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### Viewing cable 09BOGOTA3093, COLOMBIA-ECUADOR TIES THAWING

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
09BOGOTA3093 | 2009-09-29 15:03 | 2011-04-09 07:07 | CONFIDENTIAL//NOFORN | Embassy Bogota
Appears in these articles: http://www.eluniverso.com/2011/04/09/1/1355/cable-227458.html

`

    VZCZCXYZ0000
    RR RUEHWEB

    DE RUEHBO #3093/01 2721502
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    R 291502Z SEP 09
    FM AMEMBASSY BOGOTA
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 0140
    INFO RHEHAAA/NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC
    RHMFISS/CDR USSOUTHCOM MIAMI FL
    RHMFISS/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHINGTON DC
    RHMFISS/FBI WASHINGTON DC
    RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC
    RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA 0042
    RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES 0007
    RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS 0041
    RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ SEP LIMA 0048
    RUEHZP/AMEMBASSY PANAMA 0045

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L BOGOTA 003093

    NOFORN
    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 2019/09/29
    TAGS: PREL PGOV PHUM KJUS PTER ETRD OAS CO EC
    SUBJECT: COLOMBIA-ECUADOR TIES THAWING

    REF: BOGOTA 3011

    CLASSIFIED BY: Mark Wells, Political Counse...

    id: 227458
    date: 9/29/2009 15:02
    refid: 09BOGOTA3093
    origin: Embassy Bogota
    classification: CONFIDENTIAL//NOFORN
    destination: 09BOGOTA3011
    header:
    VZCZCXYZ0000
    RR RUEHWEB

    DE RUEHBO #3093/01 2721502
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    R 291502Z SEP 09
    FM AMEMBASSY BOGOTA
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 0140
    INFO RHEHAAA/NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC
    RHMFISS/CDR USSOUTHCOM MIAMI FL
    RHMFISS/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHINGTON DC
    RHMFISS/FBI WASHINGTON DC
    RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC
    RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA 0042
    RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES 0007
    RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS 0041
    RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ SEP LIMA 0048
    RUEHZP/AMEMBASSY PANAMA 0045

    ----------------- header ends ----------------

    C O N F I D E N T I A L BOGOTA 003093

    NOFORN
    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 2019/09/29
    TAGS: PREL PGOV PHUM KJUS PTER ETRD OAS CO EC
    SUBJECT: COLOMBIA-ECUADOR TIES THAWING

    REF: BOGOTA 3011

    CLASSIFIED BY: Mark Wells, Political Counselor; REASON: 1.4(B), (D)

    SUMMARY

    -------

    ¶1. (C/NF) Colombia and Ecuador announced on September 24 that they
    had begun the process of re-establishing diplomatic relations,
    which Ecuador severed in March 2008 after a Colombian military raid
    against a Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) camp in
    Ecuadorian territory.  The two sides released an 11-point outline
    of the terms of the process, beginning with the naming of Charges
    d'Affaires in October.  The communique also included a Colombian
    pledge to refrain from military action inside Ecuador, an
    Ecuadorian promise to crack down on illegal armed groups in its
    territory, bilateral efforts to improve the situation of Colombian
    refugees in Ecuador, and initiatives to increase communication and
    coordination between authorities on both sides of the border.  The
    agreement deferred particularly thorny topics or set them up for
    mediation through the Carter Center or Organization of American
    States (OAS).  Colombian officials credit Ecuadorian President
    Rafael Correa's constructive attitude in recent Union of South
    American Nations (UNASUR) meetings, likely motivated by the need to
    diplomatically address a range of bilateral issues.  Colombia
    appears to be looking at the thaw as a way to drive a wedge between
    Ecuador and Venezuela and improve commerce with Ecuador as trade
    with Venezuela worsens, but it will take time for Colombia and
    Ecuador to overcome remaining differences.  End Summary.

    RAPPROCHEMENT AFTER 18 MONTH BREAK

    ----------------------------------

    ¶2. (U) Colombian Foreign Minister Jaime Bermudez and Ecuadorian
    Foreign Minister Fander Falconi announced on September 24 that
    their countries had begun the process of re-establishing diplomaticQelati
    ons.  (NOTE: Ecuador broke diplomatic relations with Colombia
    in March 2008 after a Colombian military strike against FARC
    Commander Raul Reyes' camp just across the border in Ecuador. End
    Note.)  The ministers made the announcement in New York after what
    Colombian press characterized as four days of intense negotiations
    on the margins of the UN General Assembly.  Bermudez also thanked
    the Carter Center and the OAS for their ongoing help mediating
    between the two sides.

    11 POINT PLAN FOR WAY FORWARD

    -----------------------------

    ¶3. (U) The GOC and the GOE released an 11-point communique
    outlining the terms of the bilateral thaw.  Among the most
    important points were that Colombia pledged to refrain from
    military or security operations in Ecuadorian territory, while
    Ecuador promised it would not tolerate the presence of illegal
    armed groups in its territory -- and further vowed to repel them
    with force, if necessary.  The two governments also proposed the
    creation of mechanisms to improve conditions for Colombian refugees
    living in Ecuador, with the GOC pledging to work with NGOs and
    other governments to provide funds and services for them.  (NOTE:
    The GOE estimates that about 600,000 Colombians live in its
    territory, 135,000 of which the UN High Commissioner for Refugees
    thinks need international protection as refugees. End Note.)  They
    also announced the reactivation of the Binational Border Commission
    and Neighbor Committees to improve coordination and communication
    between the two countries' civilian, police, and military
    authorities.

    ¶4. (U) In the 11 points, Colombia and Ecuador said ongoing legal
    disputes between the two countries would not be part of this
    initial dialogue.  This was a clear reference to the international
    arrest warrant an Ecuadorian judge issued in June for former
    Colombian defense minister Juan Manuel Santos in connection with
    the 2008 raid, and to Ecuador's legal processes against Colombia at
    the Hague over aerial fumigation.  While the GOC explicitly noted
    it does not recognize extraterritorial jurisdiction for Ecuador to
    prosecute current or past GOC officials, the GOE said it would
    respect the independence of its judicial authorities.  Both
    governments asked for further mediation from the Carter Center and
    the OAS on particularly sensitive topics, including security, crime
    control (e.g., narcotrafficking and violent crime) and economic
    development in the border area.

    GOC SEES STRATEGIC ADVANTAGE,

    GOE SEEKS PROGRESS ON ISSUES

    -----------------------------

    ¶5. (C/NF) Bermudez and Defense Minister Silva told us they had seen
    an opening with Ecuador during the recent UNASUR summit, and they
    hoped to drive a wedge between Ecuador and Venezuela (reftel).
    Ambassador Carlos Morales, MFA Acting Director for Latin America
    and the Caribbean, told Poloff on September 28 that Colombia hopes
    to reinvigorate commercial flows with Ecuador to partly offset
    trade woes with Venezuela.

    ¶6. (C) Morales opined that the GOE's change in attitude was forced
    by Ecuador's need to address diplomatically a range of issues,
    including trade, refugees, narcotics, and crime.  He credited
    President Correa's sudden constructive attitude as chair of recent
    UNASUR meetings, the GOC's decision to participate at high levels
    in both the UNASUR Bariloche summit and Quito ministerial,
    Colombian President Alvaro Uribe's repeated apologies (most
    recently at the Bariloche summit) for the cross-border raid, and
    mediation by the Carter Center for the warming of relations.  The
    ball was set in motion when two countries' foreign ministers met
    quietly a few months ago at the Carter Center in Atlanta, Morales
    said.

    WAY AHEAD NOT ENTIRELY CLEAR

    ----------------------------

    ¶7. (C/NF) Bermudez explained that both governments planned to have
    working groups initiate a process of direct dialogue by
    mid-October, with the goal of re-establishing full diplomatic
    relations as quickly as possible.  However, Colombian Vice Minister
    of Defense Sergio Jaramillo told us he was not convinced the GOE
    was entirely committed to the process.  Moreover, it is unclear
    whether the strategy of ignoring the Santos warrant will prevent it
    from coming back to derail the rapprochement.  Ambassador Morales
    lamented Minister Silva's "unhelpful" declarations at a public
    event on September 27 that full diplomatic relations cannot exist
    if Ecuador insists on prosecuting Colombian officials and does not
    fulfill its promise to combat transnational criminals.

    ¶8. (C) Morales said the Colombian MFA would get to work immediately
    implementing the 11-point accord.  At the top of the agenda are

    selecting a Charge' to send to Quito, establishing bilateral
    working groups to discuss remaining issues, and formalizing the
    mechanisms for mediation through the Carter Center and OAS.  The
    naming of Charges would provide direct diplomatic channels,
    replacing communication through the Argentine Embassy in Quito.
    While the communique was the first major positive step in
    re-establishing ties, Moreno opined that the number of pending
    issues would delay the resumption of full ties beyond this year.

    COMMENT: USG SUPPORT IN PLACE

    -----------------------------
    ¶9. (C) As the verbal barrage and commercial threats from Venezuelan
    President Hugo Chavez continue, the GOC is eager to improve
    relations with neighboring Ecuador.  Embassy Bogota and Embassy
    Quito's Northern Border Working Group carried out two days of
    consultations in Bogota on September 24-25 to consider a range of
    possible USG activities to support the 11 points (septel).

    BROWNFIELD

    =======================CABLE ENDS============================

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