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### Viewing cable 07HANOI1261, NO SECURITY - NO BUSINESS: READOUT FROM JUNE 2007 APEC

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
07HANOI1261 | 2007-07-17 09:18 | 2011-04-28 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Hanoi

`

    VZCZCXRO4473
    RR RUEHCHI RUEHFK RUEHHM RUEHKSO RUEHNAG RUEHPB
    DE RUEHHI #1261/01 1980918
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    R 170918Z JUL 07
    FM AMEMBASSY HANOI
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 5831
    INFO RUEHZU/ASIAN PACIFIC ECONOMIC COOPERATION
    RUEHRC/DEPT OF AGRICULTURE USD FAS WASHINGTON DC
    RUEAUSA/DEPT OF HHS WASHINGTON DC

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 HANOI 001261

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE
    SIPDIS

    DEPT FOR EAP AND OES
    USDA FOR FAS (SMITH/BEASLEY)
    USDA FOR FSIS (MACZKA)
    HHS FOR FDA

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: TBIO PTER APECO EAGR ETRD CA JA RS AS TH VM ID MY
    RP, MX, RS, SN, BX, PP, HK, CH, CI, NZ, KS, PP, PE, TW
    SUBJECT:  NO SECURITY - NO BUSINESS: READOUT FROM JUNE 2007 APEC
    FOOD DEFENSE WORKSHOP IN VIETNAM

    REF: 2006 STATE 184154

    ¶1.  (U) Summary: On June 14-15 in Hanoi, Vietnam, the United States
    and the Government of Vietnam hosted the follow-on Asia Pacific
    Economic Cooperation (APEC) bioterrorism workshop to protect the
    food supply from deliberate contamination, in support of the APEC
    Food Defense initiative "Mitigating the Terrorist Threat to the APEC
    Food Supply."  The workshop focused on the potential threat to the
    food supply and distribution system, ways to communicate information
    among the various stakeholders, developing the appropriate
    supportive infrastructure, writing food defense plans that work for
    industry, and developing food defense communication strategies in
    advance of, during, and post event.  Speakers and participants
    continued to emphasize the importance of building a relationship
    between the private sector and government counterparts, engaging law
    enforcement (as well as the intelligence community), sharing
    information with all stakeholders in a timely manner, and
    prioritizing what areas need to be addressed first based on each
    economy's individual needs.  The discussions also led to the
    drafting of the groundbreaking APEC Food Defense Principles that the
    United States hopes to have endorsed by APEC Leaders and Ministers
    in September 2007.  By endorsing these Principles, APEC would be
    taking an unprecedented progressive stance on food defense,
    exceeding that of any other multilateral forum.  The meeting
    concluded with a consensus among APEC participants for the
    importance of continuing the dialogue and encouraging follow-on APEC
    discussions in the years to come.  End Summary.

    ----------
    BACKGROUND
    ----------

    ¶2.  (U) In 2006, the United States, along with co-sponsors Australia
    and Chile introduced and began implementing the "Mitigating the
    Terrorist Threat to APEC Food Supply" initiative at the Asia Pacific
    Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum's Counter-terrorism Task Force
    (CTTF).  This initiative looks to strengthen protection of the food
    supply from deliberate bioterrorist contamination through the use of
    vulnerability assessment tools applied to the food distribution
    system and to identify countermeasures to threats.
    ¶3.  (U) In November 2006 the United States and Thailand co-hosted
    the first-ever APEC Food Defense Workshop in Bangkok, Thailand
    (reftel).  APEC Leaders also committed to working together to
    protect the food supply from deliberate contamination (APEC 2006
    Leaders' Statement issued in Hanoi).
    ¶4.  (U)  Building on these 2006 efforts, the United States and
    Vietnam co-hosted a follow-on workshop in Hanoi in June 2007, which
    focused on building appropriate infrastructure, developing risk
    communication strategies, and building partnerships between
    governmental bodies and the private sector.  Fifteen APEC economies
    participated in the Hanoi workshop.  In addition to building on the
    work from the Bangkok workshop, the experts in Hanoi prepared a
    draft set of voluntary "APEC Food Defense Principles" that APEC
    economies are reviewing.  These principles put APEC in the forefront
    of international thinking on critical issues in protecting the food
    supply against deliberate terrorist contamination -- and help pave
    the way for sustained APEC counterterrorism efforts on food
    defense.
    ---------------------------------  -------------------------
    THE APEC "FOOD DEFENSE" WORKSHOP:  DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE FOOD DEFENSE
    STRATEGIES IN APEC ECONOMIES
    ---------------------------------- -------------------------

    ¶5.   (U) The two-day workshop in Hanoi addressed the overarching
    goal of "Developing Effective Food Defense Strategies in APEC
    Economies" by focusing on four strategic topics: potential
    information sharing mechanisms, developing supportive infrastructure
    within the government and between governmental entities and the
    private sector, writing and developing food defense plans, and
    developing food defense communication strategies in advance of and
    during a food defense incident.  The United States and Vietnam set
    the tone at the outset of meeting by highlighting the
    interconnectivity of the global food supply in their welcoming
    remarks.  Both emphasized the importance of this on-going dialogue
    and called for a Food Defense deliverable at the APEC Summit later
    this year.

    ¶6.  (U) Over the course of two days, several key themes emerged and
    were self-reinforcing.  Participants acknowledged the importance of
    establishing and strengthening public-private partnerships.  Several
    speakers (as well as participants) emphasized the importance of law
    enforcement's role in food defense preparedness and response, and
    the intelligence community's role in supporting food defense

    HANOI 00001261  002 OF 003

    activities.  (Comment:  This was particularly notable given that
    earlier discussions had indicated reticence about the law
    enforcement inclusion -- signaling a maturation in APEC economies'
    understanding of the truly multi-sectoral nature of addressing
    bioterrorism, including food defense. End Comment)  All presenters
    repeatedly emphasized that food defense builds on a strong food
    safety foundation.  Participants noted the importance of timely and
    transparent reporting and information sharing in order to minimize
    the risk to human health, trade, and society.  The developing
    economies also inquired how their economies could begin building
    such infrastructure given limited resources.  The last session of
    the workshop, in which the experts began developing potential Food
    Defense Principles, clearly reflected the exchange of ideas
    throughout the meeting.

    ----------------
    NOT A NEW THREAT
    ----------------

    ¶7.  (U) Harry Gardiner from Canada's Food Inspection Agency touched
    on these elements, noting that targeting the food supply and
    distribution system was not a new threat, nor should it come as a
    surprise that it is a soft target given the ease in which one might
    target a node along the farm-to-food continuum.  He outlined steps
    Canada has taken to address food defense concerns, such as
    conducting threat and vulnerability assessments, exercises, building
    partnerships with Canadian private sector firms, and identifying
    gaps in risk assessments to determine S&T needs.  Both publicly and
    privately, he applauded U.S. efforts to address food defense
    concerns.

    ------------------------- ------------------------------
    NO SECURITY, NO BUSINESS: THE PRIVATE SECTOR PERSPECTIVE
    ------------------------- ------------------------------

    ¶8.  (U) Participation and engagement from individual companies and
    trade associations were particularly critical to the workshop's
    discussions and success.  Given that the private sector owns most,
    if not all, of the infrastructure, these participants described why
    it is important to build better relationships with the government,
    what type of regulatory landscape they need to implement or enforce
    certain measures, how to prioritize and implement certain food
    defense measures, and what they see as the risks if they do not take
    action.  At each opportunity, the private sector noted the
    importance of incorporating food defense into every aspect of their
    enterprise.  One of the private sector experts summed it up by
    succinctly stating, "NO SECURITY, NO BUSINESS" - meaning that lack
    of planning and preparedness would be disastrous in the event of a
    hoax or a deliberate contamination.

    -----------------------------------------
    DEVELOPING PLANS FOR DIVERSE STAKEHOLDERS
    -----------------------------------------

    ¶9.  (U)  It was very clear that developing economies are thinking
    about how to begin building food defense infrastructure (e.g.,
    specialized offices and lab capacity) and creating effective
    public-private partnerships to protect the food supply from
    terrorist attack.  Much discussion, for example, focused on how
    those just beginning to address food defense should do so with
    limited or no budgets.  The United States noted that it had faced
    similar dilemmas of limited or no resources when initiating efforts
    and emphasized the importance of prioritizing and adapting to
    individual needs.  The private sector also acknowledged there would
    be upfront costs, but noted many of the efforts improved efficiency
    over the longer term and in some instances, added to product
    marketability.

    -------------------
    INFORMATION SHARING
    -------------------

    ¶10.  (U) Both the private sector and government experts emphasized
    the importance of communication among ALL stakeholders - noting that
    this includes not only the obvious stakeholders, such as health,
    food regulators, agriculture, and affected sectors, but also law
    enforcement and intelligence communities.  Additionally, all agreed
    for the need to share information in a timely and transparent
    manner.  For example, New Zealand (NZ) noted during its presentation
    that an economy runs the risk of losing its international market
    share if it is not forthcoming with trade partners, citing NZ's own
    response to minimize the impact of an accidental contamination to
    their export market.  WHO's Jenifer Bishop presented WHO's work on

    HANOI 00001261  003 OF 003

    the International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN), as a
    potential example for sharing information internationally.  She
    noted that the newly-revised and adopted International Health
    Regulations (IHR) specifically included food defense under the
    public health emergencies of international concerns (PHEIC) and that
    INFOSAN would be responsible for the dissemination of the
    information in such an event.

    ---------------------------------------
    DEVELOPING APEC FOOD DEFENSE PRINCIPLES
    ---------------------------------------

    ¶11.  (U) To move APEC's food defense work forward, experts from the
    range of economies collaborated on the development of "APEC Food
    Defense Principles" -- fundamental areas of importance in protecting
    the food supply from deliberate contamination.  The draft principles
    represent the start of a process that could help put APEC on the
    road to giving multilateral voice to an important issue.  The United
    States indicated it will push for APEC endorsement of the
    principles, and signaled its desire for acknowledgement of the work
    in this year's APEC Leaders' and Ministerial Statements.

    ¶12.  (SBU) Comment:  The level of interest and awareness among APEC
    economies has increased considerably since the 2006 Bangkok meeting
    - resulting in more robust and lively exchange among economies on
    how to address food defense across the spectrum of stages of
    economic development.  Unlike the Bangkok meeting where it was clear
    that only the United States, Australia, Japan, and New Zealand were
    focusing on food defense, the other economies came this time seeking
    information on ways to introduce and begin implementing food defense
    efforts in their respective economies.  (Note: Canada did not attend
    the last meeting. End Note.)  One reason for possible increased
    awareness and engagement is likely due to the fact that many of the
    experts participated in the first meeting in Bangkok.

    --------------------------------------------- --------
    U.S. DELEGATION OBSERVATIONS ABOUT SELECTED ECONOMIES
    --------------------------------------------- --------

    ¶13. (U) PERU - During side bar conversations, it was apparent Peru
    is thinking ahead to its own APEC host year.  Peru expressed strong
    interest in hosting any follow-on work in 2008, and intimated having
    funds to support the activity.  It also appears that Peru was trying
    to obtain regional support and possibly assistance from its
    neighboring APEC members.

    ¶14. (U) THAILAND - Technical experts from Thailand noted that
    Thailand would begin incorporating food defense into their internal
    dialogue, noting that it hoped the United States would provide
    speakers to their national Food Safety meeting.  They also inquired
    if the United States would be willing to co-host the event.  The
    U.S. delegation indicated it would have to consult with Washington
    and asked for a written request (proposal), which could be shared
    with the appropriate USG agencies for review.

    ¶15. (SBU) On a final note, while none of the economies have directly
    or overtly accused the United States of using food defense as a
    means of creating a trade barrier, at least within APEC, some have
    questioned whether this will inadvertently happen.  To date, the
    United States has managed to address all trade concerns raised by
    various economies and has avoided any contentious discussions during
    the food defense discussions.  The United States should be aware
    that these unvoiced concerns might be a subtext for future
    discussions.  (Australia and New Zealand both candidly acknowledge
    they participate in this effort not only out of mutual concern, but
    also to learn about any changes or efforts underway that may impact
    their exports to the United States.) End Comment.

    ¶16.  (U) The U.S. delegation drafted and cleared this cable.  Any
    questions regarding this workshop and these efforts should be
    directed to OES's Office of International Health and Biodefense
    (COMELLANX@STATE.GOV; 202-647-4689).

    ¶17. (U) Posts' and Department's work, along with the strong
    interagency collaboration with USDA's Food Safety and Inspection
    Service (FSIS) and Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), and HHS's
    Food and Drug Administration helped make the APEC Food Defense
    Workshop a success.

    MARINE

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