Cable Viewer

Currently released so far... 19585 / 251,287

### Articles

Brazil Sri Lanka United Kingdom Sweden 00. Editorial United States Latin America Egypt Jordan Yemen Thailand

### Browse latest releases

2010/11 2010/12 2011/01 2011/02 2011/03 2011/04 2011/05 2011/06 2011/07
2010/11/28 2010/11/29 2010/11/30
2010/12/01 2010/12/02 2010/12/03 2010/12/04 2010/12/05 2010/12/06 2010/12/07 2010/12/08 2010/12/09 2010/12/10 2010/12/11 2010/12/12 2010/12/13 2010/12/14 2010/12/15 2010/12/16 2010/12/17 2010/12/18 2010/12/19 2010/12/20 2010/12/21 2010/12/22 2010/12/23 2010/12/24 2010/12/25 2010/12/26 2010/12/27 2010/12/28 2010/12/29 2010/12/30
2011/01/01 2011/01/02 2011/01/04 2011/01/05 2011/01/07 2011/01/09 2011/01/11 2011/01/12 2011/01/13 2011/01/14 2011/01/15 2011/01/16 2011/01/17 2011/01/18 2011/01/19 2011/01/20 2011/01/21 2011/01/22 2011/01/23 2011/01/24 2011/01/25 2011/01/26 2011/01/27 2011/01/28 2011/01/29 2011/01/30 2011/01/31
2011/02/01 2011/02/02 2011/02/03 2011/02/04 2011/02/05 2011/02/06 2011/02/07 2011/02/08 2011/02/09 2011/02/10 2011/02/11 2011/02/12 2011/02/13 2011/02/14 2011/02/15 2011/02/16 2011/02/17 2011/02/18 2011/02/19 2011/02/20 2011/02/21 2011/02/22 2011/02/23 2011/02/24 2011/02/25 2011/02/26 2011/02/27 2011/02/28
2011/03/01 2011/03/02 2011/03/03 2011/03/04 2011/03/05 2011/03/06 2011/03/07 2011/03/08 2011/03/09 2011/03/10 2011/03/11 2011/03/13 2011/03/14 2011/03/15 2011/03/16 2011/03/17 2011/03/18 2011/03/19 2011/03/20 2011/03/21 2011/03/22 2011/03/23 2011/03/24 2011/03/25 2011/03/26 2011/03/27 2011/03/28 2011/03/29 2011/03/30 2011/03/31
2011/04/01 2011/04/02 2011/04/03 2011/04/04 2011/04/05 2011/04/06 2011/04/07 2011/04/08 2011/04/09 2011/04/10 2011/04/11 2011/04/12 2011/04/13 2011/04/14 2011/04/15 2011/04/16 2011/04/17 2011/04/18 2011/04/19 2011/04/20 2011/04/21 2011/04/22 2011/04/23 2011/04/24 2011/04/25 2011/04/26 2011/04/27 2011/04/28 2011/04/29 2011/04/30
2011/05/01 2011/05/02 2011/05/03 2011/05/04 2011/05/05 2011/05/06 2011/05/07 2011/05/08 2011/05/09 2011/05/10 2011/05/11 2011/05/12 2011/05/13 2011/05/14 2011/05/15 2011/05/16 2011/05/17 2011/05/18 2011/05/19 2011/05/20 2011/05/21 2011/05/22 2011/05/23 2011/05/24 2011/05/25 2011/05/26 2011/05/27 2011/05/28 2011/05/29 2011/05/30 2011/05/31
2011/06/01 2011/06/02 2011/06/03 2011/06/04 2011/06/05 2011/06/06 2011/06/07 2011/06/08 2011/06/09 2011/06/10 2011/06/11 2011/06/12 2011/06/13 2011/06/14 2011/06/15 2011/06/16 2011/06/17 2011/06/18 2011/06/19 2011/06/20 2011/06/21 2011/06/22 2011/06/23 2011/06/24 2011/06/25 2011/06/26 2011/06/27 2011/06/28 2011/06/29 2011/06/30
2011/07/01 2011/07/02 2011/07/04 2011/07/05 2011/07/06 2011/07/07 2011/07/08 2011/07/10 2011/07/11 2011/07/12 2011/07/13 2011/07/14 2011/07/15 2011/07/16 2011/07/17 2011/07/18 2011/07/19 2011/07/20 2011/07/21 2011/07/22

### Browse by creation date

66 72 73 75 79 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
1966/12
1972/02 1972/08
1973/04
1975/03
1979/08
1985/03 1985/05 1985/06
1986/05 1986/08 1986/12
1987/06
1988/01 1988/03 1988/04 1988/07 1988/08 1988/12
1989/12
1990/01 1990/07 1990/08 1990/10
1991/05 1991/07 1991/11
1992/01 1992/03 1992/06 1992/09 1992/12
1993/01 1993/02 1993/10
1994/11 1994/12
1995/01 1995/04 1995/06 1995/11
1996/07 1996/09 1996/11
1997/02 1997/03 1997/05 1997/06 1997/08 1997/10 1997/12
1998/05 1998/12
1999/01 1999/09
2000/05 2000/06 2000/09 2000/11
2001/02 2001/03 2001/04 2001/05 2001/06 2001/07 2001/09 2001/10 2001/11 2001/12
2002/01 2002/02 2002/03 2002/04 2002/06 2002/07 2002/08 2002/09 2002/11 2002/12
2003/01 2003/02 2003/03 2003/04 2003/05 2003/06 2003/07 2003/08 2003/09 2003/10 2003/11 2003/12
2004/01 2004/02 2004/03 2004/04 2004/05 2004/06 2004/07 2004/08 2004/09 2004/10 2004/11 2004/12
2005/01 2005/02 2005/03 2005/04 2005/05 2005/06 2005/07 2005/08 2005/09 2005/10 2005/11 2005/12
2006/01 2006/02 2006/03 2006/04 2006/05 2006/06 2006/07 2006/08 2006/09 2006/10 2006/11 2006/12
2007/01 2007/02 2007/03 2007/04 2007/05 2007/06 2007/07 2007/08 2007/09 2007/10 2007/11 2007/12
2008/01 2008/02 2008/03 2008/04 2008/05 2008/06 2008/07 2008/08 2008/09 2008/10 2008/11 2008/12
2009/01 2009/02 2009/03 2009/04 2009/05 2009/06 2009/07 2009/08 2009/09 2009/10 2009/11 2009/12
2010/01 2010/02

### Browse by origin

A B C D F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
Embassy Athens Embassy Asuncion Embassy Astana Embassy Asmara Embassy Ashgabat Embassy Apia Embassy Ankara Embassy Amman Embassy Algiers Embassy Addis Ababa Embassy Accra Embassy Abuja Embassy Abu Dhabi Embassy Abidjan Consulate Auckland Consulate Amsterdam Consulate Adana American Institute Taiwan, Taipei
Embassy Bujumbura Embassy Buenos Aires Embassy Budapest Embassy Bucharest Embassy Brussels Embassy Bridgetown Embassy Bratislava Embassy Brasilia Embassy Bogota Embassy Bishkek Embassy Bern Embassy Berlin Embassy Belmopan Embassy Belgrade Embassy Beirut Embassy Beijing Embassy Banjul Embassy Bangkok Embassy Bandar Seri Begawan Embassy Bamako Embassy Baku Embassy Baghdad Consulate Belfast Consulate Barcelona
Embassy Copenhagen Embassy Conakry Embassy Colombo Embassy Chisinau Embassy Caracas Embassy Canberra Embassy Cairo Consulate Curacao Consulate Ciudad Juarez Consulate Chiang Mai Consulate Chennai Consulate Casablanca Consulate Cape Town Consulate Calgary
Embassy Dushanbe Embassy Dublin Embassy Doha Embassy Djibouti Embassy Dili Embassy Dhaka Embassy Dar Es Salaam Embassy Damascus Embassy Dakar Consulate Dubai Consulate Dhahran
Embassy Freetown Consulate Fukuoka
Embassy Guatemala Embassy Gaborone Consulate Guayaquil Consulate Guangzhou Consulate Guadalajara
Embassy Helsinki Embassy Harare Embassy Hanoi Consulate Hong Kong Consulate Ho Chi Minh City Consulate Hermosillo Consulate Hamilton Consulate Hamburg Consulate Halifax
Iran RPO Dubai Embassy Islamabad Consulate Istanbul
Embassy Jakarta Consulate Jerusalem Consulate Jeddah
Embassy Kyiv Embassy Kuwait Embassy Kuala Lumpur Embassy Kinshasa Embassy Kingston Embassy Kigali Embassy Khartoum Embassy Kathmandu Embassy Kampala Embassy Kabul Consulate Kolkata Consulate Karachi
Embassy Luxembourg Embassy Luanda Embassy London Embassy Ljubljana Embassy Lisbon Embassy Lima Embassy Lilongwe Embassy Libreville Embassy La Paz Consulate Lahore Consulate Lagos
Mission USOSCE Mission USNATO Mission UNESCO Mission Geneva Embassy Muscat Embassy Moscow Embassy Montevideo Embassy Monrovia Embassy Minsk Embassy Mexico Embassy Mbabane Embassy Maseru Embassy Maputo Embassy Manila Embassy Manama Embassy Managua Embassy Malabo Embassy Madrid Consulate Munich Consulate Mumbai Consulate Montreal Consulate Monterrey Consulate Milan Consulate Melbourne Consulate Matamoros
Embassy Nicosia Embassy Niamey Embassy New Delhi Embassy Ndjamena Embassy Nassau Embassy Nairobi Consulate Nuevo Laredo Consulate Naples Consulate Naha Consulate Nagoya
Embassy Ouagadougou Embassy Ottawa Embassy Oslo
Embassy Pristina Embassy Pretoria Embassy Prague Embassy Port Of Spain Embassy Port Louis Embassy Port Au Prince Embassy Phnom Penh Embassy Paris Embassy Paramaribo Embassy Panama Consulate Peshawar
Embassy Quito Consulate Quebec
REO Basrah Embassy Rome Embassy Riyadh Embassy Riga Embassy Reykjavik Embassy Rangoon Embassy Rabat Consulate Rio De Janeiro Consulate Recife
Secretary of State Embassy Suva Embassy Stockholm Embassy Sofia Embassy Skopje Embassy Singapore Embassy Seoul Embassy Sarajevo Embassy Santo Domingo Embassy Santiago Embassy Sanaa Embassy San Salvador Embassy San Jose Consulate Strasbourg Consulate St Petersburg Consulate Shenyang Consulate Shanghai Consulate Sapporo Consulate Sao Paulo
Embassy Tunis Embassy Tripoli Embassy Tokyo Embassy The Hague Embassy Tel Aviv Embassy Tehran Embassy Tegucigalpa Embassy Tbilisi Embassy Tashkent Embassy Tallinn Consulate Toronto Consulate Tijuana Consulate Thessaloniki
USUN New York USEU Brussels US Office Almaty US Mission Geneva US Interests Section Havana US Delegation, Secretary UNVIE UN Rome Embassy Ulaanbaatar
Embassy Vilnius Embassy Vientiane Embassy Vienna Embassy Vatican Embassy Valletta Consulate Vladivostok Consulate Vancouver
Embassy Windhoek Embassy Wellington Embassy Warsaw
Embassy Yerevan Embassy Yaounde
Embassy Zagreb

### Browse by tag

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
ASEC AEMR AMGT AR APECO AU AORC AJ AF AFIN AS AM ABLD AFFAIRS AMB APER AA AG AE ATRN ADM ALOW ACOA AID AND ABUD ARF AY AMED ASPA AL APEC ADPM ADANA AFSI ARABL ADCO ANARCHISTS AZ ANET AMEDCASCKFLO AADP AO AGRICULTURE AGAO ASEAN APRC AFSN AFSA AORG ACABQ AINF AINR AODE AROC APCS ARCH ADB AX AMEX ASUP ARM AQ ATFN AMBASSADOR ARAS ACBAQ AC AOPR AREP ASIG ASEX AER AVERY ASCH AFU AMG ATPDEA ASECKFRDCVISKIRFPHUMSMIGEG AORL AN AIT AGMT ACS AGR AMCHAMS AECL AUC AFGHANISTAN ACAO
BR BB BG BEXP BY BA BRUSSELS BU BD BK BL BM BE BO BTIO BH BAIO BRPA BUSH BILAT BF BX BC BOL BMGT BIDEN BP BBG BBSR BT BWC BEXPC BN BTIU
CPAS CA CASC CS CBW CIDA CO CODEL CI CROS CU CH CWC CMGT CVIS CDG CG CF CHIEF CJAN CBSA CE CY CB CW CM CDC CONS CHR CD CT CR CAMBODIA CN COUNTRY CONDOLEEZZA CZ CARICOM COM CICTE CYPRUS CBE CACS COE CIVS CFED COPUOS CTR COUNTER CARSON CV CAPC CITES CKGR CVR CLINTON COUNTERTERRORISM CITEL CLEARANCE CSW CIC CITT CARIB CAFTA CACM CDB CJUS CTM CAN CAJC CONSULAR CLMT CBC CIA CNARC CIS CEUDA CHINA CAC CL
DR DJ DB DHS DAO DCM DO DEFENSE DA DE DK DOMESTIC DISENGAGEMENT DOD DOT DPRK DEPT DEA DOE DTRA DS DEAX
ECON ETTC EFIS ETRD EC EMIN EAGR EAID EU EFIN EUN ECIN EG EWWT EINV ENRG ELAB EPET EN EAIR EUMEM ECPS ELTN EIND EZ EI ER ET EINT ECONOMIC ENIV EFTA ES ECONOMY ENV EAG ENGR EET ELECTIONS ESTH ETRO EPEC ECIP EXIM ENERG EREL EK EDEV ERNG EPA ENGY ETRAD ELTNSNAR ETRC ELAP EUREM EEB EETC ENVI EXTERNAL ELN ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS EAIDS ECOSOC EDU EPREL EINVEFIN ECA EIDN EINVKSCA EFINECONCS ETC ENVR EAP EINN EXBS ECONOMICS EIAR EINDETRD ECONEFIN EURN ETRDEINVTINTCS EFIM EINVETC ECONCS EDRC ENRD EBRD ETRA ESA EAIG EUR EUC ERD ETRN EINVECONSENVCSJA EEPET EUNCH ESENV ENNP ECINECONCS ETRDECONWTOCS ECUN
FR FI FOREIGN FTAA FARC FREEDOM FAS FAO FBI FINANCE FCS FAA FJ FTA FK FT FAC FINR FDA FM FOR FOI FO FMLN FISO
GM GERARD GT GA GG GR GTIP GE GY GH GLOBAL GB GEORGE GCC GV GC GAZA GL GOV GOI GF GTMO GANGS GAERC GZ GUILLERMO GASPAR
HR HA HYMPSK HO HK HUMAN HN HUD HU HURI HILLARY HI HUM HSTC HEBRON HUMOR
IZ IN IAEA IS IMO ILO IR IC IT ITU IV IMF IBRD IWC IPR IRAQI IDB ISRAELI ITALY IADB ITPGOV ITALIAN ID ICAO ICRC INR IFAD ICJ IO IRAQ INL INMARSAT INRA INTERNAL INTELSAT INDO ILC IRS IIP IQ ITRA IEFIN ISCON ICTY IAHRC IA INTERPOL IEA INRB ISRAEL IZPREL IRAJ IF ITPHUM IL IACI IDA ISLAMISTS IGAD ITF INRO IBET IDP ICTR IRC
JA JO JM JP JOHN JUS JAMES JOSEPH JOHNNIE JML JIMENEZ
KOMC KNNP KFLO KDEM KSUM KIPR KFLU KPAO KE KCRM KJUS KAWC KZ KSCA KDRG KCOR KGHG KPAL KTIP KMCA KCRS KPKO KOLY KRVC KVPR KG KWBG KMDR KTER KSPR KV KTFN KWMN KFRD KSTH KS KN KISL KGIC KSEP KFIN KTEX KTIA KUNR KCMR KMOC KCIP KTDB KBIO KU KSAF KHIV KSTC KIRF KIRC KMPI KIDE KSEO KSCS KNNNP KNUC KGLB KICC KCFE KIVP KTDD KPWR KO KNUP KHLS KR KCOM KESS KCSY KWN KRFD KREC KBCT KICCPUR KGIT KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KOCI KREL KMCC KPRP KVIR KPRV KPAOPREL KAUST KAID KIRP KLAB KCRIM KPAONZ KCRCM KHDP KHSA KNAR KICA KGHA KTRD KTAO KPAOY KINR KFSC KJUST KWAC KNPP KNDP KSCI KMRS KTBT KNNPMNUC KAWK KHUM KBTS KACT KPIR KERG KMFO KTLA KPOA KX KVRP KENV KRCM KCFC KNEI KCHG KPLS KFTFN KTFM KLIG KDEMAF KRAD KBTR KGCC KSEC KPIN KDEV KWWMN KOM KWNM KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KRGY KIFR KSAC KWMNCS KPAK KOMS KFPC KRIM KDDG KCGC KPAI KID KMIG KNSD KWMM
LY LE LABOR LO LH LAB LI LTTE LU LA LVPR LT LG LOG
MARR MX MASS MOPS MNUC MCAP MTCRE MRCRE MTRE MASC MY MK MO MCC MCA MAS MZ MIL MU ML MTCR MEPP MG MI MINUSTAH MA MP MD MAPP MAR MR MOPPS MTS MLS MILI MEPN MEPI MEETINGS MERCOSUR MW MT MIK MN MAPS MV MILITARY MARAD MDC MACEDONIA MASSMNUC MUCN MEDIA MQADHAFI MPOS MPS MC
NZ NATO NI NO NU NG NL NPT NS NSF NA NP NATIONAL NASA NC NDP NIH NIPP NSSP NK NEGROPONTE NE NAS NGO NATOIRAQ NAR NR NZUS NARC NH NSG NAFTA NEW NRR NT NOVO NATOPREL NEA NSC NV NPA NSFO NW NORAD NPG NOAA
OTRA OECD OVIP OREP OPRC ODC OIIP OPDC OAS OSCE OPIC OMS OEXC OPCW OSCI OIE OPAD ODIP OM OFDP OEXP OFFICIALS OPEC OVIPPRELUNGANU ODPC OSHA OHUM OSIC OTR OMIG OSAC OBSP OFDA OVP ON OCII OES OCS OIC
PGOV PREL PARM PINR PHUM PM PREF PTER PK PINS PBIO PHSA PE PBTS PL POL PAK POV POLITICS POLICY PA PNAT PCI PAS PALESTINIAN PPA PO PH PROV PRELBR PERM PETR PROP PJUS PREZ PAO POLITICAL PRELPK PAIGH PROG PMAR PU PG PDOV PTE PGOVSOCI PY PGOF PMIL PGOR PBTSRU PERL PREO PSI PRAM PINO PARMS PTERE PRGOV PORG PP PS PKFK PSOE PEPR PDEM PINT PRELP PREFA PNG PTBS PFOR PUNE PGOVLO PHUMBA POLINT PGOVE PHALANAGE PARTY PECON PLN PHUH PEDRO PF PHUS PETER PARTIES PCUL PGGV PSA PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA PGIV PHUMPREL POGOV PEL PINL PBT PINF PRL PSEPC POSTS PAHO PHUMPGOV PGOC PNR
QA
RS RP RU RW RFE RCMP RIGHTSPOLMIL RO ROBERT RM RICE REGION ROOD RELAM RSP RF RELATIONS RIGHTS RUPREL REMON RPEL REACTION REPORT RSO
SZ SENV SOCI SNAR SY SO SP SU SI SMIG SYR SA SCUL SW SR SYRIA SNARM SPECIALIST SG SENS SF SEN SENVQGR SENVEAGREAIDTBIOECONSOCIXR SN SC SNA SK SL SMIL SCRM SENVSXE SAARC SNARIZ STEINBERG SARS SWE SCRS SAN ST SIPDIS SSA SPCVIS SOFA SENVKGHG SANC SHI SEVN SHUM SH SNARCS SPCE SNARN SIPRS
TRGY TBIO TSPA TU TPHY TI TX TH TIP TSPL TNGD TS TW TRSY TZ TP TN TINT TC TR TIO TF TK TRAD TT TD TWI TERRORISM TL TV TO TURKEY TSPAM TREL TRT TFIN TAGS THPY TBID
UK UNSC UNGA UN US UZ USEU UG UP UNAUS UNMIK USTR UY UNRCR UNESCO UNHRC UNICEF USPS UNSCR UNHCR UNFICYP UNCSD UNEP USAID USOAS UNDP UV USDA UNTAC UNMIC USUN UNCHR UNCTAD UR USGS USNC UA UE UNVIE UAE UNO UNODC UNCHS UNDESCO UNC UNPUOS UNDC UNCHC UNFCYP UNIDROIT UNCND
VE VM VT VZ VEPREL VN VTEG VTIZ VTPREL VISIT VENZ VAT VC VI
WHTI WIPO WTRO WTO WHO WFP WS WA WZ WI WMD WBG WWARD WHA WITH WTRQ WEU WMO WB
XA XW XX XK XL XM XS XF XY XR XG XT XC XH XD XE XV XB XU XZ XQ XI XTAG
YI YM YE YL YMCS
ZU ZI ZOELLICK ZP ZR ZO ZK ZF ZL ZB ZN ZH ZT ZJ ZEALAND ZA ZANU

### Browse by classification

CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL//NOFORN SECRET SECRET//NOFORN UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

### Community resources

Follow us on Twitter Check our Reddit Twitter this Digg this page Contact us on IRC

courage is contagious

### Viewing cable 05BRASILIA2387, BRAZIL CORRUPTION SCANDAL: A GUIDE TO IMPEACHMENT

If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs
Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:

- The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
- The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
- The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.

To understand the justification used for the classification of each cable, please use this WikiSource article as reference.
Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #05BRASILIA2387.

Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05BRASILIA2387 | 2005-09-09 19:09 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy Brasilia

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 03 BRASILIA 002387

    SIPDIS

    TREASURY FOR PARODI; STATE PASS TO USTR AND USAID/LAC

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 09/09/2015
    TAGS: PGOV PREL ECON BR
    SUBJECT: BRAZIL CORRUPTION SCANDAL: A GUIDE TO IMPEACHMENT
    MECHANICS

    REF: A. BRASILIA 2219
         ¶B. BRASILIA 2150
         ¶C. BRASILIA 2082
         ¶D. BRASILIA 2025
         ¶E. BRASILIA 1979
         ¶F. BRASILIA 1874
         ¶G. BRASILIA 1973
         ¶H. BRASILIA 1631
         ¶I. BRASILIA 2242
         ¶J. BRASILIA 2237
         ¶K. BRASILIA 2305
         ¶L. BRASILIA 2348

    Classified By: POLITICAL COUNSELOR DENNIS HEARNE. REASONS:
    1.4(B)(D).

     ¶1. (SBU) INTRODUCTION: Per refs, over the past three months
    the political crisis in Brazil caused by interlocking
    corruption scandals has led to public discussion of the
    question of presidential impeachment.  In a 4 September
    interview in &O Estado do Sao Paulo,8 Brazilian Supreme
    Court President Nelson Jobim opined that the lack of public
    support for impeaching President Lula da Silva mitigates
    against consideration of the action, in contrast to the
    robust public mobilization in favor of impeachment of former
    President Fernando Collor de Mello. There clearly remains a
    powerful desire in Brazilian society, including within the
    political opposition, to avoid this drastic measure against
    Lula, absent new revelations that would tie the president
    incontrovertibly to wrongdoing or gross negligence.
    Nonetheless, for Washington's background, we are providing
    herewith a guide to Brazil's presidential impeachment
    procedures under the 1988 constitution.

    THE IMPEACHMENT PROCESS
    -----------------------

    ¶2. (U) The implementation of impeachment procedures in Brazil
    is a complex political process that involves both Houses of
    Congress -- the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate.  Article
    51 of the 1988 Brazilian Constitution states that any citizen
    may denounce the President for a "crime of responsibility" by
    submitting a formal impeachment request to the President of
    the Chamber of Deputies (equivalent to the U.S. Speaker of
    the House), a position held currently by the controversial
    Severino Cavalcanti.  The Chamber President analyzes the
    request and, if he deems the request appropriate for action,
    sends it to a commission conceived specifically to
    investigate the allegations against the President.

    ¶3. (U) The Chamber President has the authority to decide
    whether to move the process to the commission, based on the
    merits of the request and subject to recommendations from
    legal advisors.  Two private attorneys (with unclear motives
    and affiliations) filed impeachment requests against Lula
    with the Chamber in recent weeks, but Severino Cavalcanti
    effectively shelved those requests, and has suffered no
    criticism for that decision.  Four other impeachment requests
    against Lula dating back to his election but preceding the
    current spate of scandals have also been shelved.  Hence
    public and political pressures, in addition to legal issues,
    play a major role in the Chamber President's decision making.

    ¶4. (U) The commission's findings are then voted on by Chamber
    deputies and require a vote of a two-thirds majority to move
    the process to the Senate. When the impeachment motion
    arrives in the Senate, the accused President must resign from
    his duties for 180 days.  The Senate is then constituted as a
    special tribunal for hearing the impeachment case, with the
    President of the Brazilian Supreme Court (Supremo Tribunal
    Federal) presiding over the trial and senators acting as
    jurors.  If found guilty by two-thirds of the Senators, the
    President is removed from office and loses his political
    rights (e.g., ability to run for election and vote) for eight
    years.  The succession chain is similar to that of the United
    States: the President is succeeded by the Vice-President,
    followed by the President of the Chamber of Deputies, the
    President of the Senate, and the President of the Supreme
    Court.

    THE CURRENT SCENARIO
    --------------------

    ¶5. SBU) Per refs, the political crisis rocking President
    Lula's Worker's Party (PT) and his government was prompted by
    allegations that the PT -- which has a minority in Congress
    and struggles to maintain a working majority there through a
    fragile coalition with other parties -- was securing support
    in Congress and consolidating its own power base through
    illegal financial activities.  Per refs, elements of the PT
    stand accused of bribing lawmakers from other parties in
    order to secure their votes in Congress.  Eighteen
    congressmen are subjects of formal expulsion proceedings in
    the Chamber.  Elements of the PT also allegedly manipulated
    the system of appointments to state-run enterprises by
    handing out top jobs to allied parties' nominees (refs).  In
    addition, the PT is accused of irregular campaign funding
    activities -- including off-shore transfers that evaded tax
    obligations -- for itself and allied parties (refs).
    Although the corruption and illicit financing charges relate
    primarily to the PT party rather than the government, the
    continuing revelations have led the Congress and judicial
    authorities to investigations that could eventually implicate
    high-level administration officials, including possibly
    President Lula da Silva himself.

    ¶6. (SBU) Legal pursuit of these allegations could follow two
    paths.  First, if it becomes clear that illegal activities
    were underway -- the vote bribery scheme, illegal campaign
    funding, influence peddling -- and that President Lula,
    although aware at some level of these activities, failed to
    act to curb them, he could be accused of a "crime of
    responsibility" -- a first step towards the impeachment
    process within the congress.  Second, if the President is
    implicated in more direct fashion in a corruption scheme --
    e.g., conspiring in or profiting from it -- he could be
    impeached and also subjected to a criminal trial before the
    Brazilian Supreme Court.

    THE IMPEACHMENT OF COLLOR DE MELO
    ---------------------------------

    ¶7. (U) In 1992, the first Brazilian President elected after
    the military dictatorship, Fernando Collor de Melo, faced an
    impeachment process due to corruption allegations.  In May
    1992, President Collor's younger brother, Pedro Collor, made
    public accusations of a corruption scheme operated by
    Collor's campaign treasurer, Paulo Cesar Farias, with
    Collor's blessing and participation.  According to Pedro
    Collor, the Collor-Farias administration centralized all
    corruption, demanding 40 percent kickbacks for government
    contracts and special policy decisions, and committing other
    crimes ranging from money laundering to influence peddling.
    The widely publicized revelations brought Brazilians,
    especially young people, into the streets in the tens of
    thousands to demand impeachment. The public pressure and
    intense media scrutiny pushed the process ahead with
    alacrity. On 1 June 1992, the Chamber of Deputies installed
    an impeachment commission.  On 29 September 1992, the Chamber
    voted to start the impeachment process by a 441-36 vote, and
    on 30 December, at the opening of his impeachment trial by
    the Brazilian Senate, Collor resigned as President of Brazil.
     Even though he resigned, the Senate convicted Collor of the
    corruption charges, barring him from holding public office
    for a period of eight years. Collor also faced criminal
    prosecution on the corruption charges, but in December 1994
    he was acquitted by the Supreme Court on the grounds of
    insufficient evidence.

    ¶8. (C) Comment.   The three necessary factors for impeachment
    of a sitting president in Brazil are: (1) sufficient evidence
    of either a &crime of responsibility8 (per above), or
    outright criminal complicity; (2) congressional competence
    and credibility to carry out the proceeding; and (3) a strong
    public outcry demanding impeachment.   On the first point, it
    could be reasonably argued that the last three months of
    scandal have produced sufficient grounds for at least opening
    lines of investigation toward a possible impeachment.  The
    president of Brazil's professional order of attorneys and
    other legal experts have said as much publicly, and Supreme
    Court President Jobim in his &Estado8 interview was
    tellingly silent on this issue.  On the second point, despite
    the proceedings for expulsion against several congressmen,
    Brazil's congressional inquiry committees (CPIs) have done a
    sufficiently credible job thus far in the crisis to establish
    the institution's ability to carry out an impeachment trial.

    ¶9. (C) Comment continued.  Hence it is the final element of
    public will, as Jobim and major figures across Brazilian
    society have argued consistently over the past three months,
    that remains decisive in keeping the threat of impeachment
    away from Lula.  Although Lula's popularity has plummeted and
    his re-election prospects appear dismal at present, the
    majority of Brazilians of all political stripes, for various
    reasons ranging from admiration for Lula's personal history
    to fears of negative impacts on Brazil's economy, remain
    uninterested in the trauma of impeachment.  We believe this
    will likely remain the case, absent a stunning revelation
    that more clearly and directly links Lula or those closest to
    him to impropriety.  That would a touchstone event, and we
    think then the tide of public opinion might well turn, with
    Brazilians looking beyond the figure of Lula and temporary
    setbacks for the economy and toward the necessity of honoring
    constitutional processes and safeguarding the credibility of
    national institutions that have generally functioned well
    through this long crisis.

    CHICOLA

`