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### Viewing cable 05QUITO2577, GOE REQUESTS GENETIC RESOURCES CONTRACT FROM

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05QUITO2577 | 2005-11-10 22:22 | 2011-05-02 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Quito

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

    102222Z Nov 05

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 QUITO 002577

    SIPDIS

    DEPT PASS TO EB/TPP/ABT AND EB/TPP/IPE
    DEPT PASS TO USTR

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: SENV ECON ETRD KIPR PGOV PREL EC
    SUBJECT:  GOE REQUESTS GENETIC RESOURCES CONTRACT FROM
    RESEARCHER

    ¶1. Summary.  The GOE has denied an American research company
    the right to publish data drawn from research on the
    biodiversity of microbial communities in the Galapagos
    Islands.  The Ministry of Environment (MOE) determined that
    Venter Institute, which had obtained official permission to
    enter Ecuadorian territorial waters to conduct the research,
    must comply with a number of requirements prior to
    publishing.  Foremost among these is the signing of a
    genetic resource access contract that conforms to an Andean
    Community (CAN) resolution governing the transfer of genetic
    material.  Of the over 30 American vessels conducting
    research in the Galapagos in the past 5 years, this is the
    first one that has faced such demands from the GOE prior to
    publishing.  End Summary.

    REQUEST AND DENIAL
    ------------------

    ¶2.  The GOE has required Venter Institute to enter into a
    genetic resource access contract prior to publishing data
    collected in the Galapagos Islands in 2004.  Venter
    requested the permission to publish in an August 30, 2005
    letter to the MOE.  The research project, the purpose of
    which was to evaluate the biodiversity of microbial
    communities, had received GOE permission to enter Ecuadorian
    territorial waters and conduct research.  The MOE's October
    25 response, signed by Minister Alban, indicated that Venter
    must complete a number of requirements prior to the granting
    of permission.

    ¶3.  This is essentially the third set of rules within which
    Venter has had to work.  Prior to their arrival in February
    2004, Venter obtained through the MFA all appropriate
    approvals necessary to conduct their research.  Then, once
    in the Galapagos, their research vessel was not allowed to
    leave with their samples until Venter signed a Memorandum of
    Understanding with the MOE.  This MOU was signed in March
    2004 and stipulated that the parties would neither pursue
    nor exercise intellectual property rights over the genomic
    data.  It also stipulated that Venter would have to request
    permission from the MOE prior to publishing.  The current
    letter from the MOE establishes yet another set of
    requirements by which Venter must abide.

    MOE REQUIREMENTS EXACTING AND TERRITORIAL
    -----------------------------------------

    ¶4.  The main requirement is that Venter enter into a genetic
    resource access contract.  With respect to this contract,
    the MOE references Decision 391 and Resolution 415 of the
    Andean Community (CAN), signed on July 2, 1996 and July 22,
    1996, respectively.  The MOE's letter also indicates that
    the MOU was not the appropriate avenue through which to
    conduct their 2004 research (despite the fact that the MOU
    was imposed upon Venter by the MOE itself).  The MOE states
    that no further use of the research results can be made
    until Venter has signed the required contract.  Venter is
    unaware as yet what the content of the contract might be.

    ¶5.  Beyond the genetic resource access contract, the MOE is
    requires that the entire trip report -- laboratory analyses,
    preliminary interpretations, and the genetic sequences of
    the collected samples -- be translated into Spanish.  In
    addition, they are requires that Venter present the findings
    to a technical group from the Galapagos National Park (GNP)
    and the MOE.

    ¶6.  In the letter, the MOE also advised that Venter collect
    any copies of the trip report it might have distributed to
    other GOE institutions, specifically naming the MFA and the
    Navy's Oceanographic Institute.  This, despite the
    requirement by the GOE in authorizing the research to
    provide a copy of the report to the MFA.  Claming that these
    other institutions do not have the competency to handle
    genetic resource matters, the MOE noted that in the future
    the normal channel for disseminating genetic information
    within the GOE should be the MOE.

    UNCOMMON DEMANDS
    ----------------

    ¶7.  We believe this is the first American research vessel
    that has confronted such demands from the GOE.  Normally,
    American research vessels have formally petitioned the GOE -
    - and in particular, the MFA -- for permission to enter
    Ecuadorian waters and conduct research.  As was the case
    with Venter's project, such access has been routinely
    approved by the MFA provided a final trip report is shared
    with the MFA.  Research institutes have never failed to
    provide the trip reports.

    ¶8.  According to Venter, these sort of demands also are new
    to them.  Venter conducted research in 15 countries during
    their 2004 research trip.  Venter has received the right to
    publish from all of them.  Venter is reviewing the letter
    and deciding how to respond.

    COMMENT
    -------
    ¶9.  This is the first practical application we have seen in
    Ecuador of the Andean Community legislation on biological
    diversity.  We intend to inform U.S. researchers requesting
    clearances via the Embassy of these requirements in the
    future in order to help them avoid unpleasant surprises.  It
    seems reasonable to expect that such requirements will have
    a chilling effect on potentially valuable research in mega-
    diverse Ecuador.

    JEWELL

`