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### Viewing cable 07BRASILIA1351, UNDER SECRETARY DOBRIANSKY 'S VISIT TO BRAZIL SPARKS

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
07BRASILIA1351 | 2007-07-18 09:42 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Brasilia

`

    VZCZCXRO5869
    RR RUEHRG
    DE RUEHBR #1351/01 1990942
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    R 180942Z JUL 07
    FM AMEMBASSY BRASILIA
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 9529
    INFO RUEHSO/AMCONSUL SAO PAULO 0388
    RUEHRI/AMCONSUL RIO DE JANEIRO 4778
    RUEHRG/AMCONSUL RECIFE 6949
    RUEHRC/USDA WASHDC

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 04 BRASILIA 001351

    SIPDIS

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE

    STATE FOR G
    STATE FOR OES/PCI
    STATE FOR WHA/BSC
    STATE FOR OES/EGC
    USDA FOR FAS WASHDC

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: TRGY ENRG SENV EAGR ETRD KSCA US BR
    SUBJECT: UNDER SECRETARY DOBRIANSKY 'S VISIT TO BRAZIL SPARKS
    DISCUSSIONS ON BIOFUELS, HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE ENVIRONMENT

    REF:  (A) STATE 51101, (B) STATE 51237

    SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED

    ¶1.  (SBU) Summary: Under Secretary Dobriansky's visit to Brazil May
    16-17, 2007, not only fulfilled the request by President Bush and
    Brazilian President Lula to elevate the Common Agenda for the
    Environment (CAE) dialogue, but helped the U.S. Mission in Brazil
    move forward on a number of key issues. During the Special Session
    of the CAE, we reached bilateral agreement on the importance of
    studying the environmental impact of biofuels production, clarified
    Brazil's concerns about the U.S. initiative Coalition Against
    Trafficking in Wildlife (CAWT), furthered cooperation on climate
    change, and presented to Brazil draft letters of cooperation for
    future bilateral efforts to reduce mercury in the environment. In a
    meeting with Brazil's Special Secretary for Human Rights, the two
    countries discussed trilateral cooperation with Guinea Bissau and
    the Ministerial Meeting of the Community of Democracies.  End
    Summary.

    ¶2. (U) Other members of the U.S. delegation who traveled with U/S
    Dobriansky included Drew Nelson, Special Advisor on Climate Change,
    Francis Colsn, Science and Technology Policy Officer, Douglas
    Lawrence, Director of the Office of Resources, USDA. Embassy ESTH
    Counselor Patricia Norman participated, along with Regional HUB
    Director Jimmy Story and USAID Senior Policy Advisor Eric Stoner.
    The Brazilian delegation was lead by Ambassador Everton Vieira
    Vargas, Under Secretary for Political Affairs at Brazil's foreign
    ministry, his deputy Minister Luiz Alberto Figueiredo Machado,
    Director of International Affairs at the Ministry for the
    Environment (MMA) Fernando Lyrio da Silva, Dr. Barbosa Serra, the
    new appointed director for climate change at MMA, Antonio Simes,
    Director of the Office of Energy at the foreign ministry and Gilney
    Amorim Viana, MMA.

    ¶3. (U) While in Brasilia, the Under Secretary held a meeting with
    Brazil's Minister for the Environment Marina Silva.  She also led
    two events hosted by Brazil's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, a Special
    High-Level Session of the CAE and a Working Session on Human Rights
    and Democracy.

    MEETING WITH ENVIRONMENT MINISTER SILVA

    ¶4. (SBU) Under Secretary Dobriansky, accompanied by Ambassador
    Sobel, other members of the U.S. delegation, ESTH Counselor Norman
    and USAID Advisor Stoner met with Minister Marina Silva, members of
    her staff and the Director of the Office of the Environment at the
    Foreign Ministry on May 16.  Minister Silva explained that 6000
    employees of the Ministry's enforcement division, IBAMA, were on
    strike in opposition to a proposed reorganization. Minister Silva
    explained that IBAMA's  present structure dated back 19 years and
    the number of hectres of parkland and protected areas it manages
    had doubled and in some cases tripled since inception. In order to
    better manage in today's environment, the Minister and President
    Lula had proposed a reorganization that would divide IBAMA's
    authorities among the newly created Chico Mendes Institute and other
    specialized Secretariats. The strike is expected to last until the
    Brazilian Congress votes.

    ¶5. (U) Under Secretary Dobriansky discussed at length the Minister's
    concerns about CAWT, addressing each in great detail, ending with a
    renewed invitation for Brazil to join. (Brazil's concerns had been
    presented on paper to the Department by its Embassy in Washington
    several weeks prior to this meeting.) Minster Silva expressed
    support for the concept of CAWT and explained the mechanics of
    Brazil's own anti-trafficking campaign which is being implemented in
    partnership with Brazil's foreign ministry. Minister Silva said that
    her Ministry was predisposed to join CAWT. Under Secretary
    Dobriansky stated that should it join, Brazil would be welcomed with
    a rollout and that Minister Silva could speak on these issues
    alongside of Canada, Chile and India. Post is awaiting an official
    response to the invitation to join CAWT.

    ¶6. (U) Minister Silva spoke briefly on the elements of Brazil's
    proposal for positive incentives for deforestation efforts,
    originally presented at the November, 2006, UNEP meeting. Under
    Secretary Dobriansky suggested a second digital video conference to

    SIPDIS
    discuss and clarify aspects of Brazil's proposal. On biofuels, both
    the Minister and Under Secretary agreed to the importance of
    studying the environmental impact of biofuel production. Minister
    Silva expressed her negative concerns about moving forward with a

    BRASILIA 00001351  002 OF 004

    Tropical Forest Conservation Act in Brazil, primarily because the
    funds would be available only for NGO use.

    ¶7. (U) In response to Ambassador Sobel's explanation of the U.S.
    Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (which promotes the use of nuclear
    as clean renewable energy,) Minister Silva said Brazil had so many
    options for renewable energy, she doubted that the move to nuclear
    would ever be necessary.  Under Secretary Dobriansky concluded the
    meeting by renewing the invitation for Brazil to participate in the
    UNEP working group on mercury meeting scheduled for the Fall.

    WORKING SESSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY

    ¶8. (U) The session was led by Under Secretary Dobriansky and
    Ambassador Everton Vargas.  Also attending was U.S. Embassy
    Political Officer Aaron Olsa and Minister Ana Lucy Cabral Peterson,
    Director of the Office of Human Rights and Social Themes at Brazil's
    Foreign Ministry.  Brazil expressed its pleasure with the bilateral
    agreement to support Guinea Bissau signed during the March 30, 2007,
    visit of President Lula to the United States. Noting that this was
    the first such bilateral cooperation in Africa, Ambassador Vargas
    said there are several areas where the United States and Brazil can
    work together as multicultural democracies.

    ¶9. (U)  U/S Dobriansky commended Brazil's work in Guinea Bissau.
    She pointed out that Mali wants to review the best strategies on
    poverty eradication, noting that a Brazil-Mali partnership would
    offer great potential.  She also noted that a relationship between
    Brazil and Liberia would also be useful because of Brazil's
    experience, stressing issues President Lula put forward previously.
    She reminded Vargas that the OAS will hold a trans-Atlantic
    democracy bridge with African countries to discuss democracy, and
    Brazil's involvement is highly desirable.  Vargas said that Africa
    is a priority in Brazil's foreign policy, and in a recent meeting
    with African leaders, President Lula said Brazil wants to strengthen
    its relationships there.  He noted, however, that Brazil's human and
    financial resources are limited because of its lead role in Haiti.

    SPECIAL SESSION OF THE CAE

    ¶10. (U)  Both countries welcomed this Special Session of the CAE and
    the United States pledged to host the next session of the CAE in the
    United States.  Both countries agreed that the CAE should be run at
    the A/S level with input from the Under Secretary level when
    necessary.  The two countries also pledged to support the technical
    level working group of the CAE in order to pursue additional areas
    of cooperation.

    BIOFUELS

    ¶11. (U) Ambassador Vargas opened with a general discussion of the
    bilateral biofuels partnership and a review of upcoming activities.
    He gave special emphasis to those activities that fall under the
    heading of science and technology, such as the group of Brazilian
    scientists scheduled to visit biofuels research laboratories in the
    United States in August 2007.  The Ambassador said he considered
    biofuels an important foreign policy issue and cooperation should be
    accelerated. Under Secretary Dobriansky emphasized the importance of
    focusing on best practices used to reduce the impact of biofuels
    production on the environment.

    ¶12.  (SBU) Antonio Simes, head of the foreign ministry's division
    on energy,  said Brazil believes that without sustainable
    production, a global market for biofuels will never be reality.
    Simes said Brazil had saved $US 61 billion over the last ten years
    by the use of biofuels instead of petroleum and experienced a
    significant reduction in emissions. Simes repeated the proposal he
    made to DOE A/S Karsner that the United States and Brazil co-sponsor
    a study to scientifically document that the use of biofuels reduces
    emissions. The study should include data from scientists from China,
    the EU, South Africa and India he concluded.

    ¶13. (SBU) Reference was made by the Brazilians to negative
    statements attributed to specific European leaders concerning the
    conditions under which sugar was produced in Brazil. A discussion
    ensued as to the best way to address that issue.

    ¶14. (SBU) Ambassador Vargas spoke about the reaction of Brazil's
    private sector to the MOU signed by the foreign ministers during the
    visit of President Bush to Brazil March 8-9, 2007.  Generally, the
    private sector felt that since the tariff on Brazilian exports of

    BRASILIA 00001351  003 OF 004

    ethanol to the United States remained, the impact of the MOU was
    diminished. The Ambassador said that if the United States and Brazil
    hoped in the future to deepen their partnership, there would have to
    be some movement on the tariff issue.

    ¶15.  (U) The Under Secretary noted that the Global Bioenergy
    Partnership (GBEP) is addressing the issue of best practices and GHG
    methodologies and encouraged Brazil to participate in GBEP.  The
    Under Secretary also noted that the USG will host the Washington
    International Renewable Energy Conference scheduled for March 2008
    in Washington, D.C.  This Ministerial-level meeting was being viewed
    as a follow on to those held in Bonn, Germany.

    ¶16. (U) Ambassador Vargas reiterated an invitation made by President
    Lula to President Bush during the visit to Camp David (March 31,
    2007), inviting President Bush to Brazil's biofuel conference in
    ¶2008.

    ¶17. (U) Dr. Douglas Lawrence discussed the impact of  biofuels
    development on various aspects of the agricultural market in the
    United States. He outlined efforts by the U.S. Department of
    Agriculture to lessen negative impacts to the environment such as
    finding better ways to process water, reduce the use of chemicals
    and examining the phosphorus problem in grains.

    CLIMATE CHANGE

    ¶18. (SBU) The climate change discussions centered around upcoming
    climate negotiations, the U.S.-Brazil Climate Change Bilateral, and
    work in the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to
    address climate change.  Both countries noted their opposition to
    the proposed text in the G8 by the Germans which calls for a cap on
    emissions which would limit climate change to two degrees Celsius.
    Under Secretary Dobriansky invited Brazil to propose a date for the
    next meeting of the U.S./Brazil Climate Change Bilateral.  Brazil
    indicated it would look into dates and follow-up shortly.

    ¶19. (SBU) The Under Secretary also raised the issue of ICAO's work
    to address greenhouse gas emissions from the aviation sector. Brazil
    noted its opposition to the EU approach on this issue, and stated
    they have raised their concerns with the EU.  When pressed about
    whether they would be able to send a letter of opposition to the EU,
    Brazil indicated it would look into it.  Their concerns with the
    original letter were focused on the "some developing countries"
    language. Comment: It appears unlikely they will send their own
    letter without significant prodding from the U.S. and others. End
    Comment.

    ¶20. (SBU) The Brazilians again raised their proposal on avoided
    deforestation and explained it as a template for possible use in
    other areas.  The Brazilians also expressed puzzlement regarding the
    EU's push to launch a timeline for new negotiations at Bali and how
    it would fit in the current processes.

    SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

    ¶21.  (SBU) The Brazilians indicated their disappointment with the
    results from CSD and stated it  would like to see a stronger UNEP
    and a stronger CSD.  They will be hosting a meeting next September
    to discuss how to move forward on global governance in a way that
    does not continue the polarization of the French proposal for a
    World Environment Organization.

    MERCURY

    ¶22. (U) Under Secretary Dobriansky stated that UNEP would be
    convening a mercury working group later this year and stated that
    the United States would participate.  Referring to the bilateral
    relationship, she said that the United States and Brazil had been
    working informally in a technical collaboration to reduce the use
    and emissions of mercury from various sectors in Brazil.  The Under
    Secretary offered to the Brazilians a draft letter of cooperation to

    SIPDIS
    formalize future cooperation in this area under the Technical
    Working Group of the CAE. Brazil agreed to have their experts at the
    review the letter.

    CAWT

    ¶23. (U) Under Secretary Dobriansky stated that the United States
    welcomed the GoB comments on CAWT during a previous meeting with
    Environment Minister Marina Silva and interpreted the Minister's

    BRASILIA 00001351  004 OF 004

    comments as indicating that the GoB was prepared to become a member.
    Ambassador Vargas said that the foreign ministry would consult with
    their colleagues at the Ministry of the Environment and communicate
    with the United States at a later date relative to GoB membership.

    ¶24.  (U) Ambassador Vargas formally stated that this and future
    U.S.-Brazil Common Agenda for the Environment meetings would be lead
    at the Under Secretary level but the work could be handled at the
    Assistant Secretary or Office Director level, with political
    guidance from the Under Secretaries. Under Secretary Dobriansky
    agreed and stated that the United States would host the next CAE,
    date to be communicated through the U.S. Embassy in Brasilia.

    ¶25. (U) This cable was cleared by U/S Dobriansky's delegation prior
    to transmission.

    SOBEL

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