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### Viewing cable 03HALIFAX108, ALIEN SMUGGLING AT HALIFAX PORT

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
03HALIFAX108 | 2003-04-03 20:08 | 2011-04-28 00:12 | UNCLASSIFIED | Consulate Halifax

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 HALIFAX 0108

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED

    DEPT FOR WHA/CAN

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PHUM SMIG CVIS PBTS EWWT CA
    SUBJECT:  ALIEN SMUGGLING AT HALIFAX PORT

    ¶1.  SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED - ENTIRE TEXT.

    ¶2.  (SBU) SUMMARY:  The port of Halifax is facing a growing
    problem of stowaways, primarily of Romanian nationality, who
    arrive here hidden in shipping containers on board commercial
    freight vessels originating at southern European ports.
    Certain smuggling rings, probably linked to organized crime,
    appear to be exploiting marine shipping to Halifax as their
    preferred means of getting illegal migrants into North America.
    It is unclear how many of these container stowaways are seeking
    to enter the United States as their final destination.  (END
    SUMMARY)

    ¶3. (SBU) Over the past several years, Canadian authorities in
    Halifax have discovered increasing numbers of intending
    immigrants arriving as stowaways aboard commercial container
    ships bound from southern European ports.  Contacts in the Royal
    Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) and in Citizenship and
    Immigration Canada (CIC) have told Congen that, in 2000, they
    arrested at least 25 persons attempting to enter the country in
    this manner.  By 2002, the number had risen to 42.   Although no
    stowaways have yet been intercepted in Halifax in 2003, it is
    too early in the year to identify a trend because most alien
    smuggling of this type occurs during the warmer months of the
    year.  Local officials also acknowledge that it impossible to
    know how many stowaways arrive in Halifax this way without being
    detected.

    ¶4. (SBU) Marine container stowaways arriving in Halifax are
    predominantly Romanian (at least 90 percent), although a small
    number of Moldavians, Bulgarians, and other Eastern Europeans
    have also taken this route.   According to CIC contacts, they
    tend to be males between the ages of 18 and 45.  Most had been
    living and working illegally for some time in other European
    countries (particularly Italy and Spain), usually in
    construction or as unskilled laborers, prior to embarking.
    About 90 percent claim to have been assisted by a smuggler, who
    brings them into the cargo terminal and places them in a
    container prior to loading.  The intending immigrants are
    responsible for bringing their own food, water, toilet
    facilities, and cutting tools.  Fees for this service generally
    range from 500 to 1,500 Euros.  CIC and RCMP officials strongly
    suspect that  these smugglers have ties to organized crime, but
    they have made no progress in identifying which criminal
    organizations are involved.

    ¶5. (SBU) Smugglers typically place the intending immigrants in
    40-foot shipping containers loaded with heavy goods such as
    ceramic tile, paper, wine, or cognac.  These containers have
    sufficient empty space inside to accommodate the passengers.
    The smugglers instruct their customers to cut themselves out of
    their containers after about two days at sea, once the vessel is
    far enough out to guarantee that the shipQs captain will not
    turn around to put the stowaways ashore at the port of origin.
    Halifax officials are convinced that these smuggling rings have
    accomplices among the stevedores responsible for loading
    vessels, since the containers with stowaways invariably are
    placed along the outside of a stack, allowing the occupants an
    easy exit from the container.

    ¶6. (SBU) In past years, according to Halifax officials, most
    container stowaways had originated from the Italian ports of
    Livorno and Genova.  As recently as late 2001, the RCMP had
    confided to Congen that Italian authorities seemed to show
    little enthusiasm for aggressively combating this type of
    outgoing alien smuggling from their ports.  RCMP and CIC
    contacts, however, now indicate that interest in port security
    measures and cooperation in combating alien smuggling via
    shipping containers has increased markedly among their Italian
    contacts in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks.  The RCMP
    believes that port security measures adopted principally to
    combat terrorism are beginning to have a beneficial trickle-down
    effect on attempts to curb this type of illegal immigration.

    ¶7. (SBU) As Italian ports are becoming less accessible, our
    contacts say, alien smugglers are shifting their efforts to
    Spain, transforming Barcelona into the preferred port of
    departure for container ship stowaways.  Officials of the RCMPQs
    Immigration and Passport Section returned last week from a visit
    to Barcelona to improve cooperation and coordination with their
    port security counterparts there.  These officials told conoff
    that the Spanish were cooperative and appear to be making major
    strides in tightening security at the port.  They reported that
    new security measures in the port of Barcelona include a network
    of 65 cameras tied to a central monitoring facility, improved
    access IDQs for port workers, the introduction of electronic
    cargo manifests, gamma-ray scanning devices, and improved
    container seals.  RCMP contacts also report the active support
    of the stevedoreQs union, such as by making clear to its
    membership that any complicity in alien smuggling would result
    in the loss of union membership.

    ¶8. (SBU) Our contacts are cautiously optimistic that cooperation
    with Italian and Spanish authorities will reverse the trend in
    alien smuggling to Halifax via marine containers.  The RCMP,
    however, fears that the criminal organizations that involved in
    trafficking in illegal immigrants might then simply shift their
    efforts to other European ports with easier access.  They say
    that Lisbon could become a venue for such activity because port
    security there has not improved as quickly or as markedly as in
    Italy and Spain.

    ¶9. (SBU) COMMENT:  It is unclear how many of these container
    stowaways are seeking to enter the United States as their final
    destination.  Some of the ships carrying these intending
    immigrants were bound for U.S. ports after leaving Halifax.  We
    will endeavor to get our local police and immigration contacts
    to focus on this question in their future investigations into
    this alien smuggling problem.
    KASHKETT

`