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### Viewing cable 09ROME128, FINAL THOUGHTS ON THE U.S.-ITALY RELATIONSHIP:

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
09ROME128 | 2009-02-05 09:09 | 2011-02-18 12:12 | CONFIDENTIAL//NOFORN | Embassy Rome

`

    VZCZCXRO3775
    OO RUEHFL RUEHKW RUEHLA RUEHNP RUEHROV RUEHSR
    DE RUEHRO #0128/01 0360948
    ZNY CCCCC ZZH
    O 050948Z FEB 09 ZFD
    FM AMEMBASSY ROME
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 1539
    INFO RUEHZL/EUROPEAN POLITICAL COLLECTIVE IMMEDIATE
    RUEHFL/AMCONSUL FLORENCE IMMEDIATE 3414
    RUEHMIL/AMCONSUL MILAN IMMEDIATE 9793
    RUEHNP/AMCONSUL NAPLES IMMEDIATE 3583
    RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 1540
    RHEHNSC/WHITE HOUSE NSC WASHDC IMMEDIATE

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 ROME 000128

    SIPDIS
    NOFORN

    FROM THE AMBASSADOR TO THE SECRETARY

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 02/10/2019
    TAGS: PREL PGOV NATO IT
    SUBJECT: FINAL THOUGHTS ON THE U.S.-ITALY RELATIONSHIP:
    WHAT WE CAN ASK FROM...

    Classified By: Ronald P. Spogli, Ambassador, for reasons 1.4 (b)
    and (d).

    ¶1. (C/NF) Madame Secretary, as I depart Rome after three and
    a half years, permit me the privilege of passing on my
    thoughts to you on the state of U.S. - Italian relations.
    Throughout the post-war period, in particular since the end
    of the Cold War, Italy has been a staunch, reliable, and
    serious partner to the U.S. on the international issues that
    matter most to us.  When all is said and done, Italy has come
    through every time, providing substantive contributions to
    our shared tasks operationally and politically, although we
    have not always given the GOI the level of recognition
    offered to other important allies.  Given the strategic tasks
    ahead and the asks we will shortly make of Italy on issues
    ranging from Afghanistan to the shutdown of Guantanamo, it
    would be worth expending a little capital up front to smooth
    the way.

    ¶2. (C/NF) Italy is one of the pillars of our relationship
    with Europe and is indispensable to any effort to harness
    European resources to address our common global concerns. As
    a member of NATO, the European Union, and the G8, Italy has
    participated in the heavy-lifting of international efforts to
    defeat the Taliban and establish a democratically-based
    government in Afghanistan, to end the bloodshed and bring
    stability to the Balkans, to protect Israel from the effects
    of extremist attacks and provide stability to Lebanon, and to
    help Iraq recover from years of repression by assisting in
    the economic and political development of the country, in
    particular in the development of its security sector.  Italy
    provides a unique geostrategic platform within Europe for
    U.S. forces, allowing us to reach easily into troubled areas
    throughout the Middle East, Africa and Europe.  And because
    of that advantage, Italy is home to the most comprehensive
    set of military capabilities - from the 173rd Airborne to
    cutting edge Global Hawks - that we have anywhere outside the
    United States.  Most importantly, Italy has shown a
    willingness, and even an eagerness, to partner with the U.S.
    in addressing many of the most pressing global challenges of
    our age.

    ¶3. (C/NF) This is not to say that Italy is always an ideal
    partner for U.S. efforts.  Italy's slow but real economic
    decline threatens its ability to play in the international
    arena.  Its leadership frequently lacks strategic vision - a
    characteristic developed through decades of unstable and
    short-lived coalition governments.  Italy's institutions are
    not as well- or as properly-developed as one would expect for
    a modern European country.  Italian leaders' unwillingness
    and inability to address many of the chronic problems that
    plague their society - an non-competitive economic system,
    decaying infrastructure, rising debt, and endemic corruption
    - have caused concern among Italy's partners and given the
    impression of feckless and inefficient governance.  PM Silvio
    Berlusconi has inadvertently come to symbolize this image.
    His frequent verbal gaffes and poor choice of words have
    offended nearly every demographic in Italy and many EU
    leaders.  His perceived willingness to put personal interests
    above those of the state, his preference for short-term
    solutions over long-term investment, and his frequent use of
    public institutions and resources to gain electoral advantage
    over his political adversaries has harmed Italy's reputation
    in Europe and has provided an unfortunately comic tone to
    Italy's reputation in many quarters of the U.S. government.

    ¶4. (C/NF) That said, on foreign policy, Italy has made many
    efforts - some serious and some not - to maintain a position
    of global relevance and influence.  Italy often has not
    allocated sufficient military, economic, or diplomatic
    resources to lead, or often even to participate, in many of
    the international community's challenges, but when asked by
    us, has come through and supported our leadership, whether in
    Iraq, Afghanistan, or the Middle East.  While stagnant growth
    has produced budgetary pressures, much more worrisome is the
    GOI's unwillingness to make smart choices in support of
    alliance requirements.  Frequently, Italy has tried to
    compensate for its lack of resource allocation by proposing
    to be the world's great mediator - a self-appointed role
    which politicians (particularly Berlusconi) believe can
    confer great visibility with virtually no expense.  With no
    outside coordination, Italian leaders have tried to mediate
    the West's relationship with Russia, engage with Hamas and
    Hizballah, establish new channels of negotiation with Iran,
    and expand the G8's agenda and mandate beyond recognition.

    ¶5. (C/NF) The combination of Italy's economic decline and
    political idiosyncrasies have caused many European leaders to
    denigrate the contributions of Berlusconi and Italy.  We
    should not.  We should recognize that a long-term engagement
    with Italy and its leaders will provide us important
    strategic dividends now and in the future.  Italy's influence
    in the Balkans will help us consolidate gains painstakingly
    made over the last two decades.  Italian troops will continue
    to play an important role in peacekeeping operations in
    Lebanon and Afghanistan.  With the establishment of AFRICOM,
    Italy has become an even more significant partner in our
    power projection calculations.  As we look to the future, we
    must recognize that Italy's buy-in will be crucial to any
    common U.S.-EU energy security policy to counter Putin's
    increasingly blatant and aggressive use of energy as a tool
    for increasing Russia's influence (a Kremlin strategy that
    Italy's energy players have been supporting, unfortunately).
    Italian economic pressure, if we make a serious push, could
    be critical in sending a clear and powerful message to Tehran
    as we look to resolve the nuclear issue, and Italy's voice
    will be important as the EU and NATO look to forge stable,
    prosperous and democratic nations out of aspirant countries.
    Already, they are preparing for what they believe will be
    among the first U.S. requests - resettlement of Guantanamo
    detainees and making a broader and deeper effort in
    Afghanistan.

    ¶6. (C/NF) PM Berlusconi regularly stresses the significance
    of Italo-American ties.  While he is not as attuned to our
    political rhythms as he is wont to believe, he is genuinely
    and deeply devoted to the relationship with the U.S.  His
    re-entry into national politics last spring brought about
    almost overnight a palpable improvement in our ability to get
    things done on an operational level.  FM Frattini is a
    serious and experienced statesman.  As Berlusconi becomes
    increasingly absorbed in domestic (i.e., economic) challenges
    confronting Italy, Frattini is increasingly charting the
    course of Italian foreign policy.  Both are eager to engage
    with you and seek direction on many of the world's immediate
    problems.  Behind them you will find a cadre of politicians
    and government officials who see coordination and contact
    with U.S. leaders and officials as fundamental to forging
    Italy's policy path in the world, and even within the EU.  To
    the degree you and your closest advisors maintain close
    contact and coordination with Italian leaders, I am convinced
    you will reap great dividends.  To the degree you find ways
    to include Italy in the group of nations that we work with
    most closely on key issues - in particular in the Middle
    East, Iran, and Afghanistan - I am convinced that you and the
    President will find myriad ways to harness Italy's great
    potential in support of U.S. strategic goals.  Most
    importantly, I would say, from a vantage point of having come
    to know Italy and its people over the course of some forty
    years, that it is well worth looking beyond the occasional
    misfires or missteps by Italian officials to recognize a
    close ally and a true friend, ready and indeed eager to renew
    a relationship of close collaboration.

    ¶7. (C/NF) It has been an enormous privilege to serve the
    American people and government here.  I wish you and the
    President the best of luck and success in working with this
    great ally.
    SPOGLI

`