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### Viewing cable 04MADRID2492, SPAIN: LIBERTAD ACT TITLE III WAIVER REVIEW

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
04MADRID2492 | 2004-07-01 16:04 | 2010-12-17 21:09 | CONFIDENTIAL | Embassy Madrid

`

    This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.

` `

    C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 MADRID 002492

    SIPDIS

    DEPT FOR EUR/WE AND WHA/CCA

    E.O. 12958: DECL: 07/01/2014
    TAGS: CU ETTC PREL PHUM SP
    SUBJECT: SPAIN: LIBERTAD ACT TITLE III WAIVER REVIEW

    REF: A. STATE 135512

    ¶B. MADRID 2315

    Classified By: Deputy Chief of Mission J. Robert Manzanares,
    reasons 1.4(b) and (d).

    ¶1. (C) Summary: The previous Spanish government under
    President Jose Maria Aznar was long in the forefront within
    the EU and on its own in criticizing Cuban human rights
    abuses, lack of movement toward democracy and absence of
    fundamental rights for Cuban citizens. The current
    government under Socialist President Jose Luis Rodriguez
    Zapatero, who took office in mid-April this year, has not
    softened Spain's position on Cuba but neither has it overtly
    continued Aznar's strident criticism. The past six months
    saw a continuation of Spain's actions and policies advocating
    a tough stance against the Castro regime. Although it is
    difficult to predict Zapatero's policies and actions toward
    Cuba, the absence of a Title III suspension might encourage
    the GOS to soften its position on Cuba both bilaterally and
    within the EU. Moreover, Spain would likely claim the U.S.
    has violated the common understanding reached with the EU
    concerning the Libertad Act (the Act) in May 2000. End
    summary.

    -----------------------------
    SPAIN TOWARD CUBA UNDER AZNAR
    -----------------------------

    ¶2. (C) Embassy provides this review of Spain's recent Cuba
    policy in response to ref A. Jose Maria Aznar's government
    was a strident critic of the Castro regime practically until
    the day Aznar departed office in mid-April 2004. Aznar was a
    prime force behind the hardening of the EU's position on Cuba
    after the Castro regime arrested more than 70 dissidents in
    March 2003. In June 2003, the EU announced that as a result
    of the arrest and sentencing of these dissidents, it would
    encourage member states to limit bilateral high-level
    government visits, reduce their participation in cultural
    events, and invite Cuban dissidents to national day
    celebrations. The EU also threatened to re-examine the EU's
    common position on Cuba. The Aznar government pushed hard
    for these measures and firmly supported them from the time
    the measures were announced until it handed over power to the
    Socialists in April. The Aznar government condemned the
    Castro regime multiple times in that period for its human
    rights abuses, lack of democratic reforms and failure to
    guarantee fundamental rights for its citizens. As a result
    of Spain's hard line, the Castro regime shut down Spain's
    binational cultural center in Havana.

    ¶3. (C) In addition, at the USG's urging, the Aznar
    government in April 2004 pressed Honduras to sponsor this
    year's UNCHR resolution on Cuba. Honduras eventually did
    sponsor the resolution (after considerable reluctance). The
    Aznar government was also a key player in the EU's eventual
    decision to oppose Cotonou membership for Cuba, forcing the
    Castro regime to withdraw its application. In sum, the Aznar
    government did much to advance democracy, human rights and
    fundamental freedoms in Cuba while it was in power.

    --------------------------------------------- --
    ZAPATERO GOVERNMENT'S APPROACH TO CASTRO REGIME
    --------------------------------------------- --

    ¶4. (C) Since taking office in mid-April, the Zapatero
    government has not taken any actions or announced policy
    modifications that change Spain's Cuba policy as it existed
    under Aznar. As Embassy has previously reported (ref B),
    Foreign Ministry officials have told us Spain will maintain
    its tough stance on Cuba, saying Castro has done nothing to
    merit softening of the strong stand Spain and the EU have
    taken against the regime's human rights violations and
    refusal to allow democratic reforms. The officials have
    said, however, that the GOS would prefer to tone down the
    rhetoric that went back and forth between Castro and Aznar,
    and if possible, return to some form of dialogue with Cuba.
    In the end, given Cuba's intransigence, they viewed this as
    highly unlikely. They have also said they do not plan to
    take the same leadership role Aznar did on Cuba within the EU
    and would opt to be minimally involved in formulating or
    influencing EU policy on Cuba.

    --------------------------------------------- ---------
    IMPACT ON COOPERATION WITH SPAIN IF WAIVER NOT RENEWED
    --------------------------------------------- ---------

    ¶5. (C) The GOS, like the EU, has always bristled at the Act
    as a piece of extraterritorial legislation which is probably
    contrary to the WTO and represents the imposition of U.S.
    foreign policy on its friends and allies. Spain is also
    bound by EU and subsequent Spanish implementing legislation
    forbidding nationals or companies from cooperating with
    foreign legislation such as that embodied in the Act.
    Companies or nationals that do cooperate with foreign
    governments to implement such measures will be prosecuted and
    fined under Spanish law, and the GOS will be obliged to
    report these events to the EU. Spain presumes the U.S. is
    still acting under the May 2000 understanding with the EU
    concerning enforcement of the Act and pursuit of a waiver.

    ¶6. (C) Despite Spain's opposition to the Act, the attitude
    of the Aznar government toward the Castro regime was the
    closest to ours of any Spanish government previously and one
    of the closest, if not the closest, of any of our allies that
    have ties to Cuba. While the Zapatero government may not be
    as openly critical of Cuba as was its predecessor, it has
    taken no action to soften Aznar's hard line. Were the waiver
    not renewed, we expect the Zapatero government to contend the
    EU-U.S. understanding on the Act had been broken.
    Non-waiver would also give the GOS cover to seek
    normalization of dialogue with Cuba, whatever that would
    entail. Given Spain's long-standing hard line against Cuba
    and the fact that by all appearances the Zapatero government
    plans to continue that hard line (even if it does not plan to
    be as critical as Aznar), the USG would have little to gain
    and much to lose in achieving its foreign policy goals by not
    renewing the waiver.

    ARGYROS

`