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### Viewing cable 06SANSALVADOR1166, EL SALVADOR PASSES HISTORIC GOVERNMENT ETHICS LAW

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
06SANSALVADOR1166 | 2006-05-03 19:33 | 2011-05-31 00:00 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy San Salvador
Appears in these articles: http://www.wikileaks.elfaro.net/es/201105/notas/4228/

`

    VZCZCXYZ0000
    PP RUEHWEB

    DE RUEHSN #1166/01 1231933
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    P 031933Z MAY 06
    FM AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2230
    INFO RUEHZA/WHA CENTRAL AMERICAN COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
    RHEHNSC/NSC WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L SAN SALVADOR 001166

    SIPDIS

    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 05/02/2016
    TAGS: PREL ES PGOV KCOR
    SUBJECT: EL SALVADOR PASSES HISTORIC GOVERNMENT ETHICS LAW

    Classified By: DCM Michael A. Butler, Reasons 1.4 (b) and (d)

    ¶1. (C)  SUMMARY:  El Salvador's departing Legislative
    Assembly on April 25 unanimously approved a comprehensive and
    robust ethics law to oversee conduct of public sector
    employees across all branches of government, following an
    often-frustrating five-year Embassy effort to institute such
    legislation.  Three weeks ago, most political actors,
    including the executive, showed little interest in the law's
    passage.  Ambassador and emboffs then put on a full-court
    press with the political parties and gained their support.
    On the day of the law's passage, however, the Embassy learned
    that the National Conciliation (PCN) and ARENA parties
    intended to water down the law's efficacy by placing it under
    the oversight of the unreliable, and perhaps corrupt,
    Comptroller's Office (Corte de Cuentas).  Embassy's
    eleventh-hour lobbying finally convinced the ARENA and PCN
    leadership that passage of their "alternate" bill would
    damage El Salvador's image. When the vote was taken, all
    political parties, including the FMLN, supported the bill.
    Embassy's strongest allies in support of the bill were the
    moderate-left Revolutionary Democratic Front (FDR) and
    Christian Democratic Party (PDC), both of whom refused to
    support ARENA efforts to elect Supreme Court magistrates
    until the ethics bill was passed.  END SUMMARY.

    BACKGROUND
    ----------

    ¶2. (SBU)  In 1988, the Government of El Salvador (GOES)
    ratified the Inter-American Convention Against Corruption,
    which entailed its commitment to approve and implement a
    government ethics law covering all government employees.  In
    conjunction with USG reconstruction assistance in the wake of
    1998 Hurricane Mitch, the U.S. in 2000 signed a bilateral
    anti-corruption agreement with the GOES and allocated
    $350,000 for the creation of a public employees code of
    ethics and the establishment of an office of government
    ethics.  USAID was tasked with the implementation of this
    agreement, and assisted the Flores administration (1999-2004)
    with designing a code of ethical conduct and the
    establishment of a GOES government ethics office.

    ¶3. (SBU)  In President Flores's view, an independent
    government institution such as the Court of Accounts
    (Comptroller's Office) represented the most logical home for
    an office of government ethics; USAID subsequently provided
    technical assistance to the Court of Accounts to review the
    draft bill and make modifications necessary to adjust it to
    its own internal legal framework.  The Court of Accounts
    presented the revised ethics law to the Legislative Assembly
    in March 2003; the bill was passed to the Legislative
    Assembly's Legislation Commission, where it was tabled and
    languished in neglect.  With Embassy support, the Legislative
    Assembly withdrew the ethics bill from the Legislation
    Commission in 2005, and established a new ad-hoc
    subcommission to draft a more comprehensive ethics bill using
    many of the principles, ideas, and language contained in the
    bill submitted by the Court of Accounts.  The Legislative
    Assembly on April 25 approved, with no dissenting votes, the
    Government Ethics Law that will apply to all public
    employees.

    CONTENT OF THE LAW
    ------------------

    ¶4. (SBU)  The most significant features of the Law include
    the following:

    --  The Law's objective is to promote ethical conduct in
    government by preventing, detecting, and sanctioning
    corruption by public servants who utilize public office for
    private gains.

    --  All persons who render service to any government entity,
    within or outside the country, including all direct-hire
    Executive, Judicial, and Legislative employees, municipal and
    other local government workers, autonomous and independent
    government institutions, as well as contractors, are covered.

    --  The Law establishes ethical prohibitions, exceptions,
    public servants, rights, complaint procedures, and citizen
    rights, and includes as sanctions warnings, fines, and
    dismissals.

    --  In addition to implementation via ethics commissions to
    be created within each government institution, a new
    Government Ethics Tribunal will be established as the supreme
    administrative authority charged with enforcing the law; the
    Tribunal's five members will include one representative each
    from the Legislative Assembly (who will serve as President),
    the Presidency, the Supreme Court, the Court of Accounts, and
    the Attorney General,s Office/Public Defender,s Office.
    Member terms of office will be five years, after which they
    may seek reappointment; each member will also have his/her
    own alternate.

    --  Functions of the Tribunal will include:  promotion,
    dissemination, and training on ethics principles among public
    employees; resolution of corruption cases and imposition of
    sanctions for violations; establishment of mechanisms for
    public administration transparency; formulation and
    implementation of policies regarding the appropriate use of
    public resources; and the selection of members to be
    appointed to ethics commissions in each government
    institution.

    --  The ethics commissions of each government institution
    will be composed of three members with terms of five years;
    their primary function will be to publicize the law among
    their respective groups of employees, to train personnel, to
    receive complaints, and to follow up on Tribunal resolutions
    and propose administrative measures to prevent and curb
    corruption.  (Note:  The National Mayors Association,
    COMURES, will oversee the establishment of the commission
    that will oversee municipal governments.  End note.)

    --  The Ministry of Education will assist in raising
    awareness of the new Law by including instruction on the
    importance of ethics and the responsibilities of public
    servants in public education programs at all appropriate
    grade levels.  USAID's Transparency and Governance Program
    will assist the GOES in implementing the law through
    technical assistance, training, and observational exercises.

    ¶5. (C)  COMMENT:  Notwithstanding President Saca's 2005
    decree instituting an ethics code for executive branch
    employees, the GOES and Legislative Assembly had resisted the
    Embassy's efforts to pass such a law for three years.  In the
    end it did not come easy; Embassy learned of a last-minute
    plan by ARENA deputies and their center-right National
    Conciliation Party (PCN) allies to substitute alternate
    legislation which would have placed oversight of ethics law
    compliance under the discredited Court of Accounts.  In the
    ultimate approval of the law in the waning hours of the
    outgoing Legislative Assembly, support from the loose
    center-left coalition of the Revolutionary Democratic Front
    (FDR), Christian Democratic Party (PDC), and Democratic
    Change (CD) proved critical.  FDR President Julio Hernandez,
    Deputy Hector Silva (CD), and PDC President Rodolfo Parker
    were particularly helpful in achieving this objective.
    (Note:  In a two-hour visit the weekend following passage of
    the Law, World Bank President Paul Wolfowitz singled out
    approval of the public ethics law as an important
    achievement.  End note.)
    Barclay

`