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### Viewing cable 09PARIS1426, FRANCE: SCENESETTER FOR FBI DIRECTOR MUELLER,S

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
09PARIS1426 | 2009-10-22 15:03 | 2010-11-30 16:04 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy Paris

`

    VZCZCXYZ0006
    OO RUEHWEB

    DE RUEHFR #1426/01 2951558
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    O 221558Z OCT 09
    FM AMEMBASSY PARIS
    TO RHMCSUU/FBI WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
    INFO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 7399

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L PARIS 001426

    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 11/22/2019
    TAGS: PREL PTER PGOV FR
    SUBJECT: FRANCE: SCENESETTER FOR FBI DIRECTOR MUELLER,S
    VISIT

    Classified By: Classified by Pol M/C Allegrone for Reasons 1.4 b and d.

    ¶1. (C) SUMMARY: Embassy Paris welcomes the visit of FBI
    Director Mueller. The timing of this first trip is ideal,
    with our bilateral relationship at its highest point in fifty
    years. You will find your interlocutors energized by the
    President,s visits to Paris and Normandy and they look
    forward to getting a sense of your strategy for the next
    year, and will want to know how they and other like-minded
    European states can contribute to the success of your
    efforts. END SUMMARY.

    MINISTRY OF INTERIOR
    --------------------
    ¶2. (SBU) The Ministry of Interior directs a civilian force of
    146,000 national police who operate with a force of 99,509
    national gendarmes to maintain internal security. Sarkozy
    merged the two primary internal intelligence agencies,
    Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire (DST) and
    Renseignements Gnraux (RG), in May 2008 to form a French
    equivalent to the FBI. The goals of the merger include
    removing interagency competition detrimental to France,s
    counter-terrorism efforts, increasing operational capability,
    and phasing out redundancies. Foreign intelligence agencies
    now have a single internal intelligence interlocutor in
    France, that should increase and simplify cooperation. The
    organization is led by Bernard Squarcini, former deputy
    director of the RG, and close friend of President Sarkozy. A
    working group at the directorate general of the national
    police has been meeting regularly to work out the new
    structure of the merged intelligence service, including its
    jurisdiction, size, and missions. The media reports that the
    RG will no longer monitor public opinion, union activities,
    and social conflicts, but details of on-the-ground changes in
    responsibilities remain unknown. Frdric Pchenard,
    director-general of the French national police is overseeing
    the merger.

    COUNTER-TERRORISM
    -----------------
    ¶3. (SBU) France is one of a number of major European
    countries combating terrorism at home and abroad, although it
    has not suffered a significant terrorist incident in recent
    years. Al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) poses a
    considerable threat to French interests, underscored by
    statements made by al-Qaida senior leadership or AQIM itself.
    Local Corsican separatists, Basque Fatherland and Liberty
    (ETA) members and ultra-left anarchist factions have been
    responsible for the majority of recent attacks and arrests of
    individuals suspected of involvement in terrorist activities
    or membership of groups deemed terrorist. The number and
    violence of ETA and Corsican attacks in France have continued
    to drop, but France is at once a target as well as a
    potential staging area for international Islamic terrorist
    groups, including Kurdistan Workers party affiliates. France
    remains on high alert and recognizes its continuing status as
    a target of AQIM and of other extremist groups in France and
    abroad.

    ¶4. (SBU) Loic Garnier was appointed in June to succeed
    Christophe Chaboud as the head of the Ministry of Interior,s
    Unite de Coordination de la Lutte Anti-Terroriste (UCLAT).
    Superintendant Garnier was formerly chief of the criminal
    brigade, the elite unit of the judicial police in Paris.

    RADICALISM
    ----------
    ¶5. (SBU) In addition to undertaking operations to arrest and
    prosecute terrorists, France continued programs to address
    radicalization and extremism through the use of social and
    economic incentives to reduce the susceptibility of at risk
    populations.

    DOMESTIC POLITICS
    -----------------
    ¶6. (C) Now approaching the midpoint of his five year term,
    President Sarkozy is comfortably riding the momentum
    generated by a successful showing in last June's European
    Parliament elections that weakened the UMP's primary
    opponent, the Socialist Party. With the opposition in
    disarray, Sarkozy hopes to extend his political power base by
    scoring big in upcoming regional council elections in March
    ¶2010. Regional elections will be an important snapshot of
    his presidency at mid-term, and the relative strength of
    French political parties before the presidential and
    legislative elections in 2012. In recent months, Sarkozy and
    his majority UMP party have concentrated on joining forces
    with a number of small political parties from across the
    political spectrum to ensure his reelection. Sarkozy has
    sought to lead on security and immigration issues, an issue
    that brought him considerable notoriety during his tenure as
    Minister of Interior under President Chirac.

    Anti-immigration sentiment has been a rallying cry for the
    extremist National Front.

    MILITARY ISSUES
    ---------------
    ¶7. (SBU) In conjunction with specific gendarmes units used
    for military operations, the army is responsible for external
    security under the Ministry of Defense. France currently has
    over 3,000 troops actively participating in operations in
    Afghanistan and Operation Enduring Freedom. The current
    French commitment includes ground troops and air assets.
    There is growing media discussion in France about the
    McChrystal report, which advocates additional troops for
    Afghanistan, and the Obama administration,s review of
    policy. However, Sarkozy used an October 15/16 interview
    with Le Figaro (focused on domestic issues and designed to
    shore up his base), to state that France would send ¬ one
    additional soldier8 to Afghanistan, although there may be
    room for increased civilian engagement, especially if the
    Afghan government is able to restore legitimacy in the wake
    of the troubled August 20 elections. Unlike several other
    significant European troop contributors through ISAF, the
    French do not have overly restrictive rules of engagement and
    have been a strong ally in the field. (Note: the
    &European8 gendarme force Sarkozy proposed last spring will
    finally begin to arrive in Afghanistan in December.)

    DATASHARE
    ---------
    ¶8. (U) We do not have an agreement with France for Preventing
    and Combating Serious Crime (PCSC). The French have
    generally pointed to their privacy laws as an impediment.
    The U.S. side has countered that our privacy laws are similar
    and not a bar to enhanced datashare. The draft text of an
    Agreement was shared with the French Ministry of Interior in
    July 2009. U.S. Embassy Paris also transmitted a Diplomatic
    Note to the French Foreign Ministry in August 2009 requesting
    that in-depth discussions on both a PCSC Agreement and an
    HSPD-6 agreement concerning terrorist watchlist data begin as
    soon as possible. Despite the difficulties of getting
    negotiations underway, U.S. law enforcement officials
    describe cooperation with their French Government
    counterparts as very good within the context of French
    privacy restrictions.

    TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS
    ----------------------
    ¶9. (SBU) The constitution and law prohibit trafficking in
    persons for all purposes. However, trafficking in women and
    children for commercial sexual exploitation, forced labor,
    and petty crime is a problem. Prostitution is legal.
    However, the law prohibits procuring, aiding, assisting,
    maintaining, publicly soliciting, or profiting from the
    prostitution of another individual. Enforcement of these
    laws varied, and criminal activity related to prostitution
    remained a problem. The country was a destination for
    victims, primarily trafficked from Africa (notably Cameroon
    and Nigeria), Central and Eastern Europe (notably Bulgaria
    and Romania), the former Soviet Union, and increasingly Asia
    (notably China), for prostitution and domestic servitude. A
    majority of the estimated 18,000 women in the country,s
    commercial sex trade were likely victims of trafficking.
    Traffickers operated principally in small criminal networks
    characterized as µ-trafficking networks8 that included
    both citizens and foreigners. They used various methods to
    recruit and retain victims including force, fraud,
    identification document confiscation, cultural isolation, and
    physical and psychological abuse. Several law enforcement
    agencies were involved in combating trafficking. The
    government cooperated bilaterally and with international
    institutions such as the European Police Agency (Europol) to
    investigate, track, and dismantle trafficking networks,
    initiating more than 500 court cases for soliciting and
    dismantling over 23 pimping networks in 2008. Authorities
    worked with officials in other countries, particularly source
    countries, to counter trafficking and identified 822 victims
    during the year.

    COUNTRY CONDITIONS
    ------------------
    ¶10. (U) France is a first-world western democracy with a
    varied economy and one of the most diverse populations in
    Western Europe. At least 20% of the French population of
    approximately 65 million people has either a parent or a
    grandparent who is or was not originally French. Most
    European migrants who arrived before about 1970 have
    integrated fairly effectively into French life; however, more
    recent migrants and their families, many from the former
    French colonies, have not been able to find a place in French
    society as readily. Although there are no official
    statistics, fully ten percent of France,s population is
    Muslim, which have helped inform the country,s developed and

    nuanced views from the Middle East Peace Process to
    assimilation of minority populations. France continues to be
    an asylum destination for immigrants attracted by France's
    relatively generous social security, welfare and education
    systems. Many migrants remain in France "without papers" to
    work illegally (estimates range from 300,000 to 400,000
    clandestine residents in 2008). The Government of France has
    responded with a combination of integration and enforcement
    measures.

    ¶11. (U) The worldwide economic crisis has increased the
    unemployment rate to 7.8 percent in the fourth quarter of
    ¶2008. High unemployment among the young (especially
    undereducated young men of foreign origin), public tensions
    among those of different social and ethnic groups, and
    inadequate low-income housing all contribute to political,
    social, and economic criticism of the Sarkozy administration.

    Good luck with your travels in the region. We look forward
    to welcoming you again to Paris.

    Best regards,

    RIVKIN

`