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### Viewing cable 10PANAMA7, Supreme Court Turnover Consolidates Presidential Power

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
10PANAMA7 | 2010-01-19 19:07 | 2011-04-07 00:12 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy Panama
Appears in these articles: http://www.padigital.com.pa/periodico/edicion-actual/wikileaks-panama-interna.php?story_id=1027140&codeth=1593

`

    VZCZCXYZ0000
    RR RUEHWEB

    DE RUEHZP #0007/01 0191916
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    R 191901Z JAN 10
    FM AMEMBASSY PANAMA
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 0327
    INFO RHEFDIA/DIA WASHINGTON DC
    RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC
    RUEHBE/AMEMBASSY BELMOPAN 0011
    RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA
    RUEHGT/AMEMBASSY GUATEMALA
    RUEHME/AMEMBASSY MEXICO
    RUEHMU/AMEMBASSY MANAGUA
    RUEHSJ/AMEMBASSY SAN JOSE
    RUEHSN/AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR
    RUEHTG/AMEMBASSY TEGUCIGALPA 0065
    RUEHZP/AMEMBASSY PANAMA
    RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHINGTON DC

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L PANAMA 000007

    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 2020/01/19
    TAGS: PGOV KJUS KDEM PINR PM
    SUBJECT: Supreme Court Turnover Consolidates Presidential Power

    REF: 09 PANAMA 907

    CLASSIFIED BY: Stephenson, Ambassador; REASON: 1.4(B), (D)

    ¶1. (C) On January 4  the Supreme Court elected longtime member
    Anibal Salas as president and chose recent appointee and former
    drug prosecutor Jose Almengor as president of the court's criminal
    chamber. Salas won six votes for president, including those of
    Alberto Cigarruista and Winston Spadafora, his fellow appointees
    from the Moscoso administration.  Almengor, Alejandro Moncada, PRD
    appointee Victor Benavides and Salas himself joined Cigarruista and
    Spadafora in voting Salas in.  The three judges that post deems to
    be relatively uncorrupt, including previous court president Harley
    Mitchell, abstained from the vote.

    ¶2. (C) The turnover drama was highlighted by Salas' appointment of
    Zaira de Latorraca as his chief staffer after the National Assembly
    rejected her last month as an alternate judge for Moncada (ref A).
    PRD Deputy Mickey Aleman, a close friend of Almengor's, told
    polcouns that after Latorraca was rejected, Almengor instructed her
    to sit tight, because she would be taken care of.  Aleman also
    related that an inebriated President Ricardo Martinelli was
    publicly overheard saying that he had made a big mistake by naming
    Alejandro Moncada.  It appears  that he may have chose Moncada out
    of spite towards the Panamenista Party members in the ruling
    coalition who had strenuously objected to Martinelli's  first
    choice, former PRD member and current Electoral Tribunal magistrate
    Gerardo Solis.

    ¶3. (U) The following is an organization chart of the Supreme Court.
    There are four chambers, called "salas" in Spanish:

    Civil Court:

    Justice Alberto Cigarruista, President                    Appointed
    by former President Moscoso

    Justice OydC)n Ortega
    Appointed by former President Torrijos

    Justice Harley Mitchell
    Appointed by former President Torrijos

    Penal Court:

    Justice JosC) Abel Almengor, President                  Appointed by
    current President Martinelli

    Justice JerC3nimo MejC-a
    Appointed by former President Torrijos

    Justice Anibal Salas
    Appointed by former President Moscoso

    Administrative Court:

    Justice Winston Spadafora, President                    Appointed
    by former President Moscoso

    Justice Alejandro Moncada Luna
    Appointed by current President Martinelli

    Justice Victor Benavides
    Appointed by former President Torrijos

    General Matters Court
    Composed of the Presidents of the other three courts.

    ¶4. (U) The Supreme Court has nine magistrates, appointed to
    ten-year terms.  Every two years, two judges are replaced,
    staggering the tenure of the justices.  Salas has been a member of
    the court for eight years and will serve a two-year term as
    president, where his main authority rests with his ability to set
    the agenda for the weekly full plenary sessions of the court.
    Apart from the weekly plenaries, which are held to address cases
    with constitutional implications, the court is divided into four
    three-judge chambers, three of which hear cases according to type;
    civil, criminal, or administrative.  A fourth chamber is composed
    of the presidents of each of the first three and is dedicated to
    internal court matters and licensing for attorneys.  It is in these
    chambers that the bulk of the court's work occurs, hearing cases
    which have no bearing on constitutional law but which are not
    resolved by Panama's lower courts.  In addition to normal duties,
    the court retains two powers with wide ramifications for Panama's
    government; it has sole authority to remove and try legislators,
    and it controls appointments to the courts immediately underneath
    it.   These lower courts, in turn, control appointments beneath
    them, creating a cascade of judicial power from the top levels of
    government.

    ¶6. Comment: President Martinelli now controls the executive,
    legislative and judicial branches of government, and civil society
    and the media are up in arms.  Septel will detail the latest
    developments in Martinelli's quest to rein in the Attorney
    General's office, the last remaining independent government
    institution.
    GILMOUR

`