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### Viewing cable 07MANAGUA1663, ALN DEPUTY SUBJECT OF FSLN/PLC WITCH HUNT

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
07MANAGUA1663 | 2007-07-05 22:55 | 2011-06-21 08:00 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy Managua

`

    VZCZCXYZ0000
    PP RUEHWEB

    DE RUEHMU #1663/01 1862255
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    P 052255Z JUL 07
    FM AMEMBASSY MANAGUA
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 0729
    INFO RUEHZA/WHA CENTRAL AMERICAN COLLECTIVE
    RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC
    RHEFDIA/DIA WASHINGTON DC
    RHEHNSC/NSC WASHINGTON DC

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L MANAGUA 001663

    SIPDIS

    SIPDIS

    NSC FOR VALVARADO

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 06/28/2017
    TAGS: KDEM PGOV NU
    SUBJECT: ALN DEPUTY SUBJECT OF FSLN/PLC WITCH HUNT

    REF: MANAGUA 1083

    Classified By: Ambassador Paul Trivelli for reasons 1.4(B,D)

    ¶1.  SUMMARY: Nicaraguan Liberal Alliance (ALN) deputy
    Alejandro Bolanos Davis' seat in the National Assembly hangs
    by a thread.  Led by Liberal Constitutional Party (PLC)
    magistrates, the Nicaragua Supreme Electoral Counsel (CSE)
    voted to strip Bolanos of his seat over supposed citizenship
    irregularities despite CSE president Roberto Rivas' 2006
    public declaration that Bolanos "was fine."  Until the
    decision is formally "passed" to the National Assembly,
    Bolanos retains his seat.  Bolanos claims this is a
    Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) witch hunt in
    retaliation for Bolanos' open criticism of the FSLN on labor
    issues and for publicly accusing senior FSLN official Lenin
    Cerna of being the key player in an on-going property
    extortion case (septel).  The case has also opened a new rift
    in the PLC between the CSE magistrates and anti-FSLN Assembly
    deputies.  END SUMMARY.

    Background
    - - - - - -

    ¶2.  (U) In early June 2006, the ALN announced that
    Conservative Alejandro Bolanos Davis, a nephew of
    then-President Enrique Bolanos Geyer, would run for a deputy
    position in the National Assembly on the ALN ticket.  During
    the registration process, Bolanos presented both a birth
    certificate and a national ID card (cedula) that showed
    Masaya, Nicaragua as his registered place of birth.  On June
    6, the PLC protested to the CSE on grounds that Bolanos was
    an American citizen and therefore ineligible to run for
    public office.  The next day, CSE president Roberto Rivas, in
    a public statement, declared "everything is in order" with
    Bolanos' case, signaling that there were no grounds for
    removing him from the ALN ticket.  On June 8, PLC
    presidential candidate Jose Rizo stated that the PLC would
    not pursue the case further.  Thus, Bolanos' name appeared on
    the July 31 final list of ALN deputy candidates and on the
    November 22, 2006 list of deputies elected to the National
    Assembly.  Bolanos assumed his seat in the National Assembly
    on January 9, 2007.

    ¶3.  (U) On June 13, 2007 the issue re-emerged when Edwin
    Castro, head of the FSLN's National Assembly caucus, publicly
    accused Bolanos of having U.S. citizenship.  The issue was
    immediately sent to the CSE (by the PLC) for review.  The
    three PLC magistrates on the CSE pushed for his removal on
    grounds that Bolanos had violated Article 134 of the
    Constitution, which states that any elected public official
    must renounce any acquired citizenship four years before
    running for office.  On June 27, only two weeks later, the
    CSE ruled against Bolanos, stripping him of his seat in the
    National Assembly.  However, as of July 3, the CSE had not
    delivered their official decision to the National Assembly
    and Bolanos still retained his seat.  In turn, Bolanos is
    questioning the CSE's legal ability to remove him from office
    after being sworn-in.  (Note: Post is independently checking
    the legal basis of Bolanos' counter-claim.  End Note).

    CSE's First Argument - Violated Article 134 of Constitution
    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

    ¶4.  (U) Article 134 of the Nicaraguan Constitution requires
    that anyone who has acquired foreign citizenship must
    surrender that citizenship four years before seeking public
    office.  Bolanos, who applied for his first U.S. passport in
    1985, began procedures to surrender his U.S. citizenship on
    May 31, 2006 with a letter sent to the U.S. Consulate.  He
    signed the necessary renunciation documents on July 27 at the
    Embassy and the State Department approved his renunciation on
    September 22.  Regardless of the "official" date of
    renunciation, Bolanos still renounced his citizenship well
    inside the four-year period required by law.

    ¶5.  (U) Bolanos' counter-argued that he did not "acquire" his
    U.S. citizenship because he was born in the U.S., giving him
    automatic citizenship.  Thus, Bolanos claimed that Article
    134 could not be used by the CSE.  Further, he argued that
    his citizenship had already been considered by the CSE the
    previous June and that CSE president Roberto Rivas had found
    no problem.  Asked why he felt it necessary to surrender his
    U.S. citizenship -- when he himself argued that it wasn't
    required by Article 134 -- Bolanos responded that he "didn't
    want there to be any doubt that I'm Nicaraguan."

    CSE's Second Argument - Used Fraudulent Documents
    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

    ¶6.  (C) Because Bolanos supposedly presented both a
    Nicaraguan birth certificate and cedula showing Masaya as his
    place of birth when he registered as an ALN deputy candidate
    in June 2006, the CSE is accusing him of presenting
    fraudulent documents.  The CSE claims that it would never
    have registered Bolanos in 2006 had it known that Bolanos was
    an American citizen.  (Comment:  Between the time Bolanos
    registered in June and the publication of the final list of
    deputies in July 2006, the CSE could have raised the same
    argument, but did not.  The Bolanos issue was dropped
    following Rivas' June 7 declaration.  It is possible that the
    FSLN or PLC, by raising the issue and then dropping it, hoped
    to show Bolanos that they had something on him, thus
    pressuring him into legislative compliance.  The FSLN
    resurrected the citizenship complaint only after Bolanos
    refused to end his public criticisms of illegal firings,
    property extortions, and other irregularities perpetrated by
    the Ortega Administration.  End Comment.)

    ¶7.  (U) When the story first re-surfaced last month, Bolanos
    initially appeared on television with his Nicaraguan cedula,
    claiming he was born in Nicaragua despite the fact it was
    widely known that he was born in the U.S.  It is not clear
    why Bolanos initially made this claim, but his reaction hurt
    his credibility and made the CSE's fraud argument sound more
    credible.  Only a full two weeks after the story broke, did
    Bolanos publicly address the issue of the Nicaraguan birth
    certificate, claiming the Nicaraguan registry mistakenly
    wrote Masaya on his cedula application in 1993.  Bolanos
    stated that he petitioned to have the error corrected in
    1993, but three years later, in 1996, his cedula still
    indicated he was born in Masaya.  Predicting further
    election-related delays due to the 1996 elections, Bolanos
    claimed he did not pursue the matter further, quipping that
    it never would have become an issue because he never thought
    he would run for public office.  (Note:  In e-mail
    correspondence with the Embassy, Bolanos indicated that his
    grandfather registered his birth in Masaya in 1949, but he
    did not indicate how the birth was registered - i.e., as a
    birth abroad or a domestic birth.  It is very likely that no
    proof of birth was required at the time of registry at that
    time.  End note.)

    Bolanos Claims Embassy-Provided Information Started Witch Hunt
    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    -

    ¶8.  (C) On June 15, two days after Castro's announcement, the
    daily newspaper El Nuevo Diario contacted an Embassy public
    affairs officer regarding the status of Bolanos' citizenship.
     After consulting with consular staff, reviewing the 7 FAM,
    and clearing with the Front Office, public affairs confirmed
    that Bolanos had relinquished his citizenship just prior to
    the November 5 national elections.

    ALN not to the Rescue
    - - - - - - - - - - -

    ¶9.  (C) Although Emboffs privately encouraged ALN leadership
    to publicly support Bolanos in his fight to retain his seat,
    the party provided little support.  ALN deputy Eliseo Nunez
    commented to the media that Bolanos had "made an error"
    renouncing his citizenship so late, while Maria Eugenia
    Sequeira, head of the ALN caucus on the National Assembly,
    stated on June 19 that Bolanos was "very likely" to lose his
    seat.  ALN president Eduardo Montealegre -- when asked
    directly if the ALN was supporting Bolanos -- responded that
    "no one is above the law." He did, however, reference CSE
    president Roberto Rivas' June 2006 comment that there was "no
    problem" with Bolanos' case.

    Comment - Independence is a Dangerous Thing
    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

    ¶10.  (C) Bolanos has sharply criticized the FSLN
    administration several times since taking office.  As
    president of the National Assembly's labor commission he
    decried its handling of the minimum wage issue and the
    education crisis that brought the secondary education system
    to a near standstill (reftel).  In addition, Bolanos directly
    named Lenin Cerna, the former head of state security in the
    1980s and a key FSLN insider, as the man behind a recent high
    profile property extortion case in Tola (septel) in which $4
    million was demanded from investors to resolve a property
    rights issue.

    ¶11.  (C) On multiple occasions, Bolanos had commented to
    emboffs with pride that he was "beholden to no one and could
    say and do what I think.  I am independent."  However, by
    going after Cerna, who wields tremendous influence in the
    FSLN, Bolanos appears to have bit off more than he can chew.
    Within days of mentioning Cerna's name, his own name was back
    in the press with Castro accusing him of violating the
    Constitution.  Within weeks the CSE had striped him of his
    seat in the National Assembly despite clear contradictory
    statements one year earlier by the CSE's president.  There
    can be no doubt that the FSLN targeted Bolanos -- with an
    assist from the PLC -- for retribution and to serve as an
    example for those contemplating attacks on the FSLN's
    leadership.
    TRIVELLI

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