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### Viewing cable 08BUENOSAIRES1324, Argentina and Brazil Pledge Increased Cooperation

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
08BUENOSAIRES1324 | 2008-09-23 12:12 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Buenos Aires

`

    VZCZCXYZ0000
    RR RUEHWEB

    DE RUEHBU #1324/01 2671212
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    R 231212Z SEP 08
    FM AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 2087
    INFO RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHINGTON DC
    RUCPDOC/USDOC WASHINGTON DC
    RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHINGTON DC
    RHEFDIA/DIA WASHINGTON DC
    RUCNMER/MERCOSUR COLLECTIVE
    RHMFIUU/HQ USSOUTHCOM MIAMI FL
    RUEHLI/AMEMBASSY LISBON 0043
    RUEHMD/AMEMBASSY MADRID 2129

` `

    UNCLAS BUENOS AIRES 001324

    PASS NSC FOR MICHAEL SMART
    US SOUTHCOM FOR POLAD

    SENSITIVE
    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: ECON PREL EINV ENRG EFIN EIND MARR MCAP SENV AR BR
    SUBJECT: Argentina and Brazil Pledge Increased Cooperation

    Reftel:   (A) Buenos Aires 1279
          (B) Buenos Aires 1277
          (C) Buenos Aires 1116
          (D) Buenos Aires 230

    -------
    Summary
    -------

    ¶1. (SBU) Argentine President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner (CFK)
    and Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula Da Silva (Lula) pledged
    increased cooperation and agreed on a number of economic and
    infrastructure deals during a September 6-8 CFK state visit to
    Brazil.  The fact that the summit constituted CFK's first state
    visit of her presidency and was timed to coincide with Brazil's
    186th national day celebrations underscored the value that CFK
    places on Argentina's relationship with Brazil.  The most important
    agreements signed and issues covered included: plans to replace the
    U.S. dollar with local currencies in their bilateral trade; a pledge
    to work together on global trade talks; discussion of digital TV
    standards; further nuclear cooperation;  creation of a joint
    infrastructure investment fund by the nation's development banks;
    increased military cooperation; the consideration to locate a Brazil
    state-owned aircraft Embraer plant in Argentina, along with the
    possible purchase of Embraer planes by Aerolineas Argentinas; and
    increased electricity, gas, and rail interconnections.  CFK also
    inaugurated a wind energy production plant built by an Argentine
    multinational.  While most of these agreements are merely formal
    expressions of support for plans already in development, the summit
    underscored the close ties between these allies, Mercosur's two
    biggest members.  END SUMMARY.

    --------------------------
    Broad areas of cooperation
    --------------------------

    ¶2. (SBU) Argentine President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner (CFK)
    and Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula Da Silva (Lula) pledged
    increased bilateral cooperation and agreed on a number of economic
    and infrastructure deals during a September 6-8 CFK state visit to
    Brazil.  According to a joint press release, the "meetings also
    allowed the presidents to advance the Argentina-Brazil Integration
    and Coordination Mechanism (the first was held in Buenos Aires in
    February 2008 - ref D), and to review the broad spectrum of the
    bilateral relationship."

    ¶3. (SBU) CFK was accompanied by senior GOA officials, including
    Foreign Minister Jorge Taiana, Defense Minster Nilda Garre, Economy
    Mininster Carlos Fernandez, Planning Minister Julio De Vido, and
    Buenos Aires Provincial Governor Daniel Scioli.  The GOB side was
    similarly represented.

    ¶4. (SBU) The summit produced a 17-page "Joint Declaration" that
    lists areas of current and potential cooperation.  The Declaration
    established four subcommittees to further expand cooperation:
    macro-economic coordination and S&T; energy, transportation, and
    infrastructure; defense and security; and health, education, social
    development, culture, and movement of people.  Among the
    Declaration's highlights, the two sides reiterated their promise to
    deepen Mercosur, "the principal path for regional integration for
    both nations from the political, social and economic-commercial
    point of view," and highlighted the "fundamental" importance of
    addressing Mercosur member nations' imposition of secondary internal
    tariffs above and beyond the bloc's common external tariff.  The
    declaration hailed the full implementation of Mercosur's Structural
    Fund for Convergence (which compensates Uruguay and Paraguay for
    investments lost to predominant members Argentina and Brazil) for
    its "great importance in correcting asymmetries" between member
    states, and reiterated their promise to facilitate a system of
    financial guarantees as a first step towards the establishment of a
    Mercosur fund to assist small and medium-sized firms.  The
    Declaration "reiterated Argentina and Brazil's disposition "to
    continue extra-regional negotiations" and move forward on long
    stalled Mercosur-EU FTA talks, as well as to "deepen South-South
    trade negotiations."  Finally, the Declaration established the date
    of the Third Bilateral Integration and Coordination meeting for
    April 23, 2009, in Buenos Aires.

    --------------------------------------------- --------
    First CFK state visit underscores strong GOA-GOB ties
    --------------------------------------------- --------

    ¶5. (SBU) This was CFK's first state visit of her presidency, and was
    timed to coincide with Brazil's 186th national day celebrations.  It
    also reciprocated a state visit by President Lula to Argentina
    earlier in the year (ref D).  Her visit included meetings with
    President Lula, congressional and Supreme Court representatives, and
    business leaders.  According to a GOB press announcement, CFK made a
    "state visit to Brazil to participate as the guest of honor of the
    National Day commemorations."

    ¶6. (SBU) According to a high-level Argentine MFA official, the GOA
    was very pleased with the visit and, while acknowledging that most
    if not all of the agreements formalized initiatives already in
    various stages of development, the visit represented an important
    milestone and agenda-setter for CFK's presidency, strengthening what
    is for Argentina its most important bilateral relationship.
    According to an May 2008 State Department INR poll about which
    bilateral relationship is the most important to Argentines, Brazil
    was by far the number-one choice, at 58%, followed by Venezuela at
    27%, and the United States at 23%.  In a similar poll that gauged
    regional leaders' appeal, Lula had the highest positive approval
    ratings at 64%, followed by Bolivian President Morales at 50%, and
    Chile's Michelle Bachelet at 45% (POTUS was at 4%).  All new
    Argentine Foreign Service Officers are required to learn Portuguese,
    as well as English, and the Brazilian DCM told us recently that he
    conducts many of his meetings at the Foreign Ministry in Portuguese.

    ---------------------------------------------
    Replacing trade in dollars for local currency
    ---------------------------------------------

    ¶7. (SBU) Lula and CFK reiterated their support for an earlier
    announced plan to replace the U.S. dollar with local currencies
    (Argentine peso and Brazilian real) in settling their bilateral
    trade accounts (ref C).  The Declaration noted "satisfaction" with
    the recent agreement between the Argentine and Brazilian central
    banks to implement this system, and that it will come into force in
    "as short a time as possible."  GOA and GOB officials stated that
    the move could significantly reduce financial costs and red tape on
    bilateral trade, which will reach $30 billion in 2008 (with an
    estimated $5 billion Brazilian surplus).  It remains unclear when
    this plan will come into operation: the GOA and GOB central banks
    announced in June that they would implement this payment system in
    September 2008.  The plan calls for a unified "reference" exchange
    rate between the real and peso, as a way to "deepen regional
    integration and increase the exchange of goods."  In June 2008,
    Brazilian Finance Minister Guido Mantega said it would reduce
    transaction costs and benefit small- and medium-size businesses, and
    that "in the long run it's a path to a common currency."  The first
    stage of the plan includes only Brazil and Argentina, but could be
    expanded to include Uruguay and Paraguay.  Venezuela has also
    expressed interest in this initiative.

    --------------------------
    Coordinating WTO positions
    --------------------------

    ¶8. (SBU) The declaration called for each country's international
    trade negotiating groups to "maintain permanent contacts and hold
    periodic meetings to consult and coordinate positions on the issues
    included in the WTO agenda and evaluation of international trade
    with the objective of a common position."  Local analysts believe
    that the collapse of the WTO Doha Development Round talks and
    end-game disagreements in Geneva between the GOA and GOB over
    appropriate industrial tariff cuts have prompted Mercosur to seek a
    common front as it pursues trade deals elsewhere, particularly with
    the European Union. (Mercosur-EU FTA talks had stalled during
    extended Doha round negotiations.)  "It is fundamental that Mercosur
    speak with a single voice in the world," President Lula said during
    a luncheon in honor of CFK.

    ----------------------------------
    Synchronizing digital TV standards
    ----------------------------------

    ¶9. (SBU) The declaration called for the GOA Ministry of Planning and
    GOB Ministry of Communications "to hold regular meetings with the
    objective of exchanging technical and institutional information and
    exploring the mutually advantageous opportunities of a partnership
    for both countries in the issues of investment, equipment
    production, strengthening of the production integration,
    technological development, promotion of research and cooperation in
    the field of developing software, among other possibilities
    associated with digital TV."  Although the local media has portrayed
    this chapter as a possible prelude to GOA formally accepting
    Brazil's modified  Japanese DTV standard, there have been no formal
    GoA declarations to this effect. (Ref C details recent developments
    in the competition between U.S.-, European- and Japanese-led groups
    to have Argentina adopt their DTV standard as well as Embassy
    advocacy efforts.)

    -----------------------------
    Expanding nuclear cooperation
    -----------------------------

    ¶10. (SBU) The two sides expressed their satisfaction with the
    GOA-GOB March 2008 bilateral Nuclear Energy Commission (COBEN), and
    for the May 2008 Binational Seminar on Nuclear Cooperation.  They
    expressed their intention to create a joint state company (EBEN)
    that will develop compact nuclear reactors and perform uranium
    enrichment.  They instructed each side's relevant authorities to
    identify possible areas of financing that will permit the quick
    implementation of specific joint projects, and set the next COBEN
    meeting for October 22 in Buenos Aires.

    ----------------------------
    Development bank cooperation
    ----------------------------

    ¶11. (SBU) Both sides agreed to create an investment fund to finance
    joint infrastructure projects.  The two sides signed an agreement
    for Brazil's National Bank for Economic and Social Development
    (BNDES), Argentina's (state-owned) National Bank (Banco de la
    Nacion), and Argentina's state-owned mezzanine financing Bank of
    Investment and Foreign Trade (BICE) to create a fund to finance up
    to $30 billion in infrastructure projects and bilateral trade, and
    to "work on new viable economic projects of strategic interest of
    both governments."

    -------------
    Military ties
    -------------

    ¶12. (SBU) In the area of "Defense and Security," the Declaration
    highlighted the "Joint Defense Working Group" that has identified 16
    projects related to Army, Navy and Air Force cooperation.  These
    include cooperation and information exchange on naval gas turbines
    motor overhaul, sonar repairs, terminal missile homing systems,
    diesel motor maintenance, submarine repair, the development of a
    multipurpose naval patrol vessel, amphibious vehicle modernization,
    and radar modernization.  The Declaration also noted their intention
    to continue joint development of a lightweight military vehicle
    ("Gaucho") whose full production could begin next year.

    ¶13. (SBU) Mil Group Comment: For the GOA Armed Forces and MOD, this
    agreement appears to advance their objectives of maintaining and
    modernizing their existing military systems and improving logistics
    efficiency.  The plan to cooperate on sonar operations speaks to the
    GOA Navy's relatively stronger technical and operational experience
    in  Argentina's shallower ports.  Overall, it appears  Argentina is
    offering its technical expertise in the hopes of gaining access to
    Brazil's financial resources to repair and update their current
    systems.  End MilGroup comment.

    --------------------------------------------- -
    Possible EMBRAER aircraft production and sales
    --------------------------------------------- -

    ¶14. (SBU) The declaration also noted the two sides' intention to
    discuss the possibility that Brazilian aircraft and components be
    produced in Argentina.  Although the declaration did not name
    Brazilian aircraft manufacturer Embraer by name, the agreement
    appeared to confirm earlier press reports that the GoA is interested
    in having Brazilian aircraft manufacturer Embraer set up an assembly
    plant in Argentina.  According to these same press reports, recently
    renationalized flag carrier Aerolineas Argentinas (Ref B) could buy
    up to 26 Embraer-190 narrow-body, twin-engine, medium-range
    airliners.

    ¶15. (SBU) Comment:  The possibility that Embraer could set up a
    production facility in Argentina is also consistent with Embassy
    Buenos Aires Milgroup's view that the GOA MOD would like to turn its
    current aircraft facilities in Cordoba, now managed by Lockheed
    Martin, into a regional center which would, among other things,
    build and maintain both military and civilian airframes (the latter
    for Aerolineas Argentinas).  For this to be possible, the GOA MOD
    knows that it needs an outside investor, with a business plan and
    regional market.  Embraer has long been the leading candidate, and
    Milgroup understands that the MOD has approached the Brazilian firm
    in the past about this prospect.  End comment.

    -----------------------------------------
    Developing energy infrastructure projects
    -----------------------------------------

    ¶16. (SBU) The two sides pledged to work together on joint energy
    infrastructure projects, including accelerating development of the
    long planned binational hydro-electric project on the Uruguay River.
     The accord stipulates that the two will hold a bidding process
    within 24 months for their first joint hydroelectric plant, to be
    located in the city of Garabi, along their shared border on the
    Uruguay River.  The $2 billion plant will have a two GW electricity
    generation capacity.  President Lula also invited Argentina to help
    build part of the infrastructure Brazil needs to develop massive
    offshore oil and gas discoveries it made last year.

    --------------------------------------------- --
    Increased electricity, gas, and rail connections
    --------------------------------------------- --

    ¶17. (SBU) The GOA and GOB pledged to investigate the possibility of
    "increasing and expanding" their electricity and gas connections
    already in existence.  The Declaration called for continued
    discussions to develop a plan for a possible
    Brazil-Argentina-Paraguay-Chile transoceanic rail, to run from
    Paranagua, Brazil, to Antofagasta, Chile. (This proposed rail link
    has been raised in previous bilateral and regional discussions.)  It
    also called for greater rail links between the Argentina and Brazil.

    ----------------------------------
    Inauguration of wind energy plant
    ----------------------------------

    ¶18. (SBU) In a separate trip to the northern Brazilian city of
    Recife, CFK inaugurated what was reported to be the first wind
    energy production plant in northeast Brazil, built by Argentina's
    Pescarmona Group, Impsa Wind.  The $79 million plant will assemble
    wind generators from components manufactured in Argentina for the
    Brazilian and regional markets.  The company will directly generate
    300 jobs in Brazil and is part of an announced four-year, $1.5
    billion regional investment project expected to create as many as
    24,000 direct and indirect jobs in Mercosur countries.

    --------------------------
    Other areas of cooperation
    --------------------------

    ¶19. (SBU) The Declaration also called for future discussions related
    to: economic policy coordination, bilateral trade and integration,
    the development of an Argentine-Brazilian satellite for ocean
    observation, nanotechnology cooperation, renewable energy, new
    bridges on the Uruguay river, joint river boat production for use on
    the Parana River border, agreements on civil and political rights
    and harmonizing the laws of both countries to achieve this goal,
    free circulation of people, and closer cooperation and
    standardization in the areas of health care and medical standards.

    -------
    Comment
    -------

    ¶20. (SBU) Although these agreements - or announcements of ongoing
    and future cooperation - may appear at first glance to lack
    substance or hard commitments, their breadth and scope underline the
    very close relationship the two nations enjoy.  The agreements also
    allowed both governments to signal publicly their close relationship
    and close cooperation.  The GoA's message in the way it approached
    this visit was clear: Brazil represents Argentina's most important,
    strategic ally in all its foreign policy priority areas -- trade,
    investment, energy, scientific and military cooperation.

    KELLY

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