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### Viewing cable 09MONTERREY284, MILITARY PRESENCE NO PANACEA FOR NUEVO LEON

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
09MONTERREY284 | 2009-07-27 13:01 | 2011-02-10 12:12 | CONFIDENTIAL | Consulate Monterrey
Appears in these articles: http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2011/02/10/index.php?section=politica&article=006n1pol

`

    VZCZCXRO7213
    RR RUEHCD RUEHGD RUEHHO RUEHNG RUEHNL RUEHRD RUEHRS RUEHTM
    DE RUEHMC #0284/01 2081355
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    R 271355Z JUL 09
    FM AMCONSUL MONTERREY
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 3839
    RUEHME/AMEMBASSY MEXICO 4910
    INFO RUEHXC/ALL US CONSULATES IN MEXICO COLLECTIVE
    RHMFISS/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHINGTON DC
    RHMFISS/HQ USNORTHCOM
    RUEABND/DEA HQ WASHDC
    RHMFISS/FBI WASHINGTON DC
    RUEFHLC/DEPT OF HOMELAND SECURITY WASHINGTON DC
    RUEHMC/AMCONSUL MONTERREY 9433

` `

    218302
    2009-07-27 13:55:00
    09MONTERREY284
    Consulate Monterrey
    CONFIDENTIAL
    08MONTERREY390|09MONTERREY242|09MONTERREY250
    VZCZCXRO7213
    RR RUEHCD RUEHGD RUEHHO RUEHNG RUEHNL RUEHRD RUEHRS RUEHTM
    DE RUEHMC #0284/01 2081355
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    R 271355Z JUL 09
    FM AMCONSUL MONTERREY
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 3839
    RUEHME/AMEMBASSY MEXICO 4910
    INFO RUEHXC/ALL US CONSULATES IN MEXICO COLLECTIVE
    RHMFISS/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHINGTON DC
    RHMFISS/HQ USNORTHCOM
    RUEABND/DEA HQ WASHDC
    RHMFISS/FBI WASHINGTON DC
    RUEFHLC/DEPT OF HOMELAND SECURITY WASHINGTON DC
    RUEHMC/AMCONSUL MONTERREY 9433

    C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 MONTERREY 000284

    SIPDIS

    E.O. 12958: DECL:  7/27/2019
    TAGS: KCRM CASC PHUM PINS SNAR ASEC PGOV MX
    SUBJECT: MILITARY PRESENCE NO PANACEA FOR NUEVO LEON

    REF: A)  2008 MONTERREY 390,  B) MONTERREY 250, C) MONTERREY 242

    MONTERREY 00000284  001.2 OF 002

    CLASSIFIED BY: Bruce Williamson, Consul General, Monterrey,
    State.
    REASON: 1.4 (b), (d)
    ¶1.  (C)  Summary.  Drug traffickers are continuing their
    campaign of intimidation against the publishers and staff of
    Northern Mexico's leading dealing newspaper - El Norte.  El
    Norte leadership has reached out to local army commanders as the
    threats come in, but as the military is not set up to provide
    protective police services it has not always been able to
    respond in a timely manner.  Meanwhile, military commanders find
    that as their troops collect intel and provide necessary
    firepower in anti-drug enforcement raids, their institution
    becomes enmeshed in the day-to-day violence on the street.  The
    unreliable nature of the state/local police and the inability of
    the military to fully fill that void have left the public
    wondering who it can call upon when it is threatened.  End
    summary.

    The Challenge Facing El Norte
    --------------------------------------
    ¶2.   (U)  On July 22, Consul General met with Alejandro Junco de
    la Vega Sr. and his son, Alejandro Junco de la Vega Jr., key
    shareholders in Grupo Reforma.  Grupo Reforma is the largest
    print media company in Mexico and Latin America.  It publishes 9
    daily newspapers in 4 cities, including the leading newspapers
    in Mexico's 3 largest cities.  In Monterrey, Grupo Reforma
    publishes "El Norte," Northern Mexico's leading daily newspaper.
     In June, the Columbia School of Journalism had bestowed its
    annual journalism award upon Junco de la Vega Sr. for his
    lifelong commitment to reporting.

    ¶3.  (C)  In 2008, due to a continuing series of threats from the
    drug cartels, see Ref A, both father and son and their families
    relocated temporarily to Texas, although the two return to
    Monterrey often to oversee newspaper operations.  The elder
    Junco de la Vega noted that while they had been able to
    accomplish the delicate task of dismissing one of their
    reporters who they discovered was working for the cartels - this
    reporter subsequently took another job with a prominent local
    television outlet - the struggle to maintain the newspaper as an
    independent voice was continuing.  Junco Sr. stated that in
    Monterrey the Zetas focused on El Norte reporting on cartel
    activity because press coverage was a necessary first step for
    civil society to demand a more effective law enforcement
    response.  Military action and civic protests were important
    too, he said, but to solve the problem the press needed to bring
    it to the citizenry's attention; in contrast, cartel bosses
    preferred to go about their business with as little publicity as
    possible.

    ¶3.  (C)  Threats from the Zetas had subsided, the Juncos
    observed, until El Norte decided to host an in-house luncheon
    meeting with local military commanders to discuss the overall
    situation.  Although to lower the public profile of the event
    the commanders had, at El Norte's request, arrived in civilian
    clothes, as was their usual practice they brought with them four
    truckloads of soldiers to ensure security.  Since that time,
    harassment from the Zetas has increased.  Junco Jr. stated that:

    --- an El Norte reporter who had written a story on anti-drug
    checkpoints had been kidnapped for five hours in the neighboring
    community of Santa Catarina, during which time she was beaten
    and threatened with rape/death.
    ---  the hawkers who sold the newspaper at key intersections in
    Santa Catarina had been forcibly driven off the streets.
    ---  a dead body had been dumped on the Junco's family ranch
    south of the city.
    --- a day camp the family had contemplated opening at the ranch
    had been the subject of phone calls threatening violence/death
    if bribes were not paid.

    ¶4.  (C)  Junco Sr. noted that while the army had been a key
    participant in the recent arrests of narco-corrupted police in
    the Monterrey region, ref B, the military suffered from the same
    fractures and pressures as every other element within the
    Mexican law enforcement community.  While public approval of the
    army's performance was high, the military still needed to be
    wary of corruption and ineptitude within its ranks.  For
    instance, Junco Jr. noted, when the day camp threats came in,
    the family telephoned the military for immediate assistance,
    given that the caller had stated that a vehicle with armed
    assailants was nearby and waiting.  Seven hours later they
    received a return phone call.

    ¶5.  (C)  The principal advantage the military enjoyed in the war
    against the cartels, Junco Sr. declared, was not its
    institutional transparency or even greater tactical ability (as
    many of the Zetas themselves had previous military experience).
    The military had encountered success, he said, because it

    MONTERREY 00000284  002.2 OF 002

    invariably could count on the element of surprise.  Because the
    soldiers were quartered on the cartels, the traffickers were
    unable to pressure them into revealing operational plans and
    methods.

    The Army's Point of View
    --------------------------------
    ¶6.  (SBU)  Earlier in the day, CG had met with General Luis
    Moreno Serrano, Commander of the Fourth Military Region (which
    comprises Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, and San Luis Potosi) and his
    number two, General Sergio Garcia - both officers with more than
    40 years of military experience.  During this conversation CG
    brought to their attention allegations of torture on the part of
    a U.S. citizen detained by the military for drug possession.
    See Ref C.  Clearly chagrined, General Moreno stated that it was
    not the army's policy to mistreat detainees and pledged that his
    staff would thoroughly investigate these charges.  Post will
    keep tabs on the local army command's inquiry into this case.

    ¶7.  (C)  Moving beyond the specific allegations, Moreno noted
    that the military was institutionally unable to act as a
    substitute police force.  It could develop intel, he said, and
    mount enforcement actions based upon that information.  However,
    it did not have the resources to supplant civilian law
    enforcement (however flawed/corrupted civilian authorities might
    be) or patrol communities to make them safe.  For instance,
    Moreno declared, while the public perceived the recent string of
    arrests of narco-police as a military initiative, in  reality
    the impetus had come from the state government - all the
    military did was to provide the necessary firepower to deter a
    violent reaction from those arrested.  Even in his most
    conflictive state - Tamaulipas - when the cartels saw the
    military they ran because they knew that could not match their
    muscle, he observed.

    Comment
    -------------
    ¶8.  (C)  The differing points of view of the Juncos and Moreno
    highlight one of the dilemmas facing the local citizenry:  when
    threatened, what institution can one call upon for protection?
    Or to ask the question another way, if the federal, state, and
    local police are unreliable and the military is
    resource-constrained and unavailable, who's left?
    WILLIAMSONB

`