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### Viewing cable 09QUITO299, SCENESETTER FOR PRESIDENT CARTER: U.S. ENGAGEMENT

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
09QUITO299 | 2009-04-27 12:09 | 2011-05-02 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Quito

`

    VZCZCXYZ0004
    OO RUEHWEB

    DE RUEHQT #0299/01 1171209
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    O 271209Z APR 09
    FM AMEMBASSY QUITO
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 0306
    INFO RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA 8117
    RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA 4163
    RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS 3522
    RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ APR LIMA 3174
    RUEHGL/AMCONSUL GUAYAQUIL 4289

` `

    UNCLAS QUITO 000299

    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PREL MASS SNAR PTER EAID OVIP MOPS EC
    SUBJECT: SCENESETTER FOR PRESIDENT CARTER: U.S. ENGAGEMENT
    IN ECUADOR

    ¶1.  Embassy Quito warmly welcomes former President Carter to
    Ecuador on April 27-29.  Your visit comes at a time of
    change, as Ecuador prepares to install new national and local
    officials elected on April 26 and restructures its government
    institutions under the 2008 constitution.  The Embassy,s
    objective is to continue a partnership with Ecuador in areas
    where we have shared interests.  The information in this
    cable on USG engagement in Ecuador is designed to complement
    the background paper you received from the Department of
    State, which summarized political and economic developments.

    ¶2.  The United States and Ecuador cooperate closely in many
    areas to address common priorities, such as poverty
    reduction, job creation, counternarcotics efforts,
    agricultural development, emergency preparedness,
    environmental protection, and strengthening democracy.  In
    2008, the USG spent more than $42 million on development,
    security, and other programs in Ecuador.

    DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS

    ¶3.  The U.S. government has supported Ecuador,s development
    since 1962, working especially through USAID in education,
    health and family planning, environment, agriculture,
    micro-enterprise, alternative development, and economic
    growth.  USAID,s current programs focus on strengthening
    democracy at the central and municipal levels, creating jobs
    and increasing incomes for poor people, and helping
    Ecuadorians improve their management of their rich
    biologically diverse heritage.

    ¶4.  USAID,s broader poverty reduction program promotes trade
    and competitiveness and encourages civil society and the
    private sector to participate in economic reforms.  The
    policy work is linked to support productive clusters that
    bring together small and medium enterprises to improve their
    product quality and access to new markets.  In FY 2008, the
    23 value chain clusters co-founded by USAID created 3,000 new
    jobs.

    ¶5.  Ecuador is one of the most biologically diverse countries
    in the world, so USAID,s environmental programs focus on
    management of the National System of Protected Areas,
    indigenous territories, watersheds, and coastal lowlands and
    mangroves.  The program seeks to create economic benefits for
    communities in and around protected areas, providing the
    means and motivation for better conservation.  It also seeks
    to improve the infrastructure of protected areas and create
    job opportunities in flood-prone areas.  In FY 2008, USAID
    assistance helped improve management of 65,974 hectares of
    critical ecosystems.

    ¶6.  In addition to USAID activities, the United States
    Military Group has been constructing a number of Emergency
    Operation Centers strategically located throughout Ecuador
    for GOE use, and provides other humanitarian aid as well.
    The Department of Agriculture is continuing to implement 31
    agricultural aid programs that benefit more than 42,000 small
    farmers in 18 of Ecuador,s provinces.  Additionally it
    provides a short-term, practical training program for
    Ecuadorian agricultural professionals.

    SUPPORTING DEMOCRACY

    ¶7.  Supporting Ecuadorian efforts to strengthen democratic
    institutions and respect for democratic norms is one of our
    highest priorities in Ecuador.  The United States is
    continuing long-term efforts to help build the technical
    capacity of central and local government institutions,
    support civil society oversight efforts and the rule of law,
    and enhance anti-corruption efforts.  Specifically, USAID
    supports local governments to implement participatory
    planning processes and to improve their municipal management
    practices.  It has provided more than 10,000 persons from
    vulnerable groups access to legal defense services and legal
    assistance in nine cities.  Additionally the Embassy,s
    Narcotics Affairs Section is strengthening the capacity of
    justice sector institutions by providing programs and
    workshops that reinforce criminal justice professionals,
    knowledge and skills regarding the accusatorial trial system.

    ¶8.  USAID supports civil society efforts to carry out
    oversight of local and national elections and of
    institutional restructuring under the new constitution.   It
    also assists in the participation of people with disabilities
    in democratic processes, promoting people with disabilities

    in the workforce, and combating trafficking in persons
    through trafficking prevention and victim protection
    activities.

    NORTHERN BORDER

    ¶9.  Ecuador shares a 450-mile porous border with Colombia.
    USG efforts in the area aim to prevent spillover of drug
    cultivation and trafficking and illegal armed group activity
    into Ecuador.  They include development assistance to improve
    the quality of life and spur licit economic growth;
    counter-narcotics aid to curb smuggling of precursor
    chemicals, cocaine, and heroin; and military-to-military
    assistance to strengthen Ecuador,s ability to secure its
    Northern Border and control its territorial waters.

    ¶10.  The Military Group provides counterdrug assistance by
    executing Department of Defense and NAS-funded programs to
    help the Ecuadorian military enhance its operational capacity
    in the northern border region.  The Ecuadorian military,s
    First Joint Task Force (formerly Fourth Army Division) has
    engaged the FARC in a series of operations along the border
    and has increased its presence with additional personnel and
    assets.  The First Joint Task Force has taken the lead in
    efforts to control the Northern Border area and to remove
    incursions of armed insurgents within its territory by
    increasing the intensity of its operations.

    ¶11.  USAID programs aim to increase the economic and social
    development of both the northern and southern border
    populations, which provides legitimate economic alternatives.
     It generates job opportunities and licit income, strengthens
    local government capacity, and improves the production and
    marketing of local production chains both nationally and
    internationally.  To date nearly a million inhabitants on the
    southern and northern borders have benefited from new
    bridges, roads, water and sewage, garbage recycling, and
    irrigation systems.  Incomes from most participating farmers
    have more than doubled and approximately 11,000 new jobs have
    been created.

    ¶12.  The UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) estimates
    there are at least 135,000 persons of concern in the northern
    provinces of Ecuador who have fled Colombia due to violence
    or threat of violence.  In FY 2008 and 2009, the State
    Department provided funding for refugees in Ecuador to UNHCR,
    the International Organization for Migration (IOM), the World
    Food Program, the International Committee of the Red Cross,
    Catholic Relief Services, Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society, and
    the American Red Cross.  UNHCR carries out direct assistance
    projects to foster development, while IOM focuses on
    emergency assistance and local capacity building.

    COUNTER-NARCOTICS COOPERATION

    ¶13.  Ecuadorian leaders have identified narcotics traffickers
    and other criminal organizations as threats to national
    sovereignty, and are focusing the police, military,
    judiciary, and others on disrupting and dismantling these
    organizations.  Since 2001, the Embassy,s Narcotics Affairs
    Section (NAS) has provided almost $100 million to enhance the
    capacity of the anti-narcotics police throughout Ecuador,
    assist the military in providing security for citizens and
    protecting Ecuador,s sovereignty on the northern and
    maritime border, and improve the criminal justice system.

    ¶14.  The Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) is also involved in
    counternarcotics activities in Ecuador.  DEA activities
    provide infrastructure works for the Ecuadorian National
    Police and information sharing on large drug-trafficking
    networks.

    ¶15.  The U.S. Forward Operating Location (FOL) in Manta,
    Ecuador is an important asset in our regional
    counter-narcotics efforts.  Flights from the FOL conduct
    counter-narcotics surveillance in the eastern Pacific.
    Embassy efforts over the past two years to educate the
    Ecuadorian public about the FOL and its benefits have reduced
    misperceptions and negative views, especially in Manta
    itself, but were complicated by the March 1, 2008, Colombian
    incursion into Ecuador.  On July 29, 2008, the GOE sent a
    diplomatic note notifying the United States that it will not
    extend the agreement when it expires on November 11, 2009.
    The United States is now planning its withdrawal from the
    facility.

    PEACE CORPS

    ¶16.  Ecuador hosts one of our oldest Peace Corps programs in
    the region, which started in 1962.  Approximately 160
    volunteers serve throughout the country.  Program areas
    include natural resource conservation, community health,
    sustainable agriculture, and youth and family development.
    The volunteers also carry out projects and training in youth
    entrepreneurship and leaderships, HIV/AIDS and trafficking in
    persons (TIP) awareness and prevention education,
    micro-enterprise and community banking development, and
    gender equality education.
    HODGES

`