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### Viewing cable 07PHNOMPENH131, PDAS STEPHENS MEETS CAMBODIA'S POLITICAL AND CIVIL

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
07PHNOMPENH131 | 2007-01-25 07:35 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Phnom Penh

`

    VZCZCXRO7759
    RR RUEHCHI RUEHDT RUEHHM RUEHNH
    DE RUEHPF #0131/01 0250735
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    R 250735Z JAN 07
    FM AMEMBASSY PHNOM PENH
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 7905
    INFO RUCNASE/ASEAN MEMBER COLLECTIVE

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 PHNOM PENH 000131

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE
    SIPDIS

    STATE FOR EAP FO, EAP/MLS, EAP/RSP AND G/TIP

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PGOV PHUM PREL CB
    SUBJECT: PDAS STEPHENS MEETS CAMBODIA'S POLITICAL AND CIVIL
    SOCIETY ELITE

    REF: PHNOM PENH 109

    ¶1.  (SBU)  Summary.  EAP Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary
    of State Kathleen Stephens visited Cambodia January 20-24.
    Stephens spoke at EAP Management Conference, met with PM Hun
    Sen (reftel) and visited a number of USG-funded programs.
    She also met Interior Minister Sar Kheng, Foreign Minister
    Hor Namhong and various other political and civic leaders.
    During Stephens's meeting with Interior Minister Sar Kheng,
    she pressed the minister to ensure that the upcoming
    Cambodian elections would be transparent and urged continued
    cooperation on the issue of Trafficking-in-Persons (TIP). The
    Ambassador also used the opportunity to ask the Minister to
    help rectify problems with the draft anti-TIP law. The PDAS
    and Foreign Minister Hor Namhong shared views on North Korea
    and Burma.  During a lively exchange among Cambodia's civil
    society and opposition leaders at the Ambassador's residence,
    Stephens heard about the shortcomings, as well as successes,
    of the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC).  At a breakfast
    hosted by the DCM with Cambodia's preeminent female political
    leaders, the PDAS heard of their efforts to lift the role of
    women in Cambodia.   End Summary.

    ------------------------------
    Meeting with Interior Minister
    ------------------------------

    ¶2.  (SBU)  Expressing his hope that relations between the US
    and Cambodia would "last forever," Interior Minister Sar
    Kheng thanked the US for assistance in political, human
    rights, security, and development issues.  He described
    Cambodia's trafficking in persons (TIP) ranking upgrade from
    Tier III to Tier II Watchlist as an encouraging step for
    which he and the Ambassador should both claim some credit.
    The Minister said that it was important that the US lift
    sanctions on military assistance to Cambodia, and expressed
    excitement about the upcoming visit of a US naval frigate.
    Preparations for April 1 local elections are coming along
    well, he noted, and the government expects elections to go
    smoothly.  He was "pleased and proud" that Cambodia had not
    experienced the terrorism and transnational crime problems
    that other countries in the region had.

    ¶3.  (SBU)  PDAS Stephens noted that Washington sees
    opportunities to move ahead even more strongly in areas where
    we cooperate together.  She emphasized that the US and other
    countries will be watching the local elections closely and
    would hope to see nonviolent elections with improvements in
    transparency and management.  Similarly, TIP is a
    high-profile issue that some people use to make judgements
    about countries, Stephens said.  Sar Kheng responded that
    Cambodia needed a democratic environment, multiple political
    parties, and elections; local elections, in particular,
    deepened the democratic process and culture in Cambodia.
    Cambodia's TIP cooperation would continue as the RGC
    implemented the recently signed anti-trafficking MOU with
    USAID.

    ¶4.  (SBU)  The Ambassador encouraged the Minister to weigh in
    on an on-going debate between the Ministries of Women's
    Affairs and Justice about punishments provided for in the
    draft anti-TIP legislation, which some observers fear is too
    lenient.  The Minister agreed that he "saw the problem" but
    noted that, for now, the Ministry of Justice was in charge of
    looking at punishments in all laws. (Note: Based on the
    current Ministry of Justice-endorsed draft of the anti-TIP
    law, maximum sentences for child-sex offenders would be
    reduced from 10 to 20 years under current law to just two to
    five years.  In addition, the draft law allows judges to fine
    offenders between USD 1,000 and USD 2,500 in lieu of a prison
    sentence.  The Ministry of Women's Affairs has been
    attempting to amend the draft's language to ensure more
    stringent sentences. End Note.)

    -----------------------------
    Meeting with Foreign Minister
    -----------------------------

    ¶5.  (SBU)  Foreign Minister Hor Namhong spoke of the
    improving relationship between the U.S. and Cambodia by
    highlighting the close cooperation on counterterrorism as
    well as thanking the U.S. for aid in fighting HIV and bird
    flu.  The FM then addressed the ASEAN-U.S. enhanced
    partnership, hinting that Asian countries were working
    together in an increasingly coordinated bloc.  Turning to
    North Korea, he reiterated Cambodia's condemnation of the
    missile test but asked that the U.S. show flexibility in the
    six-party talks.  The FM told Stephens that South Korea had
    asked Cambodia to pass a message to the DPRK encouraging

    PHNOM PENH 00000131  002 OF 002

    peaceful dialogue which Cambodia had done in 2006.  The FM
    also asked the U.S. to support Cambodia's membership in APEC.

    ¶6.  (SBU)  The PDAS said 2006 was a good year for bilateral
    relations.  She emphasized that a "nuclear" North Korea is
    unacceptable.  Raising the issue of Burma, she stated that
    ASEAN had a responsibility to highlight Burma's behavior.
    Turning to Cambodian domestic issues, the PDAS reiterated USG
    hopes that the upcoming commune elections would be conducted
    in a free and transparent manner. Concerning the ongoing
    problems with the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, she stated that it
    would be embarrassing for Cambodia if the effort fell apart.
    The FM responded to the issue of Burma by saying that it was
    better to engage Burma than to contain it and asserted that
    ASEAN leaders were privately pushing for reform.  He also
    asked that PDAS re-convey his invitation( first issued during
    their pull-aside in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in July 2006) to
    Secretary Rice to visit Cambodia and see Angkor Wat.

    SIPDIS

    --------------------------------------------- ---
    Dinner with Civil Society and Opposition leaders
    --------------------------------------------- ---

    ¶7.  (SBU)  During a dinner hosted by the Ambassador, the PDAS
    heard from opposition Sam Rainsy Party (SRP) MP and Party
    Whip Son Chhay that Cambodian democracy is regressing to a
    highly centralized one-party-controlled state similar to that
    which governed Cambodia in the 1980s.  Roland Eng, Cambodia's
    ambassador-at-large and former Ambassador to the U.S., argued
    that democracy is in transition, not in decline.  Suwanna
    Gauntlet, the country director of environmental NGO WildAid,
    noted her group's relationship with the government has been
    excellent and the Prime Minister has personally helped her
    aims in forest and wildlife conservation.  In contrast, Margo
    Pickens, Country Director for the Cambodia Office of the
    United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, and Kek
    Galabru, president of the human rights organization LICADHO,
    discussed the inhumane way victims of land disputes are being
    treated and described how little the RGC has done to help
    them.  When asked by the PDAS why people still vote for the
    ruling party, Ly Korm, president of the Cambodian Tourism and
    Service Workers, mentioned that the CPP has provided
    stability after a long civil war.  Former political prisoner
    and president of the Cambodian Center for Human Rights Kem
    Sokha thought that divisions in the opposition explained the
    CPP's hold on power.  The PDAS also heard about the role of
    the younger generation in fostering development and the
    weakness of provincial and local governments in Cambodia.

    --------------------------------------------- -----
    Breakfast with Cambodia's Female Political Leaders
    --------------------------------------------- -----

    ¶8.  (SBU)  At breakfast hosted by the DCM, the PDAS met four
    of Cambodia's preeminent female political leaders.
    Interestingly, Mu Sochua, the opposition SRP Secretary
    General, described as "mentors" both Princess Norodom Marie
    Ranariddh, head of Cambodia's HIV/AIDS Authority, and Kim
    Sathavy, Cambodia's first female Supreme Court judge. She
    also characterized as a protg Ing Kantha Phavi, the
    Minister for Women's Affairs.  Phavi added that as women's
    affairs minister she promoted passage of the domestic
    violence law that Sochua helped draft when she was in charge
    of the same ministry.  Sochua displayed clear discomfort with
    her decision to leave the FUNCINPEC party to which Phavi and
    Ranariddh still belong, but she argued a certain "kinship"
    still bound the women together.  Turning to Cambodia's
    justice system, Sathavy, who is not a member of any political
    party, admitted the court system is not credible.  However,
    it is improving, she added, arguing that the concept of a
    professional judiciary is young in Cambodia.  Particularly
    troublesome for the courts, she noted were the many land
    disputes that the courts had to adjudicate.  Princess
    Ranariddh and Phavi both mentioned that they were facing
    problems with land that they owned.

    ¶9.  (U)  PDAS Stephens did not have the chance to clear this
    message.
    MUSSOMELI

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