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### Viewing cable 09KABUL3366, KUNDUZ AUTHORITIES TURN TO MILITIAS AS SECURITY DETERIORATES

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
09KABUL3366 | 2009-10-19 16:04 | 2011-01-24 17:05 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Kabul

`

    VZCZCXRO3704
    RR RUEHDBU RUEHPW RUEHSL
    DE RUEHBUL #3366/01 2921654
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    R 191654Z OCT 09
    FM AMEMBASSY KABUL
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 2385
    INFO RUCNAFG/AFGHANISTAN COLLECTIVE
    RBDFOBE/COMMCEN ISAF KABUL
    RHMFISS/CDR USCENTCOM MACDILL AFB FL

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 KABUL 003366

    SENSITIVE
    SIPDIS

    DEPARTMENT FOR SRAP, SCA/FO, SCA/A, EUR/RPM
    STATE PASS TO AID FOR ASIA/SCAA
    USFOR-A FOR POLAD

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: PGOV PINR PREL MOPS AF
    SUBJECT: KUNDUZ AUTHORITIES TURN TO MILITIAS AS SECURITY DETERIORATES

    ¶1. (SBU) SUMMARY: Provincial authorities in Kunduz, increasingly
    alarmed at the deterioration of the security situation in the
    province, have turned to a last resort: supporting local mujahedeen
    commanders to fight the Taliban. While supporting local commanders
    has some short-term security benefits, these are likely to come at
    the expense of formal institutions such as the police if there is no
    outlook for their future integration into the Afghan National
    Security Forces (ANSF). One neighboring governor, Atta Mohammad Noor in Balkh Province, disagreed with the arming of local militias in
    Kunduz, and the outgoing German commander of RC-North also signaled his concern. We will continue to monitor the evolution of this
    local defense initiative and similar ones throughout the country.

    End Summary.

    ¶2. (SBU) Kunduz Governor Eng. Mohammad Omar and National Directorate
    of Security (NDS) officials announced at a September 13th weekly
    meeting on security issues with the PRT and others that they were
    providing support to local militias to combat the insurgency.
    Kunduz Deputy NDS Chief Karim Atrafi told State PRTOff that, for the
    past two months, NDS has been paying mujahedeen commanders so that they could buy arms on the local market. Atrafi added a positive
    spin on the program, arguing that it was driving up the cost of arms
    on the market, making it more expensive for the Taliban to do
    business. Atrafi asserted that the support provided by NDS was
    financial only (i.e. not in the form of arms) and that the militia
    forces were under the authority of the Afghan National Police
    (ANP).

    ¶3. (SBU) Based on conversations with the Governor, NDS, UNAMA, and
    the PRT's J-9, it appears the effort to support mujahedeen
    commanders to fight the insurgency has focused on the districts of
    Imam Saheb (northern Kunduz province), Khanabad (eastern Kunduz),
    and Qala-e-Zal (northwestern Kunduz). According to NDS, in Chahar
    Dara district insurgent infiltration was too high for a similar
    effort to be feasible, but the September 4 coalition airstrike
    disrupted the insurgent network in Chahar Dara to such an extent
    that NDS has also begun efforts there to support friendly militias.

    ¶4. (SBU) In Khanabad district, the power broker behind the militias
    is the Tajik commander Mir Alam, who was formerly police chief of
    Baghlan and who, according to many observers, has ambitions on the
    post of Kunduz provincial police chief. Mir Alam's sub-commanders
    have reportedly driven out Taliban from villages in the volatile
    area of Aqtash; however there are conflicting accounts from ANP and
    other sources regarding whether this was done more through
    negotiation or actual fighting.

    ¶5. (SBU) In Imam Saheb, members of the Uzbek Ibrahimi family (who
    hold several key government positions in the area, including Imam
    Saheb district police chief, Governor of neighboring Takhar
    province, and a seat in parliament) have, along with local
    commanders and community elders, pressed Kunduz authorities to
    provide them with arms and ammunition. We understand that
    authorities initially told them they should have enough arms in
    their possession to resist the Taliban. However, when the commanders
    themselves came under threat from insurgents, authorities relented
    and agreed to have NDS provide them with a limited quantity of
    weapons.

    ¶6. (SBU) In Qala-e-Zal, militias controlled by Turkmen commander
    Nabi Gichi have had some success in fighting the insurgency in the
    northern part of the district. According to the Governor and NDS,
    Gichi's forces killed twenty insurgents and convinced a Taliban
    commander to join the government side. Gov. Omar suggested at a
    recent meeting that Gichi should be brought into a government
    position.

    ¶7. (SBU) Atta Mohammad Noor, the Governor of Balkh Province, has
    publicly criticized the move to arm local militias in Kunduz. When
    Ambassador Wayne visited RC-North on October 1, outgoing RC-North
    Commander Vollmer briefed on his perspective of the sources of
    instability and violence, but signaled that he was not comfortable
    with the use of militias to counter the problem. He said what was
    needed was about 2500 more police in the province.

    -------
    COMMENT
    -------

    ¶8. (SBU) Provincial authorities have become increasingly frustrated
    over the past several months over the rapidly deteriorating security
    situation in Kunduz province and what they see as the lack of
    adequate ANSF (particularly ANP) and ISAF forces to take on the
    insurgency. The effort to support local militias to combat the
    insurgency is a sign of how deeply frustrated, almost desperate,
    KABUL 00003366 002 OF 002
    they have become. Their willingness to discuss these efforts, the
    legality of which is not clear, suggests they have received a green
    light as well as funding from someone in the central government in
    Kabul.

    ¶9. (SBU) Beyond reversing even the limited progress toward
    disarmament made under DDR (Disarmament, Demobilization and
    Reintegration) and DIAG (Disbandment of Illegal Armed Groups)
    programs, the implications of supporting local militias to combat
    the insurgency are both complex and uncertain. In many cases, these
    militias are likely considerably stronger in both numbers and arms
    than the under-staffed and under-equipped police, which puts the
    official assertion of MoI/ANP control over the militias in doubt. In
    addition, provincial authorities do not appear to have plans to
    integrate these militias into the ANSF, raising questions about how
    long funding for them will continue and what will become of them
    (and their arms) once the threat from the insurgency is mitigated.

    ¶10. (SBU) The short-term security benefits of supporting militias
    led by mujahedeen commanders are significant. However, these
    benefits are likely to come at the expense of Afghan institutions
    such as the ANP if support to militias is not coupled with GIRoA
    monitoring, stepped-up efforts to build up the ANP and a plan to
    eventually draw down and disarm the militias or integrate them into
    ANSF. In particular, the effort is likely to undermine Gen. Abdul
    Rizzaq Yaqubi, an unusually competent and professional provincial
    police chief, while at the same time strengthening former commander
    Mir Alam, a figure with a history of human rights abuses and
    administrative incompetence as police chief of Baghlan. Mission
    will continue to monitor closely the evolution of this local defense
    initiative and similar ones throughout the country. End Comment.
    EIKENBERRY

`