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### Viewing cable 07VATICAN127, HOLY SEE: LEBANESE ELECTIONS

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
07VATICAN127 | 2007-09-14 09:09 | 2010-12-10 21:09 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy Vatican

`

    VZCZCXRO7529
    OO RUEHDBU RUEHFL RUEHKW RUEHLA RUEHSR
    DE RUEHROV #0127/01 2570932
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    O 140932Z SEP 07
    FM AMEMBASSY VATICAN
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 0789
    INFO RUEHZL/EUROPEAN POLITICAL COLLECTIVE
    RUEHXK/ARAB ISRAELI COLLECTIVE
    RHEHAAA/NSC WASHINGTON DC
    RUEHROV/AMEMBASSY VATICAN 0819

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 VATICAN 000127

    SIPDIS

    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 9/11/2017
    TAGS: PREL LE VT
    SUBJECT: HOLY SEE: LEBANESE ELECTIONS

    VATICAN 00000127 001.2 OF 002

    CLASSIFIED BY: Christopher Sandrolini, DCM, EXEC, State.
    REASON: 1.4 (d)
    ¶1. (C) Summary. Lebanese ambassador to the Holy See told Amb.
    Rooney September 11 that the Holy See values its contacts with
    the US but feels US should listen more closely to Vatican views.
    The recent visit of the Syrian deputy PM was mishandled by the
    Vatican, which failed to deliver a clear message. Patriarch
    Sfeir's recent visit to Rome was also uncomfortable; Sfeir knows
    his influence in Lebanon is limited. It is important for the
    USG to reach out to senior Vatican officials, primarily Cardinal
    Bertone and Archbishop Mamberti. The Holy See has good ties to
    Iran but has not yet acted diplomatically to build on those ties
    with regard to Lebanon. End summary.

    ¶2. (C) Ambassador Rooney discussed the current situation in
    Lebanon September 11 with Lebanese ambassador to the Holy See
    Naji Abi Assi (protect). DCM and Special Assistant also
    attended. Following are observations made by Abi Assi.

    -- The Holy See sometimes complains that USG officials don't
    listen to it; but sometimes Holy See fails to say anything when
    it has the opportunity. He said he had heard that Cardinal
    Bertone appreciated his recent conversations with Secretary Rice
    and Under Secretary Burns.

    -- Syrian deputy president Faruq al-Sharaa, who met the Pope
    September 5, went away satisfied because of the papal penchant
    to speak in general terms, which works in Syria's favor here.
    In this case, the Pope reportedly urged that "a president for
    all Lebanese" be found, but did not go into detail about what
    exactly that would mean, or how it would be done. Syria would
    be quite happy with a pro-Syrian president accepted by all
    Lebanese -- hence al-Sharaa's satisfaction at the meeting --
    though the Holy See had intended rather to urge that the choice
    be left to Lebanese, i.e. that Syria and others should not
    interfere.

    -- Patriarch Sfeir's visit last week was in fact arranged by the
    Lebanese ambassador to Italy, and Sfeir had not sought any Holy
    See meetings; this caused some friction with the Holy See when
    it learned of his visit (Vatican meetings did eventually occur).
    In Abi Assi's view, the Patriarch is relatively unable to
    influence events in Lebanon, and knows it; he is respected but
    not feared, and Christian factions feel free to ignore his
    pleas. Sfeir is still mistrustful of the U.S. because of some
    misunderstandings in the 1990s relating to proposed candidates
    for election to office in Lebanon. (Note: Abi Assi noted that
    although the Maronite Church is in full communion with Rome, it
    is self-governing -- in other words, the Patriarch cannot be
    dismissed and is essentially independent.)

    -- According to Abi Assi, the USG should make a greater effort
    to reach out to Cardinal Bertone and Archbishop Mamberti, rather
    than focusing on the Pope. The Holy See's small structure means
    that top officials rely heavily on individual experts to shape
    their policies; in this case, the key individual is Monsignor
    Franco Coppola (more or less equivalent to an office director),
    whose memos directly influence all his superiors. Coppola
    himself, though not openly anti-American, is very critical of
    the US role in the Middle East and repeatedly reminds listeners
    that President Bush should have listened to papal envoy Cardinal
    Pio Laghi, whom John Paul II had sent to Washington in 2003 to
    plead that the US avoid war in Iraq.

    -- The Holy See maintains dialogue with Syria and Iran, and
    urges the US to do so too. Iran places much value on its
    relationship with the Vatican, has a significant presence here,
    and maintains a vigorous dialogue with the Holy See. The Holy
    See has not, however, taken the initiative with either Syria or
    Iran to seek solutions to any of the regional problems involving
    those countries. In the case of Lebanon, Abi Assi is certain
    that both Syria and Iran are acting from self-interest rather
    than ideology, and therefore are potentially open to other
    courses of action.

    -- Until now, Mamberti has been continuously feeling his way and
    no clear policy has evolved. One day soon, however, Mamberti
    will advise Bertone clearly of his position, and then Holy See
    policy will be fixed. So, according to Abi Assi, we should act
    now to influence Mamberti.

    -- Michel Aoun has power to block any president in Lebanon.

    -- Papal Nuncio Gatti is an expert on Lebanon but is worn out,
    not active; however, no sign that he will be replaced.

    -- The most successful Holy See role in Lebanon will not be
    direct (as in uniting Christians or persuading Sfeir) but rather
    through influence with Lebanon's neighbors.

    -- Abi Assi had high praise for French Middle East envoy
    Jean-Claude Cousseran.

    VATICAN 00000127 002.2 OF 002

    ¶3. (C) Comment: we have found Amb. Abi Assi to be consistently
    well informed and active. In particular we would agree on the
    need for us to focus on Mamberti in the near future, as his
    influence on the Holy See's approach to Lebanon will continue to
    be very strong.
    ROONEY

`