinese market.
    China should work to clarify these reviews in order
    to make its investment regime more manageable.  In
    addition, neither legal authority establishes a time
    frame for review, which reduces the certainty of
    investing in China.

    Trade Secrets
    -------------

    ¶6. (SBU) The Chinese also presented on China's legal
    regime protecting trade secrets.  China does not have
    a single law or regulation establishing the legal
    framework for trade secrets; instead, China protects
    trade secrets through a web of laws on contracts,
    unfair competition, and labor standards.  As a result
    of this approach the system remains confusing and
    does not establish a uniform definition or consistent
    practices on trade secrets.  The Chinese presenters
    suggested that, for China to have a truly leading
    regime on trade secrets, China develop a single law
    that defines trade secrets and eliminates the lack of
    uniformity.

    ¶7. (SBU) The Chinese audience was very engaged and
    seemed to benefit from the information exchange,
    suggesting the importance of continued dialogue on
    both of the Legal Exchange's topics and on the rule
    of law in general.  Regarding investment, the
    audience was interested in better understanding the
    CFIUS review process and the factors that CFIUS
    considers when analyzing a transaction.  Mr. Hoyt
    stated that the factors considered vary from
    transaction to transaction and that he could not
    discuss specific examples, but that the Treasury
    Department will issue guidance on the review process
    in April.

    ¶8. (U) Mr. Bowsher extended an invitation to host a
    Chinese delegation in 2008 for the next Legal
    Exchange and suggested that coordination begin early
    next year.  The Chinese agreed that we should
    continue the program next year and look forward to
    visiting the United States.

    Randt

`