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### Viewing cable 08OTTAWA1560, CANADA STRIVING TO COMBAT TIP

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
08OTTAWA1560 | 2008-12-16 22:29 | 2011-04-28 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Ottawa

`

    VZCZCXRO7920
    OO RUEHGA RUEHHA RUEHMT RUEHQU RUEHVC
    DE RUEHOT #1560/01 3512229
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    O 162229Z DEC 08
    FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 8874
    INFO RUCNCAN/ALL CANADIAN POSTS COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
    RUEHME/AMEMBASSY MEXICO 1908

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 OTTAWA 001560

    SENSITIVE

    SIPDIS

    STATE FOR WHA/CAN AND G/TIP (BARBARA FLECK)

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PGOV PHUM SMIG KCRM KWMN CA
    SUBJECT: CANADA STRIVING TO COMBAT TIP

    REF: A. VANCOUVER 288
     ¶B. OTTAWA 1072
     ¶C. OTTAWA 1546

    ¶1. (SBU) Summary:  Canada has an active inter-agency working group
    to combat trafficking in persons, as well as a variety of NGO
    efforts.  More comprehensive research and statistics, a national
    action plan, greater co-ordination among national and provincial
    government agencies and NGOs, and greater investment in victim
    services would improve overall anti-TIP performance.  One
    Conservative Member of Parliament has made TIP a top legislative and
    political priority.  End summary.

    ¶2.  (U)  G/TIP official Barbara Fleck visited Ottawa and Toronto
    during the week of December 8 for consultations with Canadian
    officials about Canada's ongoing efforts to combat trafficking in
    persons and how better to improve its performance.  (Septel will
    cover discussions and anti-TIP efforts in Toronto.)

    INTER-AGENCY WORKING GROUP
    --------------------------

    ¶3. (SBU) A federal Interdepartmental Working Group on Trafficking in
    Persons (IWGTIP), which the Departments of Justice and Public Safety
    co-chair, shares information among its members on a regular basis
    and meets at least twice per year.  (IWGTIP last met in spring 2008
    and will meet again in December.)  IWGTIP coordinates the anti-TIP
    work of 17 federal departments and agencies: the Canada Border
    Services Agency (CBSA); Canadian International Development Agency
    (CIDA); Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS); Department of
    Citizenship and Immigration; the Financial Transactions Reports
    Analysis Centre (FINTRAC); Department of Foreign Affairs and
    International Trade (DFAIT); Department of Health; Department of
    Canadian Heritage; Department of Human Resources and Skills
    Development;  Department of Indian and Northern Affairs; Department
    of Justice; Passport Canada agency; Privy Council Office; Department
    of Public Safety; Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP); Statistics
    Canada agency; and, Status of Women agency.

    ¶4. (SBU) Representatives from the RCMP, CBSA, and FINTRAC reported
    excellent cross-border working relationships with U.S. law
    enforcement agencies, including two ongoing investigations of
    potential human trafficking rings operating in Western Canada.  The
    RCMP also conducts TIP training workshops across Canada for
    approximately 150 law enforcement, border, and immigration officials
    per month, and has invited ICE special agents to conduct some
    workshops.  IWGTIP officials downplayed expectations of an increase
    in trafficking during the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympic Games,
    contrary to the views of some NGOs.  The RCMP has nonetheless
    provided training in trafficking awareness to more than 260 law
    enforcement officers in preparation for the 2010 Games.  The RCMP
    has six Human Trafficking Awareness Coordinators nationwide working
    with NGOs, social services agencies, and local communities.

    ¶5. (SBU) Public Safety Canada manages an ongoing public education
    initiative including posters and other education materials.  Public
    Safety recently signed an agreement to partner with the Canadian
    Crime Stoppers Association to use its toll-free telephone hotline,
    and plans to train Crime Stoppers hotline operators to identify
    potential TIP cases.  The roll-out of the new partnership will
    include a poster, video, radio and print advertising campaign (ref
    B).

    GETTING THE RIGHT NUMBERS
    -------------------------

    ¶6. (SBU) Many observers view a lack of reliable statistical data and
    information sharing as major challenges to more effective anti-TIP
    activities.  For example, trafficking victims who make asylum claims
    Qactivities.  For example, trafficking victims who make asylum claims
    are counted as refugee applicants and are unlikely to appear as
    trafficking victims in official statistics.  Statistics Canada is
    currently conducting a feasibility study, due for completion in
    April 2009, for nationwide collection of anti-trafficking case data
    and statistics.  Dr. Marlene Dalley of RCMP's National Missing
    Children Services indicated that reliable data relating to child
    trafficking in Canada remains difficult to gather.  She pointed to
    two particularly vulnerable populations of children: Canada's
    estimated 55,000 runaways; and, aboriginal minors who fall victim to
    substance abuse, poverty, and homelessness.  Dalley commented that
    it was unclear how many of these children may be victims of
    trafficking, mostly because some police officers do not identify
    many TIP cases on the ground.

    NGO VIEWS
    ---------

    ¶7. (SBU)  In separate meetings, representatives of the Native
    Women's Association of Canada (NWAC) and Persons Against the Crime

    OTTAWA 00001560  002 OF 003

    of Trafficking in Humans (PACT-Ottawa) insisted that Canada remains
    a source, destination, and transit country for trafficking in
    persons, even though the Canadian government does not view itself as
    a major "source" country for domestic human trafficking.  In
    addition to international trafficking through Canada's major cities,
    they reported organized internal flows of women and girls to Western
    Canada to provide oil and gas workers with commercial sex services.
    Girls and children also move from aboriginal communities in northern
    Canada to work in the commercial sex sector in urban areas.
    According to the NGOs, the problem of internal trafficking of
    aboriginal girls and children is "huge."  In recent decades, over
    500 aboriginal women have been murdered or gone missing; NWAC
    believes some of these women likely were victims of trafficking.
    The Canadian government has partnered with NWAC on a five-year
    "Sisters in Spirit" initiative (2005-2010) to address violence in
    aboriginal communities and the high rates of missing and murdered
    aboriginal women (ref C).  According to the NGOs, there is still a
    pressing need for more statistical research "across the board" to
    define the scale of the problem and form the basis for future
    advocacy and action.

    VICTIM SUPPORT: A WEAK LINK
    ---------------------------

    ¶8. (SBU) NWAC and PACT-Ottawa officials also identified improved
    victim services and increased shelter capacity as additional
    prerequisites for more effective law enforcement action.  They
    expressed concern that Canada's practice of detaining foreign
    trafficking victims in immigration detention centers -- rather than
    in shelters where they can receive social and medical support --
    deters victims from seeking assistance.  (Note: There are
    immigration detention facilities in Toronto, Montreal, and
    Vancouver.  End note.)  The lack of shelters and victims' services
    may also be a factor in the low demand for Temporary Residence
    Permits (TRPs) for trafficked victims; reportedly, only 31 TRPs
    (including renewals) have been issued since May 2006.  Referrals and
    victims' services operate largely on an ad hoc basis; lack of
    documentation for trafficked persons makes it more likely that these
    victims could "fall through the cracks," mostly because TIP victims
    do not easily meet the definitional requirements for being a victim
    of domestic violence (which provides easier access to government
    assistance).

    ¶9.  (SBU) Six shelters operate currently in Ottawa, all provincially
    funded, to serve victims of domestic violence and their children.
    Immigrant Women Services Ottawa provides interpretation services for
    female victims unable to communicate in English or French.   While
    Ottawa shelter providers cited incidents of suspected trafficking
    cases among immigrant women and aboriginal youth, they added that
    they have never been formally trained to identify victims of
    trafficking, and were eager to learn more about TIP.  (Poloff
    subsequently introduced the shelter management to several NGO
    activists eager to raise awareness of TIP.)  Shelter staff
    underlined the need for facilities exclusively for single women,
    whose challenges, such as trauma and addictions, are often difficult
    to address in an environment with children.  Interval House, an
    Ottawa shelter, hopes to build a facility for single women if it can
    attract sufficient funds; it currently has only four beds -- which
    are always full -- for women without children.

    SUPPORT IN PARLIAMENT
    ---------------------

    ¶10. (SBU) MP Joy Smith (Conservative-Winnipeg), a vocal proponent of
    Q10. (SBU) MP Joy Smith (Conservative-Winnipeg), a vocal proponent of
    strengthened anti-trafficking measures, has called on the government
    to adopt a national action plan to combat trafficking.  She also
    advocates a comprehensive strategy combining all levels of
    government, law enforcement, and NGOs to fight TIP, incorporating
    increased enforcement of existing anti-trafficking laws, greater law
    enforcement training, deeper linkages with the NGO community,
    support for victim shelters and rehabilitation services, and more
    educational and prevention efforts.  Smith has suggested creation of
    a new position of Minister of State for Trafficking In Persons, and
    is encouraging fellow parliamentarians to place TIP higher on the
    government's justice agenda.

    ¶11.  (SBU) Smith said that she intends to introduce at least two
    private member bills in the 2009 legislative session addressing
    trafficking:  one would establish mandatory minimum sentencing for
    commercial sexual exploitation of persons younger than age 18; and
    the second would strengthen notification requirements when sexual
    predators travel abroad.  Smith, whose son is an RCMP officer,
    commented that law enforcement agents were still not fully aware of
    the scope or nature of trafficking, and that the number of
    prosecutions remained far lower than it should be.  British Columbia
    is currently the only province to have established an office
    dedicated to combating trafficking (ref A).  Smith praised the
    Harper government's efforts to reduce issuance of "exotic dancer"

    OTTAWA 00001560  003 OF 003

    visas -- which likely had previously been used to traffic foreign
    women into Canada's sex trade -- from a past high of several hundred
    to only two or three per year now.  Smith noted that the adult
    entertainment industry had already threatened a legal challenge to
    the government's reduction of visas in this category.

    ¶12. (U) G/TIP has cleared this cable.

    WILKINS

`