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### Viewing cable 05QUITO179, SUPPORTING HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY REPORT

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
05QUITO179 | 2005-01-25 17:05 | 2011-05-02 00:12 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Quito

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 QUITO 000179

    SIPDIS

    STATE FOR WHA/AND AND DRL/PHD

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PGOV PREL EC
    SUBJECT: SUPPORTING HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY REPORT
    SUBMISSION

    REF: STATE 267453

    ¶1. (U) We are submitting the following information in
    response to the request for the 2004 Supporting Human Rights
    and Democracy Report (reftel). On January 25, Post emailed
    the version with tracked changes to DRL/PHD.

    ¶2. (U) Although Ecuador enjoys a democratically elected
    government that generally respects human rights, its weak
    government institutions, widespread corruption and limited
    resources contributed to human rights abuses. There were
    credible reports that security forces committed killings
    using unwarranted lethal force; however, members of the
    security forces faced prosecution and prison sentences for
    some violations. Police tortured and otherwise mistreated
    prisoners and detainees. Prison conditions remained poor.
    Persons were subject to arbitrary arrest, and over 70 percent
    of the detainees in jail had not been sentenced formally.
    Pervasive discrimination against women, the indigenous and
    Afro-Ecuadorians continued to occur and included occasional
    violence. Child labor and trafficking in persons (TIP)
    remained problems.

    ¶3. (U) The U.S. human rights and democracy strategy aims to
    help strengthen the judicial system and the rule of law,
    promote human rights education, improve the media's
    effectiveness, combat child labor and trafficking in persons,
    and assist Colombian refugees. The U.S. government supports
    democracy, good governance and protection of the human rights
    of migrants. U.S. officials advocated respect for democratic
    institutions, stronger workers' rights protections, and
    development of legislation and a national plan to combat TIP.

    ¶4. (U) The judicial system of Ecuador is plagued by
    inefficiency and corruption that undermines the rule of law
    and hinders speedy and fair trials; the United States
    supports a number of projects to strengthen judicial
    effectiveness and fight corruption. Judicial reform programs
    funded through the State Department's International Narcotics
    and Law Enforcement Bureau and the U.S. Agency for
    International Development (USAID) provided approximately $2
    million to help train police, prosecutors and judges in
    criminal justice reform and the proper application of the
    legal system, including the oral accusatory system and oral
    litigation skills. Although the national government has made
    little progress in advancing its anti-corruption program,
    USAID implemented programs at the local level to improve
    transparency and accountability.

    ¶5. (U) With U.S. assistance, Ecuador's inter-institutional
    commission to advance criminal justice reform has developed a
    detailed action plan, made some progress on improving
    coordination among judicial institutions, and written a bill
    to reform the criminal code. USAID developed and distributed
    a multimedia training package to inform civil society about
    applying the criminal procedures system.  To strengthen an
    inadequate public defense service, USAID provided funding of
    nearly $70,000 to expand citizens' access to justice,
    especially that of poor people in rural regions of the
    country.

    ¶6. (U) A wide range of U.S. programs support Ecuador's
    democratic institutions, and throughout the year the
    Ambassador, other embassy officials and visiting high-level
    U.S. officials publicly advocated respect for those
    institutions and constitutional processes.  The United States
    sponsored Ecuadorian participants in programs providing
    in-depth looks at the administration of justice, responsible
    policing, grass roots democracy, drug control policy,
    responsible media, indigenous community development, economic
    and agricultural development and improving educational
    systems.  U.S. experts were brought to Ecuador to work with
    local leaders on judicial ethics and citizen participation in
    democratic processes and to participate in an international
    youth conference on leadership. The Embassy sponsored
    performances of "Dialogues of Liberty," which emphasized the
    importance of individual liberty and personal responsibility
    in a democracy through dramatic speeches by Ecuadorian
    historical figures. USAID expanded its program to strengthen
    local government effectiveness and transparency to three
    additional provinces. The program also increased citizen
    participation through citizen audit committees to oversee
    implementation of local assistance projects and development
    of legal proposals to decentralize government. Additionally
    USAID began a project to train teachers on their
    constitutional rights and responsibilities and a separate
    program to lobby Ecuador's Congress for passage of a Freedom
    of Information Act (which occurred in May 2004 and was signed
    by the President in January 2005). The program will train
    citizens on their rights and institutions on application of
    the law.

    ¶7. (U) U.S. SOUTHCOM continued military-to-military contact
    focused on promotion of fundamental human rights and
    humanitarian outreach including medical assistance and
    peacekeeper exercises. The Embassy coordinated interagency
    human rights' vetting of military units proposed for U.S.
    training and/or support, and human rights training was
    integrated into all U.S.-supported military exercises and
    operational training conducted in the country.

    ¶8. (U) USAID implemented two programs to fight sexual and
    domestic violence against women and children. Of these, a
    domestic violence and gender program in Quito continues to
    work to improve the city's monitoring of domestic violence
    cases and processing of sex crime cases.

    ¶9. (U) The U.S. Labor Department supported government efforts
    to combat child labor and funded two major programs. Catholic
    Relief Services will administer a four-year, $3 million
    project, targeted at child laborers and children at risk of
    entering the banana and flower industries, and aims to meet
    their education needs. An ongoing $2 million project aims to
    combat the worst forms of child labor in Ecuador, through
    projects in the agriculture and construction sectors and
    targets the commercial sexual exploitation of minors. The
    United States advocated the strengthening of Ecuador's labor
    laws and practices, including reform of Ecuador's outdated
    labor code to ensure the right of association without fear of
    retribution, and requested action by the Government in
    specific labor rights cases.

    ¶10. (U) In addition to working against the worst forms of
    child labor, the United States repeatedly raised with
    Ecuadorian officials the need for coordinated action against
    the broader problem of trafficking in persons. The U.S.
    Department of State funded an $800,000 program with the
    American Bar Association to review proposed TIP legislation
    and coordinate efforts to combat trafficking. USAID partnered
    with a U.S. based NGO, Geneva Global, to fund 12 projects
    that will be implemented in 2005. USAID also began work with
    local governments to fight TIP. Trafficking was targeted
    through assistance to government efforts to dismantle alien
    smuggling organizations, where cooperation between U.S. and
    Ecuadorian officials led to the dismantlement of 27 alien
    smuggling rings and the arrest of 128 alien smugglers. The
    United States also provided equipment for airports and border
    crossings to allow authorities to better monitor travelers.

    ¶11. (U) As of November 30, almost 8,000 Colombians had sought
    refugee status in Ecuador.  To help this vulnerable
    population, the United States provided funding to the UN High
    Commission for Refugees, the International Organization for
    Migration, the American Red Cross and the Pan American Health
    Organization to support refugee centers and services for
    Colombians seeking refuge in Ecuador.

    ¶12. USG Projects of $100,000 or more:
    - Support Our Youth Child Labor Project, Dept. of Labor,
    $3,000,000;
    - Judicial reform program, NAS and AID, $2,000,000;
    - ILO-IPEC Time-Bound Child Labor Project, Dept. of Labor,
    $2,000,000;
    - American Bar Association's TIP project in Ecuador, Dept. of
    State, $800,000;
    - The Time is Now:  Strategically Mobilizing Anti-Trafficking
    in Organizations in Ecuador, AID and Geneva Global, $600,000;
    - Values Education - CORDES, AID, $165,000;
    - Control of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Minors in the
    city of Santo Domingo de los Colorados, AID, $120,000.
    Kenney

`