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### Viewing cable 03ANKARA2664, TURKISH IMPLEMENTATION OF OECD BRIBERY CONVENTION

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
03ANKARA2664 | 2003-04-24 17:40 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Ankara

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 ANKARA 002664

    SIPDIS

    THOMAS BARLOW, DOC, CODE 4121
    STATE, EB/IFD/OIA-MARTHA KELLEY AND KATHRYN STEVENS, AND
    L/LEI-TOM HEINEMANN

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: ETRD PGOV BR AR SI CI BU
    SUBJECT: TURKISH IMPLEMENTATION OF OECD BRIBERY CONVENTION

    REF: STATE 79413

    ¶1. (U) SUMMARY:  The GOT Parliament ratified the OECD Bribery
    Convention in 2000, but did not ratify the implementing
    legislation until January 2, 2003.  This makes Turkey the
    last of the 35 signatories to the Convention to ratify laws
    that make it a crime to bribe foreign officials in
    international business transactions.  In line with the
    provisions of the Convention, Parliament has amended the
    Turkish penal code and expanded the scope of laws that
    previously dealt with bribery of domestic officials. END
    SUMMARY.

    Enforcement of Convention
    -------------------------

    ¶2. (U) GOT officials claim that there has not been enough
    time to assess enforcement of the law (see below for
    specifics of new law), as this law has yet to apply to any
    cases at the prosecution stage.

    ¶3. (U) The GOT's resources for enforcement include the
    Justice Ministry, which has responsibility for investigating
    and prosecuting bribery cases (Justice will work with MASAK
    in cases of bribery of foreign officials - see below).  The
    Turkish National Police (TNP) and Jandarma, which both fall
    under the Interior Ministry, investigate bribery cases under
    the guidance of prosecutors in the Ministry of Justice.  In
    addition, the Prime Ministry Inspection Board (PMIB)
    investigates domestic corruption cases, and is currently
    advising a new Parliamentary committee.  Bulent Tarhan, of
    the  PMIB, is one of several experts who are advising the
    recently established Corruption Investigations Committee,
    which has two primary functions:  investigating corruption
    cases through public hearings and also studying the
    underlying reasons behind corruption, based on analysis of
    PMIB and other authorities' investigations over the past five
    years.

    Implementing Legislation
    ------------------------

    ¶4. (U) Law number 4782, passed January 2, 2003, effectively
    ratified the necessary implementation required of the GOT
    under the OECD Bribery Convention, which the GOT became party
    to in 2000.  This law provides several amendments/additions
    to the Turkish Penal Code.  Specifically, amendments were
    made to the Law on Prevention of Money Laundering, the Law on
    Controlling Narcotics Substances, the Civil Service Law and
    the decree with the force of law on the Organizational
    Structure and Duties of the Finance Ministry.  The following
    amendments/additions were made:

    -There is a bribery case if there is an attempt or a
    commitment to provide benefits to the individuals appointed
    as legislative, administrative or judicial government
    authorities in a foreign country or to officials conducting
    international duties in a host country to provide certain
    services or to prevent provision of services.

    -If the representatives of a corporate body are involved in
    bribery, both the representatives and the corporate body
    itself will be required to pay a cash penalty, as high as two
    to threefold of the benefit received.  Individuals repeatedly
    conducting anti-bribery crimes will be discharged from their
    duties and cannot work as GOT contractors.

    -The GOT can file a new bribery lawsuit against an individual
    upon the Justice Ministry's order, even if there is an
    existing court verdict regarding bribery of this individual
    in a foreign country.  The GOT will not file a new lawsuit
    against an individual if there is a former verdict regarding
    this person's involvement in crimes related to counterfeiting
    foreign currency.

    -With the amendment to the Law on Prevention of Money
    Laundering, bribery of foreign officials in host country or
    bribery of foreign officials in a foreign country were
    defined as predicate offenses for money laundering.

    ¶5. (U) These amendments expand the authority of MASAK
    (Financial Crimes Investigation Board), the GOT's financial
    intelligence unit (FIU) that has primary responsibility for
    crimes associated with money laundering.  "This legislation
    gives the ability to create the necessary framework for
    cooperation between FIUs for all cooperation more broadly,"
    said Oya Karakas, of MFA's General Directorate of
    Multilateral Economic Affairs.

    Promoting Public Awareness
    --------------------------

    ¶6. (U) The GOT has yet to promote public awareness of the new
    legislation, although plans are in the works.  Karakas said
    the MFA plans to set up an international workshop of OECD
    members, and representatives from Central Asian countries, to
    promote anti-corruption measures that have been taken.
    Karakas said a date has not been set yet, but the location
    will be the OECD Regional Center in Istanbul.  In addition,
    Karakas says the MFA plans to take advantage of a library
    that is physically located between and shared by the OECD
    Regional Center and the Istanbul Chamber of Commerce.  She
    said the OECD is working to establish an e-library that can
    be used for research of anti-corruption activities undertaken
    by OECD members.

    Related Anti-Corruption Activities
    ----------------------------------
    ¶7. (U) Representatives from local NGOs had little comment on
    the GOT measures related to the new law.  However,
    representatives from the Turkish chapter of Transparency
    International remain concerned about GOT attempts to amend
    the Public Procurement Law, which established a board to
    oversee public tenders (an important condition in the
    IMF-supported reform program).  Earlier this year, the GOT
    proposed two articles to a new draft law designed to revise
    the tax forgiveness law, and give substantial savings to
    companies close to the new government.  This GOT effort has
    been defeated, at least for the time being, by pressure from
    the IMF, World Bank, USG, and NGOs such as Transparency
    International.
    PEARSON

`