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### Viewing cable 07LIMA3429, MOD BRIEFS SECRETARY GATES ON PLANS TO ENHANCE

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
07LIMA3429 | 2007-10-17 17:05 | 2010-12-12 21:09 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy Lima

`

    VZCZCXYZ0000
    RR RUEHWEB

    DE RUEHPE #3429/01 2901704
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    R 171704Z OCT 07
    FM AMEMBASSY LIMA
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 7146
    INFO RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA 5167
    RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA 7627
    RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS 0843
    RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ OCT QUITO 1513
    RUEHSG/AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO 1536
    RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC
    RHEHAAA/NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC
    RUMIAAA/CDR USCINCSO MIAMI FL

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L LIMA 003429

    SIPDIS

    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 03/22/2017
    TAGS: PGOV MARR KICC PREL PE
    SUBJECT: MOD BRIEFS SECRETARY GATES ON PLANS TO ENHANCE
    INTERNAL SECURITY

    Classified By: Charge James Nealon, for Reasons 1.4 (c,d)

    ¶1. (C) Summary: Senior MOD officials, including Minister of
    Defense Alan Wagner, briefed Secretary of Defense Robert
    Gates on operational plans to expand the government's control
    over four isolated areas of Peru: the Apurimac and Ene river
    valleys (the VRAE); the upper Huallaga valley; the border
    with Columbia; and the northern coast of Peru. All four
    operational plans combine targeted security operations with
    increased investment in health, transportation, and education
    to re-establish the presence of the state and win the support
    of local populations. The briefing emphasized the importance
    of Plan VRAE, which is fully funded and in the process of
    being implemented; the other three programs remain in the
    planning stage. End Summary.

    -------------------------------------
    A Multi-Faceted Approach -- Plan VRAE
    -------------------------------------

    ¶2. (C) On October 5, Minister of Defense Wagner and senior
    defense officials briefed Secretary of Defense Gates on the
    GOP's plans to enhance security and state authority within
    Peru's borders. The GOP has given top priority to Plan VRAE,
    which seeks to re-establish order and combat the presence of
    narcotraffickers and Shining Path terrorists in the four
    departments comprising the Apurimac and Ene river valleys,
    Junin, Cuzco, Huancavelica, and Ayacucho. The VRAE produces
    50 percent of Peru's cocaine and is currently under a state
    of emergency. More than 200,000 persons live in the area: 30
    percent are illiterate, 50 percent malnourished, and 80
    percent live in homes lacking both water and electricity. In
    response, the government of Peru has secured funding to build
    electrical plants, roads, water pipelines, and telephone
    connections in 2007 and 2008. An interagency committee,
    representing 11 ministries and the office of the vice
    president, supervises social development and cooperates with
    the military to increase the presence of security forces in
    the region and to control the lawlessness that has allowed
    the cocaine economy to predominate.

    -----------------------------------
    Putumayo, Huallaga, and Costa Norte
    -----------------------------------

    ¶3. (C) A low level of economic development also afflicts
    the 10,000 persons living along the 1300 kilometer border
    with Colombia that follows the Putumayo River. Approximately
    80 percent of the population lives in poverty, 70 percent in
    extreme poverty. More than 80 percent of villagers are
    illiterate, and more than 95 percent of homes lack
    electricity and water. The goal of Plan Putumayo is to
    integrate the region within the larger Peruvian economy by
    constructing roads and airports, by building primary schools,
    and by ending smuggling across the border. At the same time,
    the plan recognizes the need to send additional troops to the
    area, possibly an additional army battalion in 2008, to aid
    the 2500 soldiers already posted. The long border and dense
    vegetation pose challenges for troops patrolling the region,
    particularly since the isolated bases in the area lack the
    logistical support necessary to sustain operations.

    ¶4. (C) From 70 to 80 percent of Peru's cocaine transits
    through the northern coast, where small fishing villages
    supply vessels to transport drugs to larger ships. Plan
    Costa Norte seeks to enhance the navy's ability to survey and
    patrol waters along Peru's north coast by coordinating
    surface and air operations and by pooling intelligence
    sources from the military, national police, and Ministry of
    Fishing. The GOP expects that increased cooperation will not
    only reduce drug smuggling but also have an impact on
    curtailing piracy, illegal fishing, and human trafficking.
    The MOD noted, however, that at present, the military lacks
    the resources necessary to monitor the illegal activity
    taking place.

    ¶5. (C) Like the VRAE, the Huallaga valley contains a
    Sendero Luminoso column -- estimated at 60 persons -- who
    have increased their involvement in drug trafficking and have
    launched attacks against security personnel. Plan VRAE aims
    to eliminate the threat posed by Sendero Luminoso by
    bolstering the presence of the police and by increasing
    investment in basic infrastructure in order to create a
    vibrant local economy that will undercut the appeal of drug
    trafficking.

    -------------
    GOP Wish List
    -------------

    ¶6. (C) Minister Wagner concluded the presentation by noting
    eight areas where the United States could provide aid to the
    GOP. Three involved military assistance: increased training
    in the US for Peruvian military officers; access to US
    satellite imagery; and funding to allow the Peruvian navy to
    participate in multi-national operations. Five requests
    involved bilateral assistance: the donation of a field
    hospital to assist earthquake victims; additional funding to
    assist Peruvian participation in international peacekeeping;
    support for demining efforts along the Ecuadorian border;
    re-establishment of the bilateral riverine program; and
    funding to help improve naval interdictions along the
    northern coast.

    ¶7. (C) In response to questions raised about Plan Putumayo,
    Wagner said that cooperation with Columbia is excellent --
    the two sides have a treaty allowing "hot pursuit" across the
    border -- and the FARC has not yet established a permanent
    presence on Peruvian soil, although efforts to recruit local
    youths continue. Wagner noted that there are simply not
    enough police along the Putumayo river, where thick jungle
    makes any kind of travel difficult. Wagner also said that a
    lack of air mobility, particularly in the mountainous VRAE,
    hampers military operations. In the VRAE, for example, only
    one military helicopter is operational. The situation is
    different in the Upper Huallaga, where NAS air assets fully
    support police patrols.

    -------
    Comment
    -------

    ¶8. (C) The MOD deserves credit for identifying
    transnational threats of terrorism and drug smuggling within
    Peru's borders as the key security challenge facing the
    government. Wagner recognizes as well that a purely military
    approach to re-establishing state control is likely to fail,
    and he has pursued a multi-faceted approach that responds to
    the underlying social and economic causes of unrest. Still,
    the greatest challenge for the GOP is to translate
    well-meaning and crucial strategic plans into concrete
    action. Plan VRAE, for example, was launched in December
    2006 and has yet to get off the ground. The three other
    plans are still on the drawing boards, with the laborious
    process of obligating funds still pending. President Alan
    Garcia's first year in office has shown that while securing
    funding is a necessary first step in creating change, much
    will depend on implementation.
    NEALON

`